enganar

See also: engañar

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese enganar, from Early Medieval Latin ingannāre (“to trick, deceive”) (attested in a gloss), from Latin ganniō, gannīre. Compare Portuguese enganar and Spanish engañar.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /eŋɡaˈnaɾ/ [eŋ.ɡɑˈnaɾ]

• IPA^(key): (standard) /eŋɡaˈnaɾ/ [eŋ.ɡɑˈnaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (gheada) /eŋħaˈnaɾ/ [eŋ.ħɑˈnaɾ]

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: en‧ga‧nar

Verb

enganar (first-person singular present engano, first-person singular preterite enganei, past participle enganado)

1. (transitive) to deceive; to mislead
2. (transitive) to cheat, swindle
3. (pronominal) to be mistaken; to make a mistake

   Synonyms: equivocar, trabucar

   Enganacheste. ― You were wrong / You made a mistake.

4. (pronominal) to deceive oneself

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enganar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	enganar
Personal	enganar	enganares	enganar	enganarmos	enganardes	enganaren
Gerund
	enganando
Past participle
Masculine	enganado			enganados
Feminine	enganada			enganadas
Indicative
Present	engano	enganas	engana	enganamos	enganades	enganan
Imperfect	enganaba	enganabas	enganaba	enganabamos	enganabades	enganaban
Preterite	enganei	enganaches	enganou	enganamos	enganastes	enganaron
Pluperfect	enganara	enganaras	enganara	enganaramos	enganarades	enganaran
Future	enganarei	enganarás	enganará	enganaremos	enganaredes	enganarán
Conditional	enganaría	enganarías	enganaría	enganariamos	enganariades	enganarían
Subjunctive
Present	engane	enganes	engane	enganemos	enganedes	enganen
Imperfect	enganase	enganases	enganase	enganásemos	enganásedes	enganasen
Future	enganar	enganares	enganar	enganarmos	enganardes	enganaren
Imperative
Affirmative		engana	engane	enganemos	enganade	enganen
Negative (non)		non enganes	non engane	non enganemos	non enganedes	non enganen

    Reintegrated conjugation of enganar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	enganar
Personal	enganar	enganares	enganar	enganarmos	enganardes	enganarem
Gerund
	enganando
Past participle
Masculine	enganado			enganados
Feminine	enganada			enganadas
Indicative
Present	engano	enganas	engana	enganamos	enganades, enganais	enganam
Imperfect	enganava	enganavas	enganava	enganávamos	enganávades, enganáveis, enganávais1	enganavam
Preterite	enganei	enganaste, enganache1	enganou	enganamos	enganastes	enganárom, enganaram
Pluperfect	enganara	enganaras	enganara	enganáramos	enganárades, enganáreis, enganárais1	enganaram
Future	enganarei	enganarás	enganará	enganaremos	enganaredes, enganareis	enganarám, enganarão
Conditional	enganaria	enganarias	enganaria	enganaríamos	enganaríades, enganaríeis, enganaríais1	enganariam
Subjunctive
Present	engane	enganes	engane	enganemos	enganedes, enganeis	enganem
Imperfect	enganasse	enganasses	enganasse	enganássemos	enganássedes, enganásseis	enganassem
Future	enganar	enganares	enganar	enganarmos	enganardes	enganarem
Imperative
Affirmative		engana	engane	enganemos	enganade, enganai	enganem
Negative (nom)		nom enganes	nom engane	nom enganemos	nom enganedes, nom enganeis	nom enganem

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• desenganar
• engano

References

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “enganar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “enganar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “enganar”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “enganar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan enganar, from Early Medieval Latin ingannāre (attested in a gloss), from Latin ganniō. Compare Catalan enganyar, Old French engignier, Italian ingannare.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

