tympanum

English

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin tympanum, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Ancient Greek τύμπανον (túmpanon), from τύπτω (túptō, “I strike, I hit”).

Noun

tympanum (plural tympanums or tympana)

1. (architecture) A triangular space between the sides of a pediment.
2. (architecture) The space within an arch, and above a lintel or a subordinate arch, spanning the opening below the arch.
   • 2005, Alan Hollinghurst, The Line of Beauty, Bloomsbury Publishing, paperback, page 9

     It was a black-and-white picture of a Romanesque doorway, with flanking saints and a lively Last Judgement in the tympanum [...].

3. The middle ear.
4. The eardrum.
5. (anatomy) A hearing organ in frogs, toads and some insects.
6. (anatomy) In certain birds, the labyrinth at the bottom of the windpipe.
7. (engineering) A drum-shaped wheel with spirally curved partitions by which water is raised to the axis when the wheel revolves with the lower part of the circumference submerged; used for raising water, as for irrigation.

Translations

triangular space between the sides of a pediment

• Arabic: قلب القوصرة (qalb alqawsara)
• Azerbaijani: təmpanum, timpan
• Belarusian: тымпан m (tympan)
• Bengali: মধ্যকর্ণ (madhyakarṇa)
• Catalan: timpà m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 鼓室 (zh) (gǔshì)

• Danish: tympanon
• Finnish: tympanon (fi), tympaani
• German: Tympanum m
• Greek: τύμπανο (el) n (týmpano)
• Hebrew: תוֹף הַאוֹזֶן m
• Hindi: कान का पर्दा (kān kā pardā)
• Icelandic: gaflflötur m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: timpano (it) m
• Kannada: ಟೈಂಪಾನಮ್ (ṭaimpānam)
• Kazakh: тимпанум (timpanum)
• Korean: 진동판 (ko) (jindongpan)
• Luxembourgish: Tympanum
• Macedonian: тимпан m (timpan)
• Polish: tympanon (pl) m
• Romanian: timpan (ro) m
• Russian: тимпан (ru) m (timpan)
• Tagalog: timpano (tl)
• Thai: หูตอนใน (hū txn nı)
• Turkish: kulak davulu (tr)
• Uzbek: timpanum
• Vietnamese: chứng màng nhĩ
• Yiddish: טימפּאַנום m (timpanum)

middle ear — see middle ear

eardrum — see eardrum

hearing organ

• Vietnamese: màng nhĩ (vi), màng tai (vi)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}

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Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τύμπανον (túmpanon), from τύπτω (túptō, “I strike, beat”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈtym.pa.num/, [ˈt̪ʏmpänʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtim.pa.num/, [ˈt̪impänum]

Noun

tympanum n (genitive tympanī); second declension

1. drum, timbrel, tambour, tambourine

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tympanum	tympana
Genitive	tympanī	tympanōrum
Dative	tympanō	tympanīs
Accusative	tympanum	tympana
Ablative	tympanō	tympanīs
Vocative	tympanum	tympana

Descendants

• Catalan: timpà
• English: tympanum
• French: tympan
• Galician: tímpano
• Irish: tiompán

• Italian: timpano
• Old English: timpan
• Portuguese: tímpano
• Spanish: tímpano

References

• “tympanum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tympanum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tympanum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• tympanum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “tympanum”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[1]
• “tympanum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “tympanum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin