菖

菖 U+83D6, 菖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83D6 ← 菕 [U+83D5] CJK Unified Ideographs 菗 → [U+83D7]

Translingual

Han character

菖 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, Cangjie input 廿日日 (TAA), four-corner 4460₆, composition ⿱艹昌)

1. iris, sweet flag, calamus

Derived characters

• 𥛼

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1038, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31174
• Dae Jaweon: page 1496, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3233, character 12
• Unihan data for U+83D6

Chinese

trad.		菖
simp. #		菖

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (昌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
昌	*tʰjaŋ
倡	*tʰjaŋ, *tʰjaŋs
猖	*tʰjaŋ
菖	*tʰjaŋ
閶	*tʰjaŋ
鯧	*tʰjaŋ
裮	*tʰjaŋ
琩	*tʰjaŋ
唱	*tʰjaŋs

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): chāng (chang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cang¹

  (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): chàn

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng¹
• Gan (Wiktionary): cong¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhông
• Eastern Min (BUC): chiŏng / chĕ̤ng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cyorng¹ / cyoeng¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhiong / chhiuⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ciang¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹tshaon / ¹tshan
  • (Jinhua): ¹chiaon

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chang
    • Wade–Giles: chʻang¹
    • Yale: chāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chang
    • Palladius: чан (čan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: cang¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Nanjing)
    • Nanjing Pinyin: chàn
    • Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): chan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰã³¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: coeng¹
    • Yale: chēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: cong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhông
    • Hakka Romanization System: cong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chiŏng / chĕ̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuoŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰøyŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cyorng¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chio̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰyɒŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cyoeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiong / chhiuⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tshiong / tshiunn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiofng, chviw
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰiũ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ³³/, /t͡sʰiũ³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰiũ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰiũ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰiũ⁴⁴/

Note:

• chhiong - literary;
• chhiuⁿ - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ciang¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiang
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiaŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Jiaxing, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshaon
    • MiniDict: tshaon^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshaan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰɑ̃⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sʰɑ̃⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡sʰɒ̃⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sʰɑ̃⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sʰɒŋ⁵²/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sʰɔ̃⁵²/
  • (Northern: Songjiang, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshan
    • MiniDict: tshan^平
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡sʰæ̃⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sʰã⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sʰã⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sʰɑŋ³³⁴/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ¹chiaon
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡ɕʰiɑŋ³³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsyhang

Rime
Character	菖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	尺良切
Baxter	tsyhang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiaŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjaŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菖
Reading #	1/1
No.	1252
Phonetic component	昌
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	昌
Old Chinese	/*tʰjaŋ/

Definitions

菖

1. only used in 菖蒲 (chāngpú)

Compounds

• 唐菖蒲 (tángchāngpú)
• 白菖
• 石菖蒲 (shíchāngpú)
• 菖蒲 (chāngpú)
• 菖蒲蓮 / 菖蒲莲
• 菖蒲酒
• 菖蘭 / 菖兰 (chānglán)
• 菖鮋 / 菖鲉

References

• “菖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “菖”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 26.

Japanese

Kanji

菖

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. (botany) iris

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 菖 (MC tsyhang).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 챠ᇰ (Yale: chyang) in Gugeupbangeonhae (救急方諺解 / 구급방언해), 1466.

Hanja

菖 (eum 창 (chang))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.