vaha

See also: Vähä, vähä, váha, váhá, and vähä-

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vaha, from Proto-Germanic *wahsą or Proto-Baltic *waksa, *vakša. Compare English wax and Latvian vasks, respectively.

Noun

vaha (genitive vaha, partitive vaha)

1. wax

Declension

Declension of vaha (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		vaha	vahad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	vaha
genitive			vahade
partitive		vaha	vahasid
illative		vahha vahasse	vahadesse
inessive		vahas	vahades
elative		vahast	vahadest
allative		vahale	vahadele
adessive		vahal	vahadel
ablative		vahalt	vahadelt
translative		vahaks	vahadeks
terminative		vahani	vahadeni
essive		vahana	vahadena
abessive		vahata	vahadeta
comitative		vahaga	vahadega

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʋɑhɑ/, [ˈʋɑ̝ɦɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑhɑ
• Syllabification^(key): va‧ha
• Hyphenation^(key): va‧ha

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *vaha, borrowed either from Proto-Germanic *wahsą, from Proto-Baltic *vakša (compare Latvian vasks), or all three are from a substrate language.

Noun

vaha

1. wax

Declension

Inflection of vaha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		vaha	vahat
genitive		vahan	vahojen
partitive		vahaa	vahoja
illative		vahaan	vahoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		vaha	vahat
accusative	nom.	vaha	vahat
	gen.	vahan
genitive		vahan	vahojen vahain rare
partitive		vahaa	vahoja
inessive		vahassa	vahoissa
elative		vahasta	vahoista
illative		vahaan	vahoihin
adessive		vahalla	vahoilla
ablative		vahalta	vahoilta
allative		vahalle	vahoille
essive		vahana	vahoina
translative		vahaksi	vahoiksi
abessive		vahatta	vahoitta
instructive		—	vahoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of vaha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative vahani vahani accusative nom. vahani vahani gen. vahani genitive vahani vahojeni vahaini rare partitive vahaani vahojani inessive vahassani vahoissani elative vahastani vahoistani illative vahaani vahoihini adessive vahallani vahoillani ablative vahaltani vahoiltani allative vahalleni vahoilleni essive vahanani vahoinani translative vahakseni vahoikseni abessive vahattani vahoittani instructive — — comitative — vahoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative vahasi vahasi accusative nom. vahasi vahasi gen. vahasi genitive vahasi vahojesi vahaisi rare partitive vahaasi vahojasi inessive vahassasi vahoissasi elative vahastasi vahoistasi illative vahaasi vahoihisi adessive vahallasi vahoillasi ablative vahaltasi vahoiltasi allative vahallesi vahoillesi essive vahanasi vahoinasi translative vahaksesi vahoiksesi abessive vahattasi vahoittasi instructive — — comitative — vahoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative vahamme vahamme accusative nom. vahamme vahamme gen. vahamme genitive vahamme vahojemme vahaimme rare partitive vahaamme vahojamme inessive vahassamme vahoissamme elative vahastamme vahoistamme illative vahaamme vahoihimme adessive vahallamme vahoillamme ablative vahaltamme vahoiltamme allative vahallemme vahoillemme essive vahanamme vahoinamme translative vahaksemme vahoiksemme abessive vahattamme vahoittamme instructive — — comitative — vahoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative vahanne vahanne accusative nom. vahanne vahanne gen. vahanne genitive vahanne vahojenne vahainne rare partitive vahaanne vahojanne inessive vahassanne vahoissanne elative vahastanne vahoistanne illative vahaanne vahoihinne adessive vahallanne vahoillanne ablative vahaltanne vahoiltanne allative vahallenne vahoillenne essive vahananne vahoinanne translative vahaksenne vahoiksenne abessive vahattanne vahoittanne instructive — — comitative — vahoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative vahansa vahansa accusative nom. vahansa vahansa gen. vahansa genitive vahansa vahojensa vahainsa rare partitive vahaansa vahojaan vahojansa inessive vahassaan vahassansa vahoissaan vahoissansa elative vahastaan vahastansa vahoistaan vahoistansa illative vahaansa vahoihinsa adessive vahallaan vahallansa vahoillaan vahoillansa ablative vahaltaan vahaltansa vahoiltaan vahoiltansa allative vahalleen vahallensa vahoilleen vahoillensa essive vahanaan vahanansa vahoinaan vahoinansa translative vahakseen vahaksensa vahoikseen vahoiksensa abessive vahattaan vahattansa vahoittaan vahoittansa instructive — — comitative — vahoineen vahoinensa

Derived terms

• vahainen
• vahakas
• vahamainen
• vahas
• vahata

compounds

• autovaha
• hiusvaha
• kalustevaha
• karnaubavaha
• kiillotusvaha
• kittivaha
• korvavaha
• kynttilävaha
• lattiavaha
• mehiläisvaha
• merenvaha
• muovailuvaha
• partavaha
• sinettivaha
• vahagalleria
• vahakabinetti
• vahakakku
• vahakangas
• vahakoisa
• vahakukka
• vahakuva
• vahakynttilä
• vahalieriö
• vahaliitu
• vahamaalaus
• vahanokka
• vahanukke
• vahapaperi
• vahapapu
• vahapatsas
• vahasara
• vahataulu
• vahatulppa
• vahavalu
• vahaveistos
• valaanpäävaha
• viiksivaha
• villavaha

Further reading

• “vaha”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 4 July 2023

Etymology 2

Possibly related to Estonian -va seen in some place names, in which case from Proto-Finnic.

