idiom
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- For Wiktionary's handling of idioms, see Wiktionary:Idioms
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle French idiome, and its source, Late Latin idioma, from Ancient Greek ἰδίωμα (idíōma, “a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom”), from ἰδιοῦσθαι (idioûsthai, “to make one's own, appropriate to oneself”), from ἴδιος (ídios, “one's own, pertaining to oneself, private, personal, peculiar, separate”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
idiom (countable and uncountable, plural idioms or idiomata)
- A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, person, or group of people.
- In English, idiom requires the indefinite article in a phrase such as "she's an engineer", whereas in Spanish, idiom forbids it.
- Some of the usage prescriptions improved clarity and were kept; others that yielded discordant violations of idiom were eventually revised.
- Synonyms: idiomaticness, idiomaticity
- A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context etc.
- In the idiom of the day, they were sutlers, although today they'd probably be called vendors.
- 2010, Christopher Hitchens, "The Other L-Word", Vanity Fair, 13 Jan 2010:
- Many parents and teachers have become irritated to the point of distraction at the way the weed-style growth of "like" has spread through the idiom of the young.
- An established expression whose meaning may not be not deducible from the literal meanings of its component words, often peculiar to a given language.
- She often spoke in idioms, pining for salad days and complaining about pots calling the kettle black.
- 2008, Patricia Hampl, “You’re History”, in Patricia Hampl and Elaine Tyler May (editors), Tell Me True: Memoir, History, and Writing a Life, Minnesota Historical Society, →ISBN, page 134:
- You’re history, we say […] . Surely it is an American idiom. Impossible to imagine a postwar European saying, “You’re history. . . . That’s history,” meaning fuhgeddaboudit, pal.
- An artistic style (for example, in art, architecture, or music); an instance of such a style.
- the idiom of the expressionists
- (programming) A programming construct or phraseology that is characteristic of the language.
- 2005, Magnus Lie Hetland, Beginning Python: From Novice to Professional, →ISBN, page 100:
- I have to use the same assignment and call to raw_input in two places. How can I avoid that? I can use the while True/break idiom: […]
Synonyms[edit]
- (language variety): dialect (loosely), language (loosely), languoid, lect, vernacular (loosely)
- (phrase): expression (loosely), form of words (loosely), idiotism, locution (loosely), phrase (loosely)
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
manner of speaking
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language variety
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idiomatic expression
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distinct style of art, etc
instance of such style
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See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- American idioms - a comprehensive list of idioms, browsable through alphabetical links. Includes parts of speech, definitions and example sentences.
- English and American Idioms - RSS subscription channel
- Glossary of Linguistics
- Today's English Idioms at GoEnglish.com
- idiom in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- idiom in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams[edit]
Czech[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
idiom m inan
- idiom (established expression whose meaning is not deducible from the literal meanings of its component words)
- 1972, Nový orient:
- Před běžným „Nashledanou", které Peršané vyjadřují slovy „nechť je Bůh vaším opatrovníkem", dáme přednost idiomu „vaše laskavost nebo pozornost je (byla) nesmírná" nebo „nechť se vysoká laskavost nezmenší" ...
- 1985, Studie a práce linguistické:
- Stejně málo významné byly pro IF pokusy přiblížit význam idiomů ve vágních pojmech přenesenosti, obraznosti, průhlednosti apod.
- 1996, Časopis pro moderní filologii:
- Trochu konzervativní český uživatel Schemannova slovníku bude možná zpočátku postrádat u některých idiomů jejich vysvětlení, jak byl zvyklý kupříkladu z dosud (do r. 1993) nejobsažnějšího slovníku tohoto typu ...
- 2005, Zdeněk Stříbrný, Proud času:
- Vyjádřil to pěkným anglickým idiomem „They have added insult to your injury“.
- 2014, František Čermák, Jazyk a slovník. Vybrané lingvistické studie:
- U idiomů pak můžeme postulovat existenci především početných sekundárních symbolů (otevřená hlava), popř. ikonů (kamenný obličej), méně často však už sekundárních indexů (co do, kór když).
- 1972, Nový orient:
Declension[edit]
Declension
Further reading[edit]
- idiom in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- idiom in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
- idiom in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz
- idiom in Nový encyklopedický slovník češtiny, czechency.org
- Česká frazeologie, Naše řeč (1984)
Indonesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
idiom (first-person possessive idiomku, second-person possessive idiommu, third-person possessive idiomnya)
- idiom (idiomatic expression)
- idiom (artistic style)
- (rare, dated) idiom (language or language variety)
Further reading[edit]
- “idiom” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Polish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
idiom m inan
- idiom (idiomatic expression)
- idiom (artistic style)
- (rare, dated) idiom (language or language variety)
Declension[edit]
declension of idiom
Romanian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
idiom n (plural idiomuri)
Declension[edit]
Declension of idiom
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
| nominative/accusative | (un) idiom | idiomul | (niște) idiomuri | idiomurile |
| genitive/dative | (unui) idiom | idiomului | (unor) idiomuri | idiomurilor |
| vocative | idiomule | idiomurilor | ||
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
idìōm m (Cyrillic spelling идѝо̄м)
- idiom (idiomatic expression)
- idiom (artistic style)
- (linguistics) idiom (language or language variety)
Declension[edit]
Categories:
- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Late Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with usage examples
- en:Programming
- English terms with quotations
- en:Figures of speech
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries
- Indonesian terms with rare senses
- Indonesian dated terms
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- Polish terms with rare senses
- Polish dated terms
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Linguistics