-ett
Hungarian
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ett
- (locative suffix) in (used to form the locative case)
- (past participle suffix) -ed, -t. Used to form the past participle of a verb.
- hegeszt (“to weld”) → a hegesztett fém (“the welded metal”)
- (past tense suffix) -ed, -t. Used to form the past tense of a verb.
- hegeszt (“to weld”) → fémcsöveket hegesztett (“he welded some metal tubing”)
Usage notes
- (locative suffix) It is used only in a few city/town names along with the inessive case or superessive case.[1] It can also be observed in a few local adverbs and postpositions. It is no longer productive. Variants:
- -t
- -tt is added to words ending in a vowel
- -ott is added to back-vowel words
- Kaposvárott (also with -t), Vácott, (Székes)fehérvárott, Kapuvárott, (outside present-day Hungary)
Érsekújvárott, Gyulafehérvárott, Kolozsvárott (also with -t), Temesvárott, (in Russia) (Szent)pétervárott
- Kaposvárott (also with -t), Vácott, (Székes)fehérvárott, Kapuvárott, (outside present-day Hungary)
- -ett is added to unrounded front-vowel words
- -ött is added to rounded front-vowel words
- Győrött (and Diósgyőrött), fölött, mögött, között
- (past-participle and past-tense suffix) Variants:
- -t is added to monosyllabic verbs ending in j, l, ly, n, ny, r (fáj, szel, fon, huny, sír) and to many bisyllabic verbs ending in -ad/-ed (akad, ered)
- -tt is added to verbs ending in a vowel (sző, nő, fő, lő, ró, rí)
- -ott is added to back-vowel verbs
- -ett is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs
- -ött is added to rounded front-vowel verbs
- (past-participle suffix) This form is the only option attributively. Predicatively, however, a construction of the existential verb van (or its negative form nincs) and the adverbial participle (with -va/-ve) is preferable,[2] especially when speaking of the result achieved,[3] although the suffix -t/-ott/-ett/-ött occurs predicatively as well, disputed as it may be.[3]