orka

See also: órka and orką

Cebuano

Etymology

From English orca, from Latin orca.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: or‧ka

Noun

orka

1. a killer whale (Orcinus orca)

Anagrams

• arko, karo, okra

Dutch

Orcinus orca

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin orca.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔr.kaː/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: or‧ka
• Rhymes: -ɔrkaː

Noun

orka m (plural orka's, diminutive orkaatje n)

1. killer whale, orca (Orcinus orca)

   Synonyms: ork, zwaardwalvis

Further reading

• orka on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^nl

Anagrams

• Arko, arko, koar

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse orka, from Proto-Germanic Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną. Cognate with English work.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɔɻ̥ka]

Noun

orka f (genitive singular orku)

1. strength, power

Declension

f1s	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	orka	orkan
accusative	orku	orkuna
dative	orku	orkuni
genitive	orku	orkunnar

Derived terms

• orkuframleiðsla

Verb

orka (third person singular past indicative orkaði, third person plural past indicative orkaðu, supine orkað)

1. to be able to

   Hann orkar betur at renna enn tú.

   He can run better than you.

Conjugation

Conjugation of orka (group v-30)

infinitive	orka
supine	orkað
	present	past
first singular	orki	orkaði
second singular	orkar	orkaði
third singular	orkar	orkaði
plural	orka	orkaðu
participle (a6)1	orkandi	orkaður
	imperative
singular	orka!
plural	orkið!

¹Only the past participle being declined.

Further reading

• "orka" at Sprotin.fo

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɔr̥ka]
• Rhymes: -ɔr̥ka

Etymology 1

From Old Norse orka, from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną. Doublet of yrkja.

Noun

orka f (genitive singular orku, no plural)

1. strength, power

   Synonyms: kraftur, afl

2. energy

   Synonym: afl

Declension

Declension of orka (sg-only feminine)

	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	orka	orkan
accusative	orku	orkuna
dative	orku	orkunni
genitive	orku	orkunnar

Derived terms

• orkugjafi (“energy source”)
• orkuleysi (“lack of energy; lethargy”)
• orkulína (“power line”)
• orkunýting (“energy use”)
• orkustöð (“power station”)
• orkuver (“power station”)

Verb

orka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative orkaði, supine orkað)

1. to affect, to influence [with dative]

Conjugation

orka – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að orka
supine sagnbót		orkað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		orkandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	orka	orkaði		orki	orkaði
	þú	orkar	orkaðir		orkir	orkaðir
	hann, hún, það	orkar	orkaði		orki	orkaði
plural	við	orkum	orkuðum		orkum	orkuðum
	þið	orkið	orkuðuð		orkið	orkuðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	orka	orkuðu		orki	orkuðu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	orka (þú), orkaðu
plural	þið	orkið (þið), orkiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

orkast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að orkast
supine sagnbót		orkast
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		orkandist (rare; see appendix)
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	orkast	orkaðist		orkist	orkaðist
	þú	orkast	orkaðist		orkist	orkaðist
	hann, hún, það	orkast	orkaðist		orkist	orkaðist
plural	við	orkumst	orkuðumst		orkumst	orkuðumst
	þið	orkist	orkuðust		orkist	orkuðust
	þeir, þær, þau	orkast	orkuðust		orkist	orkuðust
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	orkast (þú), orkastu
plural	þið	orkist (þið), orkisti1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

orkaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	orkaður	orkuð	orkað	orkaðir	orkaðar	orkuð
accusative (þolfall)	orkaðan	orkaða	orkað	orkaða	orkaðar	orkuð
dative (þágufall)	orkuðum	orkaðri	orkuðu	orkuðum	orkuðum	orkuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	orkaðs	orkaðrar	orkaðs	orkaðra	orkaðra	orkaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	orkaði	orkaða	orkaða	orkuðu	orkuðu	orkuðu
accusative (þolfall)	orkaða	orkuðu	orkaða	orkuðu	orkuðu	orkuðu
dative (þágufall)	orkaða	orkuðu	orkaða	orkuðu	orkuðu	orkuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	orkaða	orkuðu	orkaða	orkuðu	orkuðu	orkuðu

Derived terms

• orka á (“to influence [someone], to affect [someone]”)
• orka tvímælis (“to be doubtful”)

Etymology 2

Inflected form of orki (“orc”).

