fumer

See also: fúmer and fümer

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfjuːmə(ɹ)/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːmə(ɹ)

Noun

fumer (plural fumers)

1. One who makes or uses perfumes.
2. That which fumes, something that produces or emits smoke or other vapor.
   • 1977, Frankford arsenal, Robert Trifiletti, Gas Generators for Base Drag Reduction‎^[1], page 1:

     The best fumer concepts evaluated to date employ pyrotechnic type mixes with additives (burning rate modifiers, gaseous output modifiers) and/or gas flow-restricting baseplates.

   • 1990, United States Department of the Army, Military Explosives‎^[2], page 3-3:

     Tracers and fumers are small, smoke producing charges that are placed in projectiles. […] A fumer produces smoke at the proper rate to fill the partial vacuum that movement through the air creates behind the projectile.

Anagrams

• femur

Catalan

Etymology

From fum +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [fuˈme̞]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Central, Northwestern) [fuˈme]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [fuˈmeɾ]

Adjective

fumer (feminine fumera, masculine plural fumers, feminine plural fumeres)

1. producing smoke, smoking

Further reading

• “fumer”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

French

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *-mós

Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós

Proto-Italic *θūmos

Proto-Italic *fūmos

Latin fūmus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin fūmō

Old French [Term?]

Middle French fumer

French fumer

Inherited from Middle French fumer, from Old French [Term?], from Latin fūmāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fy.me/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (France (Paris)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Somain)):

  (file)

Verb

fumer

1. (ambitransitive) to smoke
2. (intransitive) to emit smoke
3. (intransitive) to steam
   • 1963, Nicolas Bouvier, L'Usage du Monde, 2005 ed., Payot & Rivages, →ISBN, p. 164; translated 1992 by Robyn Marsack as The Way of the World, 2011 ed., Eland, →ISBN:

     J'en ressortais vers six heures, léger, lavé jusqu'à l'âme et fumant dans le froid comme un torchon mouillé.

     — I would re-emerge at about six o'clock, light and clean right through to the spirit, and steaming in the cold like a damp dishcloth.

Conjugation

Conjugation of fumer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	fumer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	fumant /fy.mɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		fumé /fy.me/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	fume /fym/	fumes /fym/	fume /fym/	fumons /fy.mɔ̃/	fumez /fy.me/	fument /fym/
	imperfect	fumais /fy.mɛ/	fumais /fy.mɛ/	fumait /fy.mɛ/	fumions /fy.mjɔ̃/	fumiez /fy.mje/	fumaient /fy.mɛ/
	past historic2	fumai /fy.me/	fumas /fy.ma/	fuma /fy.ma/	fumâmes /fy.mam/	fumâtes /fy.mat/	fumèrent /fy.mɛʁ/
	future	fumerai /fym.ʁe/	fumeras /fym.ʁa/	fumera /fym.ʁa/	fumerons /fym.ʁɔ̃/	fumerez /fym.ʁe/	fumeront /fym.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	fumerais /fym.ʁɛ/	fumerais /fym.ʁɛ/	fumerait /fym.ʁɛ/	fumerions /fy.mə.ʁjɔ̃/	fumeriez /fy.mə.ʁje/	fumeraient /fym.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	fume /fym/	fumes /fym/	fume /fym/	fumions /fy.mjɔ̃/	fumiez /fy.mje/	fument /fym/
	imperfect2	fumasse /fy.mas/	fumasses /fy.mas/	fumât /fy.ma/	fumassions /fy.ma.sjɔ̃/	fumassiez /fy.ma.sje/	fumassent /fy.mas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	fume /fym/	—	fumons /fy.mɔ̃/	fumez /fy.me/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• fumer comme un dragon
• fumer comme un pompier
• fumer comme un sapeur
• fumer comme un Turc
• fumer comme une cheminée
• fumer comme une locomotive
• saumon fumé
• viande fumée

Related terms

to smoke

• cannabis
• cigare
• cigarette
• crapoter
• fume-cigarette
• fumée
• fumeur
• fumoir
• griller
• opium
• pipe
• tabac

to emit smoke

• fumée
• fumigène

• fumet
• fumeux
• fumiste

Descendants

• → Turkish: füme (via past participle)

Further reading

• “fumer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Anagrams

• fémur

Latin

Verb

fūmer

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of fūmō

Middle French

Etymology

Inherited from Latin fūmāre.

Verb

fumer

1. to smoke (cook using smoke)

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of fumer

infinitive	simple	fumer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	fumant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		fumé
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	fume	fumes	fume	fumons	fumez	fument
	imperfect	fumois, fumoys	fumois, fumoys	fumoit, fumoyt	fumions, fumyons	fumiez, fumyez	fumoient, fumoyent
	past historic	fuma	fumas	fuma	fumasmes	fumastes	fumerent
	future	fumerai, fumeray	fumeras	fumera	fumerons	fumerez	fumeront
	conditional	fumerois, fumeroys	fumerois, fumeroys	fumeroit, fumeroyt	fumerions, fumeryons	fumeriez, fumeryez	fumeroient, fumeroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	fume	fumes	fume	fumons	fumez	fument
	imperfect	fumasse	fumasses	fumast	fumassions	fumassiez	fumassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	fume	—	fumons	fumez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).