aperio
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Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Italic *apwerjō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, from”) (whence ab) + *h₂wer- (“to cover, shut”) + *-ye-.[1] Cognate with Sanskrit अपिवृणोति (apivṛṇoti, “to close, cover”), Oscan veru (“door”, pl.), Ancient Greek ἀείρω (aeírō, “to lift, raise”), Lithuanian atvérti (“to open”), Proto-Slavic *ot(ъ)verti (“to open”), and Old Armenian գեր (ger, “above, hyper-”). Related to operiō (“to cover”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /aˈpe.ri.oː/, [äˈpɛrioː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /aˈpe.ri.o/, [äˈpɛːrio]
Verb
[edit]aperiō (present infinitive aperīre, perfect active aperuī, supine apertum); fourth conjugation
- (literal) to uncover, make or lay bare, reveal, clear
- Synonym: adaperiō
- Antonyms: vēlō, dissimulō, occultō, indūcō, operiō, obnūbō, occulō, condō, recondō, verrō, obruō, adoperiō, nūbō, tegō, abdō, abscondō, cooperiō, premō, opprimō, mergō
- (figurative) to make visible, discover, show, reveal, lay open
- (figurative)
- to unclose, open, break open
- (figurative) to open, set up, establish, begin
- to open an entrance to, render accessible
- (transferred sense, to mental objects) to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, prove, demonstrate; (in general) to explain, recount
- to unclose, open, break open
Conjugation
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: apir, apiru, apiriri
- Megleno-Romanian: apir, apiriri
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- North Italian:
- Emilian: avrir, arvir
- Friulian: avierzi, aviergi (alternative orthography), vierzi, viergi (alternative orthography)
- Ligurian: arvî, aurī
- Romansch: avrir, arver (Sursilvan); earver, duvrir (Sutsilvan); darveir (Surmiran); rivir, drivir (Vallader), earver, avrir (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter); arver (Sursilvan); duvrir (Sutsilvan); darveir (Surmiran); rivir, drivir (Vallader), rivir, avrir (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter); arver (Sursilvan); earver, duvrir (Sutsilvan); darveir (Surmiran); drivir (Vallader)
- >? Venetian: vèrzar, averzir, avèrzer, avèrxer, vèrzer, vèrxer, vèrdher, verdar, verzar, verxar, verzxar
- Ibero-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *operīre (< aperīre (present active infinitive))
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- ⇒ With prepended d-:
- North Italian:
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan:
- Occitan:
- Occitan: durbir, drubir, dubrir, debrir, derbir
- Gascon: daubrir, draubir, daurir, daureisher
- Aranese: daurir
- Languedocien: durbir, dubrir, drubir, dobrir, derbir, dreber, dierber, dierbre, duerber
- Limousin: deibrir, dreibir, drubir, dubrir
- Provençal: drubir, durbir, duerber, derber, dorbir, duerbir
- Vivaro-Alpine: durbir, drubir, diuebre, durir
References
[edit]- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “aperiō, -īre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 46
Further reading
[edit]- “aperio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “aperio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- aperio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to open a route: viam patefacere, aperire
- to uncover one's head: caput aperire (opp. operire)
- to freely express one's opinions: sententiam suam aperire
- to make an obscure notion clear by means of definition: involutae rei notitiam definiendo aperire (Or. 33. 116)
- to explain one's sentiments: sententias (verbis) explicare, aperire
- to open a letter: epistulam solvere, aperire, resignare (of Romans also linum incīdere)
- to open, shut the door: ostium, fores aperire, claudere
- to open a route: viam patefacere, aperire
Categories:
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂epó
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂wer-
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin 4-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin verbs
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin terms with transferred senses
- Latin fourth conjugation verbs
- Latin fourth conjugation verbs with perfect in -u-
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook