違憲

Chinese

		to disobey; to violate; to separate to disobey; to violate; to separate; to go against	statute; constitution
trad. (違憲)		違	憲
simp. (违宪)		违	宪

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wéixiàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wai⁴ hin³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ûi-hiàn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wéixiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wéisiàn
    • Wade–Giles: wei²-hsien⁴
    • Yale: wéi-syàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weishiann
    • Palladius: вэйсянь (vɛjsjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 為限／为限 違憲／违宪

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wai⁴ hin³
    • Yale: wàih hin
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁴ hin³
    • Guangdong Romanization: wei⁴ hin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²¹ hiːn³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi-hiàn
    • Tâi-lô: uî-hiàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ui'hiexn
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²³⁻³³ hiɛn²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ui²⁴⁻¹¹ hiɛn¹¹/

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• Middle Chinese: hjw+j xjonH

Rime
Character	違	憲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	微 (21)	元 (65)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	雨非切	許建切
Baxter	hjw+j	xjonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉi/	/hɨɐnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɨi/	/hiɐnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuəi/	/xiɐnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuj/	/hɨanH/
Li Rong	/ɣiuəi/	/xiɐnH/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwəi/	/xĭɐnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/we̯i/	/xɨ̯ɐnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wéi	xiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai4	hin3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[j]  qʰar/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯl  hŋans/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	違	憲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wéi	xiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwɨj ›	‹ xjonH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[j]/	/*qʰar/ (~ *qʰar-s)
English	go against	law; model; rule
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	違	憲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	12815	4849
Phonetic component	韋	害
Rime group	微	元
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	幃	獻
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯl/	/*hŋans/

Verb

違憲

1. to violate the constitution; to be unconstitutional

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
違	憲
い Grade: S	けん Grade: 6
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) いけん [ìkéń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ikẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

違(い)憲(けん) • (iken) ^{←ゐけん (wiken)?}

1. unconstitutionality

   婚外子(こんがいし)の相続差別(そうぞくさべつ)は違憲(いけん)である

   kongaishi no sōzoku sabetsu wa iken de aru

   Discrimination against illegitimate heirs is unconstitutional.

Antonyms

• 合(ごう)憲(けん) (gōken)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.