sona

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sona"

Languages (29)

English

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Atong (India) • Catalan • Cebuano • Chuukese • Crimean Tatar • Galician • Icelandic • Irish • Italian • Javanese • Latin • Lower Sorbian • Northern Ndebele • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Old Norse • Phuthi • Scottish Gaelic • Southern Ndebele • Swahili • Swazi • Swedish • Tetum • Turkish • Volapük • Xhosa • Zulu

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Page categories

English

Noun

sona (plural sonas)

1. (fandom slang) Clipping of fursona.
   • 2020, Kathy Merlock Jackson, Kathy Shepherd Stolley, Lisa Lyon Payne, Animals and Ourselves: Essays on Connections and Blurred Boundaries, McFarland, →ISBN:

     Especially interesting in this regard are furries with more than one fursona. […] Consider, for instance, how Muse describes his two fursonas: My two current sonas are a bat and a rabbit.

2. (fandom slang, by extension) Clipping of any term suffixed with -sona.
   • 2024 July 4, Scarlett Bittle, “What is a Sona?”, in CharacterHub‎^[1]:

     A sona’s main job is to represent the artist who created it. A sona is sort of like a self insert character in a fanfiction.

   • 2025 November 4, Holly Swinyard, Fans and Fandom: A Journey into the Passion and Power of Fan Culture‎^[2], Casemate Publishers, →ISBN:

     Look, if you didn't have a Sonic 'sona' (not that we called them that, all those moons ago when I was young) when you were a kid then have you really lived in fandom?

Anagrams

• Onas, Noas, AONs, Naso, Naos, naos, naso-, ONAs, Sano

Atong (India)

Etymology

From Bengali সোনা (śōna) or Hindi सोना (sonā), from Sanskrit सुवर्ण (suvarṇa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sʰona/

Noun

sona (Bengali script সোনা)

1. gold

References

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈsɔ.nə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈsɔ.na]
• Rhymes: -ɔna

Verb

sona

1. inflection of sonar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Cebuano

Etymology

From English zone, from Latin zōna, from Ancient Greek ζώνη (zṓnē, “girdle, belt”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: so‧na

Noun

sona

1. a zone; a given area distinguished on the basis of a particular characteristic, use, restriction, etc.

Chuukese

Verb

sona

1. (intransitive) to steal

Crimean Tatar

Noun

sona (accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])

1. wasp

Galician

Etymology

Attested since 1708. From son (“sound”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsona/ [ˈs̺o.nɐ]
• Rhymes: -ona
• Hyphenation: so‧na

Noun

sona f (plural sonas)

1. rumor; word of mouth
2. fame; reputation

   Synonyms: fama, nome, reputación

References

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “sona”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “sona”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “sona”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Icelandic

Noun

sona

1. indefinite genitive plural of sonur

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish sonae.

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ˈsˠɔn̪ˠə/, /ˈsˠɞn̪ˠə/
• (Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈsˠʊnˠə/, /ˈsˠʊn̪ˠə/

Adjective

sona

1. happy

Declension

Declension of sona

Positive	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	strong noun	weak noun
nominative	sona	shona	sona; shona2
vocative	shona		sona
genitive		sona	sona	sona
dative	sona; shona1	shona	sona; shona2
Comparative	níos sona
Superlative	is sona

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

• sonas (“happiness”)
• lá breithe sona dhuit (“happy birthday”)
• Nollaig shona (“Merry Christmas”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of sona

radical	lenition	eclipsis
sona	shona after an, tsona	not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “sona”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Italian

Verb

sona

1. inflection of sonare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams

• Naos, Naso, Sanò, anso, ansò, naso, naso-, sano, sanò

Javanese

Romanization

sona

1. romanization of ꦱꦺꦴꦤ

Latin

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

sōna f (genitive sōnae); first declension

1. Old Latin form of zōna

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	sōna	sōnae
genitive	sōnae	sōnārum
dative	sōnae	sōnīs
accusative	sōnam	sōnās
ablative	sōnā	sōnīs
vocative	sōna	sōnae

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sonā

1. second-person singular present active imperative of sonō

References

• "sona", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɔna/

Noun

sona

1. inflection of son:
   1. genitive/accusative singular
   2. nominative dual

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni *soná.

Pronoun

soná

1. he, she, him, her, it; class 7 absolute pronoun.

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• sonen

Noun

sona m or f

1. definite feminine singular of sone

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

sona f

1. definite singular of sone

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *sānō. Related to Old Norse senn, Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐍃 (suns).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsoː.nɑ/

Adverb

sōna

1. immediately, straightaway
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Sebastian, Martyr"

     Hwæt ða nicostratus wearð swiðe afyrht þa ða he þæt wundor ge-seah on his wife gedon and feol adune sona to sebastianes fotum...

     Then Nicostratus was greatly afraid, when he saw the miracle wrought on his wife, and immediately fell down at Sebastian's feet,...

Synonyms

• samtinges

Descendants

• English: soon

Old Norse

Noun

sona

1. genitive plural of sonr

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni *soná.