Noun

vaha (obsolete, dialectal, Western Finnish)

1. large rock, boulder, borderstone

   Synonyms: kallio (“(large) rock, cliff face”), lohkare (“boulder, large rock”), rajakivi (“borderstone”)

   • 1642, Biblia: Se on: Coco Pyhä Ramattu Suomexi [The Bible, i.e. the entire Holy Bible in Finnish], Hiobin kirja (Job) 14:18:

     Wuori caatu ja cato/ ja waha sijrty siastans.

     [Vuori kaatu[i] ja kato[i], ja vaha siirty[i] sijastans[a].]

     And surely the mountains falling cometh to nought, and the rock is removed out of his place.

Declension

Inflection of vaha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		vaha	vahat
genitive		vahan	vahojen
partitive		vahaa	vahoja
illative		vahaan	vahoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		vaha	vahat
accusative	nom.	vaha	vahat
	gen.	vahan
genitive		vahan	vahojen vahain rare
partitive		vahaa	vahoja
inessive		vahassa	vahoissa
elative		vahasta	vahoista
illative		vahaan	vahoihin
adessive		vahalla	vahoilla
ablative		vahalta	vahoilta
allative		vahalle	vahoille
essive		vahana	vahoina
translative		vahaksi	vahoiksi
abessive		vahatta	vahoitta
instructive		—	vahoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of vaha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative vahani vahani accusative nom. vahani vahani gen. vahani genitive vahani vahojeni vahaini rare partitive vahaani vahojani inessive vahassani vahoissani elative vahastani vahoistani illative vahaani vahoihini adessive vahallani vahoillani ablative vahaltani vahoiltani allative vahalleni vahoilleni essive vahanani vahoinani translative vahakseni vahoikseni abessive vahattani vahoittani instructive — — comitative — vahoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative vahasi vahasi accusative nom. vahasi vahasi gen. vahasi genitive vahasi vahojesi vahaisi rare partitive vahaasi vahojasi inessive vahassasi vahoissasi elative vahastasi vahoistasi illative vahaasi vahoihisi adessive vahallasi vahoillasi ablative vahaltasi vahoiltasi allative vahallesi vahoillesi essive vahanasi vahoinasi translative vahaksesi vahoiksesi abessive vahattasi vahoittasi instructive — — comitative — vahoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative vahamme vahamme accusative nom. vahamme vahamme gen. vahamme genitive vahamme vahojemme vahaimme rare partitive vahaamme vahojamme inessive vahassamme vahoissamme elative vahastamme vahoistamme illative vahaamme vahoihimme adessive vahallamme vahoillamme ablative vahaltamme vahoiltamme allative vahallemme vahoillemme essive vahanamme vahoinamme translative vahaksemme vahoiksemme abessive vahattamme vahoittamme instructive — — comitative — vahoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative vahanne vahanne accusative nom. vahanne vahanne gen. vahanne genitive vahanne vahojenne vahainne rare partitive vahaanne vahojanne inessive vahassanne vahoissanne elative vahastanne vahoistanne illative vahaanne vahoihinne adessive vahallanne vahoillanne ablative vahaltanne vahoiltanne allative vahallenne vahoillenne essive vahananne vahoinanne translative vahaksenne vahoiksenne abessive vahattanne vahoittanne instructive — — comitative — vahoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative vahansa vahansa accusative nom. vahansa vahansa gen. vahansa genitive vahansa vahojensa vahainsa rare partitive vahaansa vahojaan vahojansa inessive vahassaan vahassansa vahoissaan vahoissansa elative vahastaan vahastansa vahoistaan vahoistansa illative vahaansa vahoihinsa adessive vahallaan vahallansa vahoillaan vahoillansa ablative vahaltaan vahaltansa vahoiltaan vahoiltansa allative vahalleen vahallensa vahoilleen vahoillensa essive vahanaan vahanansa vahoinaan vahoinansa translative vahakseen vahaksensa vahoikseen vahoiksensa abessive vahattaan vahattansa vahoittaan vahoittansa instructive — — comitative — vahoineen vahoinensa

Derived terms

• Vahala

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vaha. Cognates include Finnish vaha and Estonian vaha.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈʋɑhɑ/, [ˈʋɑhɑˑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈʋɑhɑ/, [ˈʋɑɣ̥ɑˑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑhɑ
• Hyphenation: va‧ha