Verb

enganar

1. to deceive
2. (reflexive, s'enganar) to make a mistake

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		enganar			aver enganat
gerund		enganant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		enganat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	engani	enganas	engana	enganam	enganatz	enganan
	imperfect	enganavi	enganavas	enganava	enganàvem	enganàvetz	enganavan
	preterite	enganèri	enganères	enganèt	enganèrem	enganèretz	enganèron
	future	enganarai	enganaràs	enganarà	enganarem	enganaretz	enganaràn
	conditional	enganariái	enganariás	enganariá	enganariam	enganariatz	enganarián
	conditional 2nd form1	enganèra	enganèras	enganèra	enganeram	enganeratz	enganèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	engane	enganes	engane	enganem	enganetz	enganen
	imperfect	enganèssi	enganèsses	enganèsse	enganèssem	enganèssetz	enganèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			engana		enganem	enganatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		enganar			aver enganat
gerund		enganant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		enganat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	engane	enganes	engana	enganam	enganatz	enganon
	imperfect	enganave	enganaves	enganava	enganaviam	enganaviatz	enganavon
	preterite	enganere	enganeres	enganet	enganem	enganetz	enganeron
	future	enganarai	enganaràs	enganará	enganarem	enganaretz	enganarán
	conditional	enganariá	enganariás	enganariá	enganariam	enganariatz	enganarián
	conditional 2nd form1	enganèra	enganèras	enganèra	enganeram	enganeratz	enganèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	engane	enganes	engane	enganassiam	enganassiatz	enganon
	imperfect	enganesse	enganesses	enganesse	enganessiam	enganessiatz	enganesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			engana		enganassiam	enganatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		enganar			aver enganat
gerund		enganant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		enganat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	engani	enganas	engana	enganam	enganatz	enganan
	imperfect	enganavi	enganavas	enganava	enganàvam	enganàvatz	enganavan
	preterite	enganèi	enganès	enganè	enganèm	enganètz	enganèn
	future	enganarèi	enganaràs	enganarà	enganaram	enganaratz	enganaràn
	conditional	enganarí	enganarés	enganaré	enganarem	enganaretz	enganarén
	conditional 2nd form1	enganèra	enganèras	enganèra	enganeram	enganeratz	enganèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	engani	enganes	engane	enganem	enganetz	enganen
	imperfect	enganèssi	enganèsses	enganèsse	enganèssem	enganèssetz	enganèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			engana		enganem	enganatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		enganar			aver enganat
gerund		enganant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		enganat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	engane	enganas	engana	enganam	enganatz	enganan
	imperfect	enganava	enganavas	enganava	enganàvam	enganàvatz	enganavan
	preterite	enganei	enganeras	enganet	enganèram	enganèratz	enganeran
	future	enganarai	enganaràs	enganará	enganarem	enganaretz	enganarán
	conditional	enganariá	enganariàs	enganariá	enganariam	enganariatz	enganarián
	conditional 2nd form1	enganèra	enganèras	enganèra	enganeram	enganeratz	enganèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	engane	enganes	engane	enganem	enganetz	enganen
	imperfect	enganèsse	enganèsses	enganèsse	enganèssem	enganèssetz	enganèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			engana		enganem	enganatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		enganar			aver enganat
gerund		enganant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		enganat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	engane	enganes	engana	enganam	enganatz	enganan
	imperfect	enganavi	enganavas	enganava	enganàvem	enganàvetz	enganavan
	preterite	enganère	enganères	enganèt	enganeriam	enganeriatz	enganèron
	future	enganarai	enganaràs	enganarà	enganarem	enganaretz	enganaràn
	conditional	enganariáu	enganariás	enganariá	enganariam	enganariatz	enganarián
	conditional 2nd form1	enganèra	enganèras	enganèra	enganeram	enganeratz	enganèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	engane	enganes	engane	enganem	enganetz	enganan
	imperfect	enganèsse	enganèsses	enganèsse	enganessiam	enganessiatz	enganèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			engana		enganem	enganatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

• ẽganar, emganar, engañar, enguanar

Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin ingannāre, from Latin in- + *gannō.

