かす

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See also: かず

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Alternative spellings



Possibly from Old Japanese. First cited to the Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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かす or カス (kasu

  1. [from 934] , : in sake production, the dregs or lees left over after extracting the liquid from the fermented rice mash
    Synonyms: 酒粕 (sake kasu), (sake no kasu)
  2. [from 934] , : the sediment, impurities, dregs, or lees on the bottom of a container after a liquid has settled
    Synonyms: (ori), (odomi)
  3. [from 1002] , : anything left over after everything useful or good has been extracted
    Synonyms: (waste, dross) (kuzu), (leftovers, dross) 残り屑 (nokorikuzu)
  4. [from 1786] , : (derogatory) insulting reference to a person
  5. [from 1786] , : (playing cards) in 花札 (hanafuda, traditional Japanese flower playing cards), a one-point card, a garbage card
    Synonym: (garbage card) かすふだ (kasufuda)
  6. [from 1820] , : (figurative) a scolding, terrible criticism (only used in this sense in the set phrase (かす)(), (かす)() (kasu o kuu, literally to eat the dregs))
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of かす – see the following entry.
貸す
[verb] to lend; to let someone use
[verb] to lease
[verb] (American English) to rent out; (British English) to hire out
(This term, かす (kasu), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.)
For a list of all kanji read as かす, see Category:Japanese kanji read as かす.)

Etymology 3

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Any of various Chinese-derived terms.

For pronunciation and definitions of かす – see the following entries.
化す
[verb] change into
科す
[verb] to inflict; to impose (a fine, etc.)​
課す
[verb] impose, such as a tax
(This term, かす (kasu), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)
For a list of all kanji read as かす, see Category:Japanese kanji read as かす.)

(The following entries are uncreated: 架す, 嫁す, 痂す, 呵す.)

References

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  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN