sonus

See also: Sonus

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsonus/
• Rhymes: -onus
• Syllabification: so‧nus

Verb

sonus

1. conditional of soni

Ido

Verb

sonus

1. conditional of sonar

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *swonos, from Proto-Indo-European *swónh₂os, from the root *swenh₂- (“to sound”). The lack of the sound change *mo- > *ma- in open syllabels is potentially because the syllable was closed before the word-medial laryngeal. De Vaan alternatively reconstructs earlier *swenos, though he does consider it possible that the term was deverbal form sonō, sonāre. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *swanaz.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈsɔ.nʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈsɔː.nus]

Noun

sonus m (genitive sonī or sonūs); variously declined, second declension, fourth declension

1. sound, noise; pitch; speech
2. (figuratively) tone, character, style
3. (figuratively) voice, tongue
   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 2.119:

     Nunc mihi mīlle sonōs

     Now [grant] to me a thousand voices
     Now I could wish for a thousand tongues

Declension

Second-declension noun or fourth-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	sonus	sonī sonūs
genitive	sonī sonūs	sonōrum sonuum
dative	sonō sonuī	sonīs sonibus
accusative	sonum	sonōs sonūs
ablative	sonō sonū	sonīs sonibus
vocative	sone sonus	sonī sonūs

Derived terms

• sonipēs
• sonīvius

Related terms

• circumsonus
• sonābilis
• sonāns
• sonāx
• sonitō
• sonitus
• sonō
• sonor
• sonōrē
• sonōritās
• sonōrus

Descendants

• Aromanian: son
• Catalan: so
• Corsican: sonu
• Friulian: sun
• Galician: son
• Italian: suono, sono
  • → Italiot Greek: σόνο (sóno)
• Occitan: son
• Old French: son
  • French: son
  • → Middle English: sowne, sownde
    • English: sound
• Portuguese: som
• Romanian: sun
• Romansh: sun
• Sardinian: sonu
• Sicilian: sonu
• Spanish: son, sueno

Borrowings

• → Old English: sōn
• → Old Irish: son
• → Proto-Brythonic: *son
  • Breton: son, soun
  • Middle Cornish: son
    • Cornish: son
  • Middle Welsh: son, sson
    • Welsh: sôn

References

• “sonus, -ī (-ūs)”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sonus, -ī”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “sonus, -a, -um”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Sonus, -ī”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "sonus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “sonus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “sonus”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Middle Irish

Etymology

From sona (“prosperous, fortunate, lucky”) (from Old Irish sonae) + -us.

Noun

sonus m

1. good fortune, prosperity, happiness

Descendants

• Irish: sonas
• Manx: sonnys
• Scottish Gaelic: sonas

Mutation

Mutation of sonus

radical	lenition	nasalization
sonus	ṡonus	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Middle Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sonus”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Volapük

Noun

sonus

1. predicative plural of son