Pronoun

soná

1. he, she, him, her, it; class 7 absolute pronoun.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish sonae.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɔnə]

Adjective

sona

1. happy

   Tha mi cho sona ri bròig! ― I’m as happy as a shoe!

2. fortunate, lucky

Derived terms

• cho sona ri bròg
• co-latha breith sona

Mutation

Mutation of sona

radical	lenition
sona	shona after "an", t-sona

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni *soná.

Pronoun

soná

1. he, she, him, her, it; class 7 absolute pronoun.

Swahili

Verb

-sona (infinitive kusona)

1. to relax, rest

Conjugation

Conjugation of -sona
Positive present -nasona Subjunctive -sone Negative -soni Imperative singular sona
Infinitives
Positive kusona Negative kutosona
Imperatives
Singular sona Plural soneni
Tensed forms
Habitual husona Positive past positive subject concord + -lisona Negative past negative subject concord + -kusona
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasona) Singular Plural 1st person ninasona/nasona tunasona 2nd person unasona mnasona 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anasona wanasona other classes positive subject concord + -nasona
Negative present (negative subject concord + -soni) Singular Plural 1st person sisoni hatusoni 2nd person husoni hamsoni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hasoni hawasoni other classes negative subject concord + -soni
Positive future positive subject concord + -tasona Negative future negative subject concord + -tasona
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sone) Singular Plural 1st person nisone tusone 2nd person usone msone 3rd person m-wa(I/II) asone wasone other classes positive subject concord + -sone
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sisone Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngesona Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singesona Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalisona Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalisona
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asona) Singular Plural 1st person nasona twasona 2nd person wasona mwasona 3rd person m-wa(I/II) asona wasona m-mi(III/IV) wasona yasona ji-ma(V/VI) lasona yasona ki-vi(VII/VIII) chasona vyasona n(IX/X) yasona zasona u(XI) wasona see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwasona pa(XVI) pasona mu(XVIII) mwasona
Perfect positive subject concord + -mesona "Already" positive subject concord + -meshasona "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jasona "If/When" positive subject concord + -kisona "If not" positive subject concord + -siposona Consecutive kasona / positive subject concord + -kasona Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kasone
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nisona -tusona 2nd person -kusona -wasona/-kusoneni/-wasoneni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -msona -wasona m-mi(III/IV) -usona -isona ji-ma(V/VI) -lisona -yasona ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kisona -visona n(IX/X) -isona -zisona u(XI) -usona see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kusona pa(XVI) -pasona mu(XVIII) -musona Reflexive -jisona
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sona- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -sonaye -sonao m-mi(III/IV) -sonao -sonayo ji-ma(V/VI) -sonalo -sonayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -sonacho -sonavyo n(IX/X) -sonayo -sonazo u(XI) -sonao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -sonako pa(XVI) -sonapo mu(XVIII) -sonamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sona) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yesona -osona m-mi(III/IV) -osona -yosona ji-ma(V/VI) -losona -yosona ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chosona -vyosona n(IX/X) -yosona -zosona u(XI) -osona see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kosona pa(XVI) -posona mu(XVIII) -mosona
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Nominal derivations:
  • usono (“resting”)

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni *soná.

Pronoun

soná

1. he, she, him, her, it; class 7 absolute pronoun.

Swedish

Verb

sona (present sonar, preterite sonade, supine sonat, imperative sona)

1. to atone (to make reparation for a crime or the like)
2. (by extension) to pay (face consequences)

   Han ska få sona sina brott!

   He will pay for his crimes!

Conjugation

Conjugation of sona (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	sona		sonas
supine	sonat		sonats
imperative	sona		—
imper. plural1	sonen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	sonar	sonade	sonas	sonades
ind. plural1	sona	sonade	sonas	sonades
subjunctive2	sone	sonade	sones	sonades
present participle		sonande
past participle		sonad

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Related terms

• försona

References

• sona in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• sona in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• sona in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• nosa, onas

Tetum

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saŋelaʀ.

Verb

sona

1. to fry

Etymology 2

Maybe the same as above.

Verb

sona

1. to puncture, to pierce
2. to stab

Turkish

Noun

sona

1. dative singular of son

Volapük

Noun

sona

1. genitive singular of son

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni *soná.

Pronoun

soná

1. he, she, him, her, it; class 7 absolute pronoun.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni *soná.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /soːná/

Pronoun

soná

1. he, she, him, her, it; class 7 absolute pronoun.

Inflection

Stem -so, poss. stem -só (locative kúso)

full form	soná
locative	kúso
copulative	yíso
Possessive forms
	modifier	substantive
class 1	wâso	ówâso
class 2	bâso	ábâso
class 3	wâso	ówâso
class 4	yâso	éyâso
class 5	lâso	élâso
class 6	âso	áwâso
class 7	sâso	ésâso
class 8	zâso	ézâso
class 9	yâso	éyâso
class 10	zâso	ézâso
class 11	lwâso	ólwâso
class 14	bâso	óbâso
class 15	kwâso	ókwâso
class 17	kwâso	ókwâso

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “sona”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “sona (6.3)”