以上

Chinese

		to use; according to; so as to to use; according to; so as to; in order to; by; with; because; Israel (abbrev.)	up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up
trad. (以上)		以	上
simp. #(以上)		以	上
alternative forms		已上 obsolete

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǐshàng

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˇ ㄕㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁵ soeng⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî-song
• Northern Min (KCR): ǐ-ciōng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): í-siōng / í-siāng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): in² siang⁶

• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): i³ shan⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yǐshàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˇ ㄕㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǐshàng
    • Wade–Giles: i³-shang⁴
    • Yale: yǐ-shàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiishanq
    • Palladius: ишан (išan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji⁵ soeng⁶
    • Yale: yíh seuhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁵ soeng⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi⁵ sêng⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː¹³ sœːŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-song
    • Hakka Romanization System: i^ˊ song
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ song⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /i²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-song
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)i^ˊ song
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ song⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǐ-ciōng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i²¹ t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-siōng
    • Tâi-lô: í-siōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ysiong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-siāng
    • Tâi-lô: í-siāng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ysiang
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: in² siang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: íⁿ siăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ĩ⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ³⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: i³ shan⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /i⁴¹ ʂan²¹⁻¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /i⁴¹ san²¹⁻¹¹/

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 以上

1. above; more than; over
2. above-mentioned; above

Synonyms

• (above): 以懸／以悬

Antonyms

• 以下 (yǐxià)

Phrase

以上

1. (usually Internet, influenced by Japanese) That is all. (used at the end of a text to indicate that there is nothing further)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (以上):

• → Japanese: 以上(いじょう) (ijō)
• → Korean: 이상(以上) (isang)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
以	上
い Grade: 4	じょう Grade: 1
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) いじょー [íꜜjòò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [iʑo̞ː]

Noun

以(い)上(じょう) • (ijō) ^{←いじやう (izyau)?}

1. the aforementioned, the foregoing
2. greater than or equal to
3. (plain form Verb) + 以上は: since, now that, so long as, once

Phrase

以(い)上(じょう) • (ijō) ^{←いじやう (izyau)?}

1. That is all. (used at the end of a text to indicate that there is nothing further)

Related terms

• 以下(いか) (ika)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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Korean

Hanja in this term
以	上

Noun

以上 • (isang) (hangeul 이상)

1. hanja form^? of 이상 (“the aforementioned, the foregoing”)