Verb

enganar

1. (transitive) to deceive

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enganar

infinitive				enganar
gerund		simple		enganando
		compound		gerund of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		enganado		enganados
		feminine		enganada		enganadas
present participle				enganante		enganantes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	engano	enganas	engana	enganamos	enganades, enganaes, enganais, enganaas, enganás	enganan
	imperfect	enganava	enganavas	enganava	enganavamos, enganávamos	enganavades, enganávades, enganávaes, enganávais, enganávees, enganáveis	enganavan
	preterite	enganei	enganaste, enganasche, enganache	enganou	enganamos	enganastes	enganaron
	pluperfect	enganara	enganaras	enganara	enganaramos, enganáramos	enganarades, enganárades, enganáraes, enganárais, enganárees, enganáreis	enganaran
	future	enganarei	enganarás	enganará	enganaremos	enganaredes, enganarees, enganareis, enganarês	enganarán
	conditional	enganaria	enganarias	enganaria	enganariamos, enganaríamos	enganariades, enganaríades, enganaríaes, enganaríais, enganaríees, enganaríeis	enganarian
compound tenses	present perfect	present of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	past anterior	preterite of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	pluperfect anterior	simple pluperfect of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	future perfect	future of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
subjunctive mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	engane	enganes	engane	enganemos	enganedes, enganees, enganeis, enganês	enganen
	imperfect	enganasse	enganasses	enganasse	enganassemos, enganássemos	enganassedes, enganássedes, enganássees, enganásseis	enganassen
	future	enganar	enganares	enganar	enganarmos	enganardes	enganaren
compound tenses	present perfect	present subjunctive of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	future perfect	future subjunctive of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
imperative mood		—	tu	—	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	—
affirmative		—	engana	—	enganemos	enganade, enganae, enganai	—
negative		—	non enganes	—	non enganemos	non enganedes, non enganees, non enganeis, non enganês	—
personal infinitive		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
		enganar	enganares	enganar	enganarmos	enganardes	enganaren
1 Haver is more common than tẽer.

Related terms

• desenganar
• enganador
• enganamento
• enganante
• engano
• enganoso

Descendants

• Fala: enganal
• Galician: enganar
• Portuguese: enganar
  • → Old Tupi:
    • Nheengatu: ganani

References

• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “enganar”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2020–2026), “enganar”, in Vocabulário histórico-cronológico do português medieval [Historical and chronological vocabulary of Medieval Portuguese] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa
• Ferreiro, Manuel (2014–2026), “enganar”, in Universo Cantigas: edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa [Universo Cantigas: critical edition of Galician-Portuguese medieval poetry] (in Galician), A Coruña: University of A Coruña, →ISSN
• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “enganar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese enganar, from Early Medieval Latin ingannāre (“to trick, to deceive”) (attested in a gloss), from Latin gannīre. Compare Spanish engañar, Italian ingannare.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ɡaˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ɡaˈna(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ɡaˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ɡaˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ɡaˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ɡaˈna(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ɡaˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ɡaˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ɡaˈna(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ɡaˈna(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ɡaˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ɡaˈna(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ɡaˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ɡaˈna(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ɡaˈna(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ɡaˈna(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.ɡɐˈnaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.ɡɐˈnaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.ɡɐˈna.ɾi/

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: en‧ga‧nar

Verb

enganar (first-person singular present engano, first-person singular preterite enganei, past participle enganado)

1. (transitive) to deceive

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:enganar

   Não o engane. ― Don't deceive him.

   As aparências enganam. ― Appearances are deceiving.

2. (transitive) to cheat, swindle
3. (pronominal) to be mistaken; to be wrong

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:errar

   Pensei que esse livro seria bom, mas enganei-me. ― I thought this book would be good, but I was wrong.

4. (pronominal) to deceive oneself
5. (pronominal) to make a mistake

   Enganaram-se. ― They made a mistake.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enganar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	enganar
Personal	enganar	enganares	enganar	enganarmos	enganardes	enganarem
Gerund
	enganando
Past participle
Masculine	enganado			enganados
Feminine	enganada			enganadas
Indicative
Present	engano	enganas	engana	enganamos	enganais	enganam
Imperfect	enganava	enganavas	enganava	enganávamos	enganáveis	enganavam
Preterite	enganei	enganaste	enganou	enganamos1, enganámos2	enganastes	enganaram
Pluperfect	enganara	enganaras	enganara	enganáramos	enganáreis	enganaram
Future	enganarei	enganarás	enganará	enganaremos	enganareis	enganarão
Conditional	enganaria	enganarias	enganaria	enganaríamos	enganaríeis	enganariam
Subjunctive
Present	engane	enganes	engane	enganemos	enganeis	enganem
Imperfect	enganasse	enganasses	enganasse	enganássemos	enganásseis	enganassem
Future	enganar	enganares	enganar	enganarmos	enganardes	enganarem
Imperative
Affirmative		engana	engane	enganemos	enganai	enganem
Negative (não)		não enganes	não engane	não enganemos	não enganeis	não enganem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• enganação
• enganador
• engano

Descendants

• → Old Tupi:
  • Nheengatu: ganani

Further reading

• “enganar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “enganar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “enganar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “enganar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
• “enganar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026