Noun

vaha

1. beeswax

Declension

Declension of vaha (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	vaha	vahat
genitive	vahan	vahhoin
partitive	vahhaa	vahoja
illative	vahhaa	vahhoi
inessive	vahas	vahois
elative	vahast	vahoist
allative	vahalle	vahoille
adessive	vahal	vahoil
ablative	vahalt	vahoilt
translative	vahaks	vahoiks
essive	vahanna, vahhaan	vahoinna, vahhoin
exessive1)	vahant	vahoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

• vahain
• vahata

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 629

Karelian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vaha, borrowed either from Proto-Germanic *wahsą or Proto-Baltic *waksa, *vakša. Compare English wax and Latvian vasks, respectively.

Noun

vaha

1. wax

Spanish

Verb

vaha

1. inflection of vahar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Tahitian

Etymology

Cognate with Hawaiian waha and Rapa Nui haha.

Noun

vaha

1. mouth

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish واحه (vahā), from Arabic وَاحَة (wāḥa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɑ.ˈhɑ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

vaha (definite accusative vahayı, plural vahalar)

1. oasis

Declension

Declension of vaha

singular plural nominative vaha vahalar definite accusative vahayı vahaları dative vahaya vahalara locative vahada vahalarda ablative vahadan vahalardan genitive vahanın vahaların Possessive forms nominative singular plural 1st singular vaham vahalarım 2nd singular vahan vahaların 3rd singular vahası vahaları 1st plural vahamız vahalarımız 2nd plural vahanız vahalarınız 3rd plural vahaları vahaları definite accusative singular plural 1st singular vahamı vahalarımı 2nd singular vahanı vahalarını 3rd singular vahasını vahalarını 1st plural vahamızı vahalarımızı 2nd plural vahanızı vahalarınızı 3rd plural vahalarını vahalarını dative singular plural 1st singular vahama vahalarıma 2nd singular vahana vahalarına 3rd singular vahasına vahalarına 1st plural vahamıza vahalarımıza 2nd plural vahanıza vahalarınıza 3rd plural vahalarına vahalarına locative singular plural 1st singular vahamda vahalarımda 2nd singular vahanda vahalarında 3rd singular vahasında vahalarında 1st plural vahamızda vahalarımızda 2nd plural vahanızda vahalarınızda 3rd plural vahalarında vahalarında ablative singular plural 1st singular vahamdan vahalarımdan 2nd singular vahandan vahalarından 3rd singular vahasından vahalarından 1st plural vahamızdan vahalarımızdan 2nd plural vahanızdan vahalarınızdan 3rd plural vahalarından vahalarından genitive singular plural 1st singular vahamın vahalarımın 2nd singular vahanın vahalarının 3rd singular vahasının vahalarının 1st plural vahamızın vahalarımızın 2nd plural vahanızın vahalarınızın 3rd plural vahalarının vahalarının Predicative forms singular plural 1st singular vahayım vahalarım 2nd singular vahasın vahalarsın 3rd singular vaha vahadır vahalar vahalardır 1st plural vahayız vahalarız 2nd plural vahasınız vahalarsınız 3rd plural vahalar vahalardır

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vaha, borrowed either from Proto-Germanic *wahsą or Proto-Baltic *waksa, *vakša. Compare English wax and Latvian vasks, respectively.

Noun

vaha

1. wax

Inflection

Inflection of vaha (inflection type 6/kuva)
nominative sing.	vaha
genitive sing.	vahan
partitive sing.	vahad
partitive plur.	—
	singular	plural
nominative	vaha	—
accusative	vahan	—
genitive	vahan	—
partitive	vahad	—
essive-instructive	vahan	—
translative	vahaks	—
inessive	vahas	—
elative	vahaspäi	—
illative	vahaze	—
adessive	vahal	—
ablative	vahalpäi	—
allative	vahale	—
abessive	vahata	—
comitative	vahanke	—
prolative	vahadme	—
approximative I	vahanno	—
approximative II	vahannoks	—
egressive	vahannopäi	—
terminative I	vahazesai	—
terminative II	vahalesai	—
terminative III	vahassai	—
additive I	vahazepäi	—
additive II	vahalepäi	—

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “воск”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[2], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vaha.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈvɑhɑ/, [ˈvɑhɑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑhɑ
• Hyphenation: va‧ha

Noun

vaha

1. wax

Inflection

Declension of vaha (type III/jalkõ, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	vaha	vahad
genitive	vaha	vahojõ, vahoi
partitive	vahha	vahoitõ, vahoi
illative	vahhasõ, vahha	vahoisõ
inessive	vahaz	vahoiz
elative	vahassõ	vahoissõ
allative	vahalõ	vahoilõ
adessive	vahallõ	vahoillõ
ablative	vahaltõ	vahoiltõ
translative	vahassi	vahoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “vaha”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn