する
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Contents |
[edit] Japanese
[edit] Etymology
From su (“do”). As with all verbs, during Middle Japanese the conclusive was gradually replaced by the attributive, realigning the conjugations.
[edit] Verb
する (irregular conjugation, kanji 為る, romaji suru)
[edit] Usage notes
- The verb する is seldom written in kanji (為る).
- It is common to use する after certain nouns to indicate that the noun is being done; this is highly productive, meaning many verbs can be derived from nouns in this way, comparable to English -ly:
- 失礼 (shitsurei, "rudeness") → 失礼する (shitsurei suru, "to be rude")
- 旅行 (ryokō, "journey") → 旅行する (ryokō suru, "to travel")
[edit] Synonyms
- 〜る (-ru), a much less productive suffix for turning a noun into a verb
[edit] See also
- す (su)
- {{ja-suru etyl}}, the template used in etymology entries for words which include 為る
[edit] Conjugation
Conjugation of "する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | Imperfective (未然形) | し | し | shi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuative (連用形) | し | し | shi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | する | する | suru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | する | する | suru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | すれ | すれ | sure | |
| Imperative (命令形) | せよ¹ しろ² |
せよ¹ しろ² |
seyo¹ shiro² |
|
| Key constructions | Passive | される | される | sareru |
| Causative | させる さす |
させる さす |
saseru sasu |
|
| Potential | できる | できる | dekiru | |
| Volitional | しよう | しよう | shiyō | |
| Negative | しない | しない | shinai | |
| Negative continuative | せず | せず | sezu | |
| Formal | します | します | shimasu | |
| Perfective | した | した | shita | |
| Conjunctive | して | して | shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | すれば | すれば | sureba | |
|
¹ Written imperative |
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[edit] Hiragana
する (romaji suru)