Noun

orka

1. indefinite accusative singular of orki
2. indefinite dative singular of orki
3. indefinite genitive singular of orki
4. indefinite accusative plural of orki
5. indefinite genitive plural of orki

Anagrams

• okra

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• orke
• årsk (Trøndelag eye dialect)

Etymology

Similar to Swedish orka

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔrka/
• (Trøndelag) IPA^(key): /ɔʂk/

Verb

orka (present tense orkar, past tense orka, past participle orka, passive infinitive orkast, present participle orkande, imperative orka/ork)

1. to bother to, to have energy to

   Synonyms: gidda, palla

References

• “orka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

orka

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔr.ka/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔrka
• Syllabification: or‧ka

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-ye-tider.

Proto-Balto-Slavic *árˀtei

Proto-Slavic *orti

Proto-Slavic *oràti

Old Polish orać

Polish orać

Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.

Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ

Proto-Slavic *-ъka

Old Polish -ka

Polish -ka

Polish orka

From orać + -ka.

Noun

orka f

1. (agriculture) ploughing; tilling
2. (colloquial) hard or exhausting work

Declension

Declension of orka

	singular
nominative	orka
genitive	orki
dative	orce
accusative	orkę
instrumental	orką
locative	orce
vocative	orko

Alternative forms

• órka (Central Greater Poland)

Derived terms

nouns

• orka na ugorze

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Latin orca.

Noun

orka f

1. killer whale (Orcinus orca)

   Synonyms: orka oceaniczna, miecznik

Declension

Declension of orka

	singular	plural
nominative	orka	orki
genitive	orki	orek
dative	orce	orkom
accusative	orkę	orki
instrumental	orką	orkami
locative	orce	orkach
vocative	orko	orki

Descendants

• → Kashubian: órka

Further reading

• “orka”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “orka”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[2] (in Polish)

Swedish

FWOTD – 14 February 2016

Etymology

From Old Swedish orka, from Old Norse orka, from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (English work), from Proto-Indo-European *wṛǵ-·.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔrˌka/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

orka (present orkar, preterite orkade, supine orkat, imperative orka)

1. (auxiliary verb) to have strength, will, or stamina enough

   Han orkade inte springa hela vägen

   He didn't have enough stamina to run all the way (and had to stop running)

   Orkar han?

   Can he do it? ("Does he have enough strength/will/stamina (depending on context) to do it?")

   Hon sprang allt vad hon orkade

   She ran as fast as she could ("all she had enough strength/will/stamina to")

   1. (auxiliary verb, colloquial) to be bothered to

      Jag orkar inte bry mig om det idag

      I can't be bothered ("don't have enough strength/will/stamina") to care about that today

   2. to have room for (be able to eat)

      Orkar du en till pannkaka?

      Do you have room for another pancake? ("Do you have enough strength/will/stamina for another pancake?")

   3. (with med (“with”)) to have strength, will, or stamina enough to deal with

      Jag orkar inte med honom

      I can't deal with him

      Jag orkar inte med hans tjat

      I can't stand his nagging

Conjugation

Conjugation of orka (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	orka		—
supine	orkat		—
imperative	orka		—
imper. plural1	orken		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	orkar	orkade	—	—
ind. plural1	orka	orkade	—	—
subjunctive2	orke	orkade	—	—
present participle		orkande
past participle		—

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Interjection

orka

1. (colloquial) Expresses unwillingness to do or deal with something (taxing).

   – Ta ut soporna, är du snäll. – Orka!

   – Take out the trash, please. – I can't be arsed! / It's too much work!

Usage notes

In modern colloquial language, particularly among younger speakers, the verb is often used as a statement of unwillingness or animosity according to the formula orka + <action> similar to how "as if" is used in US English. Example: Orka städa hela huset, "as if I'd clean the whole house". It can also be reduced to just orka as a shorthand response to indicate disinclination to something.

Synonyms

• gitta (dialectal)
• idas
• tya (archaic)
• palla

References

• “orka”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “orka”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “orka”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)