短い

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
みじか
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Alternative forms

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese.[1] Appears in the Man'yōshū, dated to roughly 759 CE.

Appears to be derived as a compound, but the constituent parts remain obscure. The stem form mijika is also found in compounds, and in the now-obsolete adjective forms 短やか (mijikayaka) and 短らか (mijikaraka), indicating that the ‑ka in mijika is not the adjectivizing suffix (‑ka) (as in 静か shizuka), and is instead part of the root term.

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of "短い"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 短く かく
じか
[mìjíꜜkàkù]
[mìjíkáꜜkù]
Terminal (終止形) 短い じか [mìjíkáꜜì]
Attributive (連体形) 短い じか [mìjíkáꜜì]
Key constructions
Informal negative 短くない かくない
じかくない
[mìjíꜜkàkùnàì]
[mìjíkáꜜkùnàì]
Informal past 短かった かかった
じかかった
[mìjíꜜkàkàttà]
[mìjíkáꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past 短くなかった かくなかった
じかくなかった
[mìjíꜜkàkùnàkàttà]
[mìjíkáꜜkùnàkàttà]
Formal 短いです じかいです [mìjíkáꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive 短くて かくて
じかくて
[mìjíꜜkàkùtè]
[mìjíkáꜜkùtè]
Conditional 短ければ かければ
じかければ
[mìjíꜜkàkèrèbà]
[mìjíkáꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective

(みじか) (mijikai-i (adverbial (みじか) (mijikaku))

  1. short, brief

Inflection

Antonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN