Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fanhaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Different origins have been proposed:

From Proto-Indo-European *ph₂-né-ḱ- ~ *ph₂-n̥-ḱ-, nasal-infix present of the root *peh₂ḱ- (“secure, attach, strengthen”).^[1]^[2] Related to *fōgijaną.
From Pre-Germanic *ponḱ-, apparently a univerbation of Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó + *h₂n(e)ḱ- (“to reach, attain”).^[3]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈɸɑ̃ː.xɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb[edit]

*fanhaną

to take, to seize
to capture, to catch

Inflection[edit]

Conjugation of *fanhaną (strong class 7c)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*fanhō	*fanhaų	—	*fanhai	?
2nd singular	*fanhizi	*fanhaiz	*fanh	*fanhazai	*fanhaizau
3rd singular	*fanhidi	*fanhai	*fanhadau	*fanhadai	*fanhaidau
1st dual	*fanhōz	*fanhaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*fanhadiz	*fanhaidiz	*fanhadiz	—	—
1st plural	*fanhamaz	*fanhaim	—	*fanhandai	*fanhaindau
2nd plural	*fanhid	*fanhaid	*fanhid	*fanhandai	*fanhaindau
3rd plural	*fanhandi	*fanhain	*fanhandau	*fanhandai	*fanhaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fefanh	*fefangį̄
2nd singular	*fefanht	*fefangīz
3rd singular	*fefanh	*fefangī
1st dual	*fefangū	*fefangīw
2nd dual	*fefangudiz	*fefangīdiz
1st plural	*fefangum	*fefangīm
2nd plural	*fefangud	*fefangīd
3rd plural	*fefangun	*fefangīn

	present	past
participles	*fanhandz	*fanganaz

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Proto-West Germanic: *fą̄han
- Old English: fōn
  - Middle English: fon, fangen
    - Scots: fang
    - English: fang
- Old Frisian: fā
  - Saterland Frisian: fange
  - West Frisian: fange
- Old Saxon: fāhan
  - Low German: fangen
- Old Dutch: fān
  - Middle Dutch: vâen
    - Dutch: vangen
      - Afrikaans: vang
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: fanggi
      - Negerhollands: vang, faṅ
      - Skepi Creole Dutch: fank
      - → Aukan: fanga
      - → Sranan Tongo: fanga
        → Caribbean Javanese: fangah, mangah
    - Limburgish: vange
- Old High German: fāhan
  - Middle High German: vāhen
    - Alemannic German: faa, faahe
    - Cimbrian: vangan, bangan
    - German: fahen, fangen
    - Luxembourgish: fänken
Old Norse: fá, ᚠᛅᚦᛁ (faþi), ᚠᛆᚦᛁ (faþi)
- Icelandic: fá
- Faroese: fáa, fá
- Norwegian: få
- Elfdalian: fą̊
- Old Swedish: fā
  - Swedish: få
- Old Danish: fā
  - Danish: få
Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 (fahan)

References[edit]

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page pāx
^ Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “vangen”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page pāx

[2] Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “vangen”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

[3] Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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