團

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See also: 团 and 団
團 U+5718, 團
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5718
← 圗
[U+5717] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 圙 →
[U+5719]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 團
Shinjitai 団
Simplified 团

Han character[edit]

團 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 田十戈戈 (WJII), four-corner 60343, composition ⿴囗專)

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 221, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4834
  • Dae Jaweon: page 452, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 725, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5718

Chinese[edit]

trad. 團
simp. 团*

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (專) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
竱 *toːn, *tjonʔ
團 *doːn
摶 *doːn, *doːn, *donʔ
篿 *doːn, *tjon
慱 *doːn
剸 *doːn, *tjonʔ, *tjons
鄟 *doːn, *tjon, *djonʔ
漙 *doːn
鷒 *doːn, *tjon
轉 *tonʔ, *tons
傳 *tons, *don, *dons
囀 *tons
縳 *donʔ, *dons
專 *tjon
磚 *tjon
甎 *tjon
塼 *tjon
嫥 *tjon
膞 *tjon, *tjonʔ, *djonʔ
鱄 *tjon, *tjonʔ
蓴 *djun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doːn) : semantic 囗 + phonetic 專 (OC *tjon).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • tuàng - literary;
  • diòng - vernacular (“united; assembled; to form a circle”, e.g. 團團).
Note:
  • thoân - literary;
  • thn̂g/thuîⁿ/thn̍gh - vernacular (“classifier for round, lumpy, or amorphous objects”);
  • tôaⁿ - vernacular.
Note:
  • tuang5 - Shantou;
  • tuêng5 - Chaozhou.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 團
Mandarin Beijing /tʰuan³⁵/
Harbin /tʰuan²⁴/
Tianjin /tʰuan⁴⁵/
Jinan /tʰuã⁴²/
Qingdao /tʰuã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /tʰuan⁴²/
Xi'an /tʰuã²⁴/
Xining /tʰuã²⁴/
Yinchuan /tʰuan⁵³/
Lanzhou /tʰuɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /tʰuan⁵¹/
Wuhan /tʰan²¹³/
Chengdu /tʰuan³¹/
Guiyang /tʰuan²¹/
Kunming /tʰuã̠³¹/
Nanjing /tʰuaŋ²⁴/
Hefei /tʰʊ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /tʰuæ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /tuɑŋ¹³/ ～住
/tʰuɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /tʰuæ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /dø²³/
Suzhou /dø¹³/
Hangzhou /duõ²¹³/
Wenzhou /dø³¹/
Hui Shexian /tʰo⁴⁴/
Tunxi /tuːə⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /tõ¹³/
Xiangtan /dɔn¹²/
Gan Nanchang /tʰɵn²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /tʰon¹¹/
Taoyuan /tʰon¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tʰyn²¹/
Nanning /tʰyn²¹/
Hong Kong /tʰyn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tʰuan³