ouvrir

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French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle French ouvrir, from Old French ovrir, obrir, from Vulgar Latin *operīre, alteration of Classical Latin aperīre, present active infinitive of aperiō (“I open”), perhaps under the influence of cooperīre (“to cover”) (whence couvrir).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /u.vʁiʁ/
  • audio
    		(file)
  • (Louisiana) IPA(key): [uvæɾ], [ɾuvɾɪɾ]
  • Rhymes: -iʁ

Verb[edit]

ouvrir

  1. (transitive) to open
  2. (transitive) to begin
  3. (reflexive) to open, to begin
    La séquence s'ouvre sur une scène de nuit.
    The sequence opens with a night scene.

Conjugation[edit]

This verb is conjugated like couvrir and offrir. It is conjugated like a regular -er verb in the present and imperfect indicative, present subjunctive, imperative, and present participle; it is conjugated like a regular -ir verb in the infinitive, future indicative, conditional, past historic, and imperfect subjunctive; and its past participle ouvert is irregular.

Conjugation of ouvrir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple ouvrir
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple ouvrant
/u.vʁɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle ouvert
/u.vɛʁ/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present ouvre
/uvʁ/ 		ouvres
/uvʁ/ 		ouvre
/uvʁ/ 		ouvrons
/u.vʁɔ̃/ 		ouvrez
/u.vʁe/ 		ouvrent
/uvʁ/
imperfect ouvrais
/u.vʁɛ/ 		ouvrais
/u.vʁɛ/ 		ouvrait
/u.vʁɛ/ 		ouvrions
/u.vʁi.jɔ̃/ 		ouvriez
/u.vʁi.je/ 		ouvraient
/u.vʁɛ/
past historic2 ouvris
/u.vʁi/ 		ouvris
/u.vʁi/ 		ouvrit
/u.vʁi/ 		ouvrîmes
/u.vʁim/ 		ouvrîtes
/u.vʁit/ 		ouvrirent
/u.vʁiʁ/
future ouvrirai
/u.vʁi.ʁe/ 		ouvriras
/u.vʁi.ʁa/ 		ouvrira
/u.vʁi.ʁa/ 		ouvrirons
/u.vʁi.ʁɔ̃/ 		ouvrirez
/u.vʁi.ʁe/ 		ouvriront
/u.vʁi.ʁɔ̃/
conditional ouvrirais
/u.vʁi.ʁɛ/ 		ouvrirais
/u.vʁi.ʁɛ/ 		ouvrirait
/u.vʁi.ʁɛ/ 		ouvririons
/u.vʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ 		ouvririez
/u.vʁi.ʁje/ 		ouvriraient
/u.vʁi.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present ouvre
/uvʁ/ 		ouvres
/uvʁ/ 		ouvre
/uvʁ/ 		ouvrions
/u.vʁi.jɔ̃/ 		ouvriez
/u.vʁi.je/ 		ouvrent
/uvʁ/
imperfect2 ouvrisse
/u.vʁis/ 		ouvrisses
/u.vʁis/ 		ouvrît
/u.vʁi/ 		ouvrissions
/u.vʁi.sjɔ̃/ 		ouvrissiez
/u.vʁi.sje/ 		ouvrissent
/u.vʁis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — ouvre
/uvʁ/ 		— ouvrons
/u.vʁɔ̃/ 		ouvrez
/u.vʁe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is only usable with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

This verb is conjugated like couvrir and offrir. It is conjugated like a regular -er verb in the present and imperfect indicative, present subjunctive, imperative, and present participle; it is conjugated like a regular -ir verb in the infinitive, future indicative, conditional, past historic, and imperfect subjunctive; and its past participle ouvert is irregular.

Conjugation of s'ouvrir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple s'ouvrir
compound s'être + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple s'ouvrant
/su.vʁɑ̃/
compound ayant or étant + past participle
past participle ouvert
/u.vɛʁ/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present m'ouvre
/muvʁ/ 		t'ouvres
/tuvʁ/ 		s'ouvre
/suvʁ/ 		nous ouvrons
/nu.z‿u.vʁɔ̃/ 		vous ouvrez
/vu.z‿u.vʁe/ 		s'ouvrent
/suvʁ/
imperfect m'ouvrais
/mu.vʁɛ/ 		t'ouvrais
/tu.vʁɛ/ 		s'ouvrait
/su.vʁɛ/ 		nous ouvrions
/nu.z‿u.vʁi.jɔ̃/ 		vous ouvriez
/vu.z‿u.vʁi.je/ 		s'ouvraient
/su.vʁɛ/
past historic2 m'ouvris
/mu.vʁi/ 		t'ouvris
/tu.vʁi/ 		s'ouvrit
/su.vʁi/ 		nous ouvrîmes
/nu.z‿u.vʁim/ 		vous ouvrîtes
/vu.z‿u.vʁit/ 		s'ouvrirent
/su.vʁiʁ/
future m'ouvrirai
/mu.vʁi.ʁe/ 		t'ouvriras
/tu.vʁi.ʁa/ 		s'ouvrira
/su.vʁi.ʁa/ 		nous ouvrirons
/nu.z‿u.vʁi.ʁɔ̃/ 		vous ouvrirez
/vu.z‿u.vʁi.ʁe/ 		s'ouvriront
/su.vʁi.ʁɔ̃/
conditional m'ouvrirais
/mu.vʁi.ʁɛ/ 		t'ouvrirais
/tu.vʁi.ʁɛ/ 		s'ouvrirait
/su.vʁi.ʁɛ/ 		nous ouvririons
/nu.z‿u.vʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ 		vous ouvririez
/vu.z‿u.vʁi.ʁje/ 		s'ouvriraient
/su.vʁi.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of s'être + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of s'être + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of s'être + past participle
future perfect future of s'être + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of s'être + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present m'ouvre
/muvʁ/ 		t'ouvres
/tuvʁ/ 		s'ouvre
/suvʁ/ 		nous ouvrions
/nu.z‿u.vʁi.jɔ̃/ 		vous ouvriez
/vu.z‿u.vʁi.je/ 		s'ouvrent
/suvʁ/
imperfect2 m'ouvrisse
/mu.vʁis/ 		t'ouvrisses
/tu.vʁis/ 		s'ouvrît
/su.vʁi/ 		nous ouvrissions
/nu.z‿u.vʁi.sjɔ̃/ 		vous ouvrissiez
/vu.z‿u.vʁi.sje/ 		s'ouvrissent
/su.vʁis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of s'être + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of s'être + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — ouvre-toi
/uvʁ.twa/ 		— ouvrons-nous
/u.vʁɔ̃.nu/ 		ouvrez-vous
/u.vʁe.vu/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of s'être + past participle — simple imperative of s'être + past participle simple imperative of s'être + past participle —
1 The French gerund is only usable with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Antonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Middle French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old French ovrir.

Verb[edit]

ouvrir

  1. to open

Descendants[edit]

  • French: ouvrir
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