surplus

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French sorplus. Compare French surplus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɝˌplʌs/, /ˈsɝpləs/
• IPA^(key): /ˈsɜːpləs/
• Hyphenation: sur‧plus

Noun

surplus (countable and uncountable, plural surpluses or surplusses)

1. That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus.
2. Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government.
3. (law) The remainder of a fund appropriated for a particular purpose.
4. (law) assets left after liabilities and debts, including capital stock have been deducted.

Synonyms

• oversum

Antonyms

• lack
• deficit

Translations

excess, overplus

• Bulgarian: изли́шък (bg) m (izlíšǎk)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 过剩 (zh) (guòshèng)

• Czech: přebytek m, nadbytek (cs) m
• Dutch: overschot (nl) n
• Esperanto: pluso
• Finnish: ylijäämä (fi)
• French: surplus (fr) m
• German: Überschuss (de) m, Rest (de) m
• Greek: πλεόνασμα (el) n (pleónasma)
• Hebrew: עודף ('ódef)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Irish: brabach m
• Japanese: 余り (ja) (あまり, amari), 余剰 (yojō)
• Maori: tuhene, hemihemi
• Portuguese: excesso (pt) m, excedente (pt) m
• Russian: изли́шек (ru) m (izlíšek), избы́ток (ru) m (izbýtok)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Roman: víšak (sh) m

• Spanish: sobra (es) f
• Swedish: överskott (sv) n
• Tagalog: labis (tl)

funds in public treasury greater than ordinary needs

• Armenian: հավելուրդ (hy) (havelurd)
• Catalan: superàvit m
• Finnish: ylijäämä (fi)
• French: excédentaire (fr) m
• Greek: πλεόνασμα (el) n (pleónasma), περίσσευμα (el) n (períssevma)
• Japanese: ^{(please verify)} 剰余金 (ja) (じょうよきん, jōyokin)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: superavit (pt) m
• Russian: профици́т (ru) m (proficít)
• Spanish: superávit (es) m
• Swedish: överskott (sv) n
• Tagalog: labis (tl)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Italian: ^{(please verify)} avanzo (it) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Ukrainian: ^{(please verify)} ли́шок m (lýšok), ^{(please verify)} зайвина́ f (zajvyná), ^{(please verify)} ре́шта f (réšta)

Adjective

surplus (not comparable)

1. Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient

   surplus revenues

   surplus population

   surplus words

   It is surplus to our needs

   • 2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist‎^[1], volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):

     An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.

Translations

being a surplus

• Finnish: ylijäämä- (fi), ylimääräinen (fi)
• Greek: πλεονάζων (el) m (pleonázon), παραπανήσιος (el) m (parapanísios)
• Maori: tuhene
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: overflødig (no)

  Nynorsk: overflødig

• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: excedente (pt) m
• Russian: профицит (ru) m (proficit)
• Spanish: sobrante (es), excedente (es)

Verb

surplus (third-person singular simple present surpluses or surplusses, present participle surplussing or surplusing, simple past and past participle surplussed or surplused)

1. To treat as surplus to requirements, to sell off.

Anagrams

• upslurs

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French

Etymology

From sur- +‎ plus

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /syʁ.ply/

Noun

surplus m (plural surplus)

1. surplus

Descendants

• → Italian: surplus

Further reading

• “surplus”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from French surplus.

Noun

surplus m (uncountable)

1. surplus (all senses)