する
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Contents |
Japanese [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From su (“do”). As with all verbs, during Middle Japanese the conclusive was gradually replaced by the attributive, realigning the conjugations.
Verb [edit]
する (irregular conjugation, kanji 為る, romaji suru)
Usage notes [edit]
- The verb する is seldom written in kanji (為る).
- It is common to use する after certain nouns to indicate that the noun is being done; this is highly productive, meaning many verbs can be derived from nouns in this way, comparable to English -ly:
- 失礼 (shitsurei, "rudeness") → 失礼する (shitsurei suru, "to commit a rudeness → to be rude")
- 旅行 (ryokō, "journey") → 旅行する (ryokō suru, "to travel")
Synonyms [edit]
- 〜る (-ru), a much less productive suffix for turning a noun into a verb
See also [edit]
- す (su)
- {{ja-suru etyl}}, the template used in etymology entries for words which include 為る
Conjugation [edit]
Conjugation of "する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | Imperfective (未然形) | し | shi | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuative (連用形) | し | shi | ||
| Terminal (終止形) | する | suru | ||
| Attributive (連体形) | する | suru | ||
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | すれ | sure | ||
| Imperative (命令形) | せよ¹ しろ² |
seyo¹ shiro² |
||
| Key constructions | Passive | される | sareru | |
| Causative | させる さす |
saseru sasu |
||
| Potential | できる | dekiru | ||
| Volitional | しよう | shiyō | ||
| Negative | しない | shinai | ||
| Negative continuative | せず | sezu | ||
| Formal | します | shimasu | ||
| Perfective | した | shita | ||
| Conjunctive | して | shite | ||
| Hypothetical conditional | すれば | sureba | ||
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
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Verb [edit]
する (romaji suru)
