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尋ねる

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
尋
たず
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
訊ねる

Etymology

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From Old Japanese 尋ぬ (tazunu), in the 下(しも)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.

Development

Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下(しも)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下(しも)一(いち)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 尋ねる
Plain 尋ねる たずねる [tàzúnéꜜrù]
Conjunctive 尋ねて たずねて [tàzúꜜnètè]
Perfective 尋ねた たずねた [tàzúꜜnètà]
Negative 尋ねない たずねない [tàzúnéꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 尋ねなかった たずねなかった [tàzúnéꜜnàkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 尋ねれば たずねれば [tàzúnéꜜrèbà]
Past conditional 尋ねたら たずねたら [tàzúꜜnètàrà]
Imperative 尋ねろ
尋ねよ 		たずねろ
たずねよ 		[tàzúnéꜜrò]
[tàzúnéꜜyò]
Volitional 尋ねよう たずねよー [tàzúnéyóꜜò]
Desiderative 尋ねたい たずねたい [tàzúnétáꜜì]
Formal 尋ねます たずねます [tàzúnémáꜜsù]
Formal negative 尋ねません たずねません [tàzúnémáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 尋ねましょう たずねましょー [tàzúnémáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 尋ねました たずねました [tàzúnémáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 尋ね
尋ねに 		たずね
たずねに 		[tàzúꜜnè]
[tàzúꜜnè nì]
Negative continuative 尋ねず
尋ねずに 		たずねず
たずねずに 		[tàzúnéꜜzù]
[tàzúnéꜜzù nì]
Passive 尋ねられる たずねられる [tàzúnéráréꜜrù]
Causative 尋ねさせる
尋ねさす 		たずねさせる
たずねさす 		[tàzúnésáséꜜrù]
[tàzúnésáꜜsù]
Potential 尋ねられる
尋ねれる 		たずねられる
たずねれる 		[tàzúnéráréꜜrù]
[tàzúnéréꜜrù]

Verb

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尋(たず)ねる • (tazuneru) transitive ichidan (stem 尋(たず)ね (tazune), past 尋(たず)ねた (tazuneta))

  1. ask (a question)
    Synonyms: 聞く (kiku), (humble) 伺う (ukagau)
    道(みち)を尋(たず)ねる
    michi o tazuneru
    to ask for directions
  2. search, look for, investigate
    Synonym: 探す (sagasu)
    生(い)き別(わか)れの子(こ)を尋(たず)ねる
    ikiwakare no ko o tazuneru
    to search for a long-lost child
    真(しん)理(り)を尋(たず)ねる
    shinri o tazuneru
    to seek truth

Conjugation

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Conjugation of "尋ねる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 尋ね たずね tazune
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 尋ね たずね tazune
Shūshikei ("terminal") 尋ねる たずねる tazuneru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 尋ねる たずねる tazuneru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 尋ねれ たずねれ tazunere
Meireikei ("imperative") 尋ねよ¹
尋ねろ² 		たずねよ¹
たずねろ² 		tazuneyo¹
tazunero²
Key constructions
Passive 尋ねられる たずねられる tazunerareru
Causative 尋ねさせる
尋ねさす 		たずねさせる
たずねさす 		tazunesaseru
tazunesasu
Potential 尋ねられる
尋ねれる³ 		たずねられる
たずねれる³ 		tazunerareru
tazunereru³
Volitional 尋ねよう たずねよう tazuneyō
Negative 尋ねない
尋ねぬ
尋ねん 		たずねない
たずねぬ
たずねん 		tazunenai
tazunenu
tazunen
Negative continuative 尋ねず たずねず tazunezu
Formal 尋ねます たずねます tazunemasu
Perfective 尋ねた たずねた tazuneta
Conjunctive 尋ねて たずねて tazunete
Hypothetical conditional 尋ねれば たずねれば tazunereba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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