include

English

Alternative forms

• enclude (obsolete)

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

From Middle English includen, borrowed from Latin inclūdere (“to shut in, enclose, insert”), from in- (“in”) + claudere (“to shut”). Doublet of enclose.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪnˈkluːd/
• IPA^(key): /ɪnˈkluːd/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːd

Verb

1. To bring into a group, class, set, or total as a (new) part or member.

   I will purchase the vacation package if you will include car rental.

2. To contain, as parts of a whole; to comprehend.

   The vacation package includes car rental.

   Does this volume of Shakespeare include his sonnets?

   I was included in the invitation to the family gathering.

   up to and including page twenty-five

   • (Can we date this quote by John Milton and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     The whole included race, his purposed prey.

   • (Can we date this quote by William Shakespeare and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     The loss of such a lord includes all harm.

3. (obsolete) To enclose, confine. [from early 15th c.]
   • Template:RQ:RBrtn AntmyMlncly, New York, 2001, p.107:

     I could have here willingly ranged, but these straits wherein I am included will not permit.

4. (obsolete) To conclude; to terminate.
   • (Can we date this quote by William Shakespeare and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     Come, let us go; we will include all jars / With triumphs, mirth, and rare solemnity.

5. (programming) To use a directive that allows the use of source code from another file.

   You have to include the strings library to use this function.

Antonyms

• exclude

Related terms

• inclusion (noun)
• inclusive (adjective)
• includable
• includible
• include me out
• reinclude

Translations

to bring into as a part or member

• Bulgarian: включвам (bg) (vključvam)
• Catalan: incloure (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 包括 (zh) (bāokuò), 包含 (zh) (bāohán)

• Esperanto: ampleksi
• Finnish: sisällyttää
• French: inclure (fr), comprendre (fr)
• Galician: incluír (gl)
• German: einschließen (de), mit einbeziehen
• Greek: συμπεριλαμβάνω (el) (symperilamváno)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Latin: inclūdō
• Khmer: បញ្ចូល (km) (bɑñcoul)
• Macedonian: вклучува impf (vklučuva), вклучи pf (vkluči)
• Maori: whakauru, tapeke
• Pitcairn-Norfolk: enkluud
• Polish: dołączyć (pl) pf, dołączać (pl) impf, uwzględniać (pl) impf, wkluczać impf (obsolete)
• Portuguese: incluir (pt)
• Russian: включа́ть (ru) impf (vključátʹ), включи́ть (ru) pf (vključítʹ), присоединя́ть (ru) impf (prisojedinjátʹ), присоедини́ть (ru) pf (prisojedinítʹ)
• Spanish: incluir (es)
• Tagalog: isama
• Welsh: cynnwys (cy)

to contain, as part of a whole

• Arabic: تضمن (taḍammana)
• Bulgarian: обхващам (bg) (obhvaštam)
• Catalan: incloure (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 包括 (zh) (bāokuò), 包含 (zh) (bāohán)

• Esperanto: ampleksi
• Finnish: sisältää (fi), sisältyä (fi)
• French: inclure (fr), comprendre (fr)
• Galician: incluír (gl)
• German: einschließen (de), mit einbeziehen
• Greek: συμπεριλαμβάνω (el) (symperilamváno)
• Italian: includere (it), comprendere (it)
• Japanese: 含む (ja) (ふくむ, fukumu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Khmer: បញ្ចូល (km) (bɑñcoul)
• Korean: 포함하다 (ko) (pohamhada)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: گِرتِنەوە (girtinewe)

• Persian: شامل شدن (šâmel šodan), در بر داشتن (dar bar dâštan)
• Pitcairn-Norfolk: enkluud
• Polish: zawierać (pl) impf, zawrzeć (pl) pf
• Portuguese: incluir (pt)
• Russian: включа́ть (ru) impf (vključátʹ), включи́ть (ru) pf (vključítʹ), содержа́ть (ru) impf (soderžátʹ)
• Spanish: incluir (es)
• Vietnamese: bao gồm (vi)
• Welsh: cynnwys (cy)
• Yiddish: כּולל זײַן (koylel zayn)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Arabic: ^{(please verify)} ضَمّ (ḍamm)
• Czech: ^{(please verify)} zahrnout (cs)
• Dutch: ^{(please verify)} invoegen (nl), ^{(please verify)} bijvoegen (nl)
• Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} inkluzivi, ^{(please verify)} enhavi
• Ido: ^{(please verify)} inkluzar (io)
• Italian: ^{(please verify)} includere (it), ^{(please verify)} inserire (it), ^{(please verify)} aggiungere (it), ^{(please verify)} comprendere (it)
• Latin: ^{(please verify)} teneo (la)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Maori: ^{(please verify)} whakauru
• Persian: ^{(please verify)} در برداشتن, ^{(please verify)} شامل بودن (fa), ^{(please verify)} متضمن بودن, ^{(please verify)} قرار دادن (fa), ^{(please verify)} شمردن (fa), ^{(please verify)} به حساب آوردن, ^{(please verify)} شامل شدن, ^{(please verify)} دربر گرفتن, ^{(please verify)} گنجاندن (fa), ^{(please verify)} شامل کردن (šâmel kardan)
• Romanian: ^{(please verify)} include (ro)
• Scottish Gaelic: ^{(please verify)} gabh a-steach
• Spanish: ^{(please verify)} incluir (es)
• Swedish: ^{(please verify)} inkludera (sv), ^{(please verify)} innefatta (sv)
• Turkish: ^{(please verify)} içermek (tr), ^{(please verify)} dahil etmek

Noun

include (plural includes)

1. (programming) A piece of source code or other content that is dynamically retrieved for inclusion in another item.
   • 2006, Laura Lemay, Rafe Colburn, Sams Teach Yourself Web Publishing with HTML and CSS in One Hour a Day

     In the previous lesson, you learned how to use server-side includes, which enable you to easily include snippets of web pages within other web pages.

Anagrams

• clued-in, nuclide

---

Italian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ude

Verb

include

1. third-person singular indicative present of includere

Anagrams

• nuclide

---

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /inˈkluː.de/, [ɪŋˈkɫ̪uːd̪ɛ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /inˈklu.de/, [iŋˈkluːd̪e]

Verb

(deprecated template usage) inclūde

1. second-person singular present active imperative of inclūdō

---

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin includere. Doublet of the inherited închide.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /inˈklude/

Verb

a include (third-person singular present include, past participle inclus) 3rd conj.

1. to include

   Antonym: exclude

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• includere

Related terms

• închis
• inclus
• inclusiv
• incluziune