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Proto-Indo-European [ edit ]
*wer-
to burn
*wōr-
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wārīˀtei
Latgalian: vōreit
Latvian: vàrît ( alternatively a borrowing from Slavic )
Proto-Slavic: *variti (see there for further descendants )
*werH-u-s
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wārús
Lithuanian: varùs
Proto-Slavic: *varъ (see there for further descendants )
*wr̥H-
*worno- ( presumably originally an adjective “black” )
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *warnás , *wárˀnāˀ (see there for further descendants )
Proto-Celtic: *branos (see there for further descendants )
Unsorted formations:
Anatolian:
Hittite: [script needed] ( urāni , “ burns ” ) [ 1]
Hittite: 𒉿𒊏 ( wa-ar , “ to burn ” )
→ Old Armenian: վառեմ ( vaṙem ) ( possibly )
Balto-Slavic:
*wer- [ 2] [ 3]
to watch ; to keep guard , cover
to notice , heed , be aware (of), be wary (of)
*wr̥-néw-ti ( néw-present )
*wor-t-ús , *wor-t-ós
Proto-Germanic: *wardaz ( “ guard, keeper ” ) , *werdaz (see there for further descendants )
*wer-eh₁-(ye)-ti ( stative )
*wor-eh₂-ye-ti
Proto-Germanic: *warōną ( “ to watch, to protect ” ) (see there for further descendants )
Proto-Hellenic: *worā́ō
Ancient Greek: ὁράω ( horáō , “ see ” )
*wor-eh₂
Proto-Hellenic: *worā
Ancient Greek: ὤρα ( ṓra , “ care, concern ” )
*wor-o-s
Proto-Germanic: *waraz ( “ cautious ” ) (see there for further descendants )
Proto-Hellenic: *woros
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wā́ras
Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wā́ras
Sanskrit: वार ( vā́ra , “ obstacle, cover, gate ” )
*wor-yo-s
*wor-n-éh₂
Proto-Germanic: *warnō ( “ warding off; refusal, denial; warning? ” )
⇒ ? Proto-Germanic: *warnōną ( “ to warn ” ) (see there for further descendants )
Proto-West Germanic: *warnu (see there for further descendants )
⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *warnijan ( “ to refuse, deny ” ) (see there for further descendants )
Unsorted formations:
Proto-Albanian:
Albanian: vërej ( “ look, observe ” )
Proto-Celtic: *werati
Old Irish: feraid ( “ to grant, provide ” )
Proto-Germanic: *warjaną ( “ ward off ” ) (see there for further descendants )
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáras
*wer-
squirrel or marten
*wer-n-
⇒ Proto-Germanic: *aikwernô (see there for further descendants )
*wer-wer-
Indo-Iranian:
Proto-Iranian: *warwar-akah
Baluchi: ورورک ( varvarak ) ( loanword from another Iranian language )
Gilaki: وروره ( varvarə )
Persian: وروره ( varvarah ) ( loanword from another Iranian language )
*we-wer-
^ Derksen, Rick (2008 ) “*vьrěti ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN , →ISSN , page 537
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008 ) “vereor”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN , page 665
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013 ) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11 ), Leiden, Boston: Brill , →ISBN
Watkins, Calvert. Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans . 1969.