戦う

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Archived revision by 86.145.56.94 (talk) as of 19:51, 9 December 2019.
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Japanese

Kanji in this term
たたか
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
戰う (kyūjitai)

Alternative forms

Etymology

From classical verb (たたか) (tatakafu), derived from the 未然形 (mizenkei, incomplete form) tataka of verb (たた) (tataku, to strike) + auxiliary verb (fu, indicating repetitive or ongoing action) → “to strike repeatedly” → “to fight”.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "戦う"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
戦う たかう [tàtákáú]
Imperative (命令形) 戦え たかえ [tàtákáé]
Key constructions
Passive 戦われる たかわれる [tàtákáwárérú]
Causative 戦わせる たかわせる [tàtákáwásérú]
Potential 戦える たかえる [tàtákáérú]
Volitional 戦おう たかお [tàtákáóꜜò]
Negative 戦わない たかわない [tàtákáwánáí]
Negative perfective 戦わなかった たかわなかった [tàtákáwánáꜜkàttà]
Formal 戦います たかいま [tàtákáímáꜜsù]
Perfective 戦った たかった [tàtákáttá]
Conjunctive 戦って たかって [tàtákátté]
Hypothetical conditional 戦えば たかえ [tàtákáéꜜbà]

Verb

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  1. to battle, to fight, to wage war
    • 1916, 和辻哲郎, 転向:
      しかしこの(てき)(たたか)っている(あいだ)に、(ほか)(てき)(はい)()(まわ)っていた。
      Shikashi kono teki to tatakatte iru aida ni, hoka no teki ga haigo e mawatte ita.
      But while he was battling this enemy, another had come up behind him.
    • 1922, 寺田寅彦, 亮の追憶:
      しかし自分(じぶん)(よわ)さと(たたか)戦士(せんし)としては(けっ)して(よわ)くなかった。
      Shikashi jibun no yowasa to tatakau senshi toshite wa kesshite yowakunakatta.
      Yet he was not a weak soldier as a soldier fighting his own weakness.
    Synonym: (wage war) 戦争する (sensō suru)
  2. to compete (in a match, for example)
    Synonyms: 競争する (kyōsō suru), 試合する (shiai suru), 勝負する (shōbu suru), 争う (arasou)
  3. to contend (for one's own interests)
    Synonym: 争う (arasou)
  4. (figuratively) to get through with one's sufferings or difficulties (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  5. (literally) to hit or strike repeatedly
    Synonym: 乱打する (randa suru)

Conjugation

Usage notes

The 戦う spelling is used in a broader sense than 闘う:

(てっ)(こく)(たたか)
tekkoku to tatakau
battle in an enemy country
(せん)(きょ)(たたか)
senkyo de tatakau
compete in the elections
(あつ)(たたか)
atsusa to tatakau
beat the heat

Derived terms

See also

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named DJR
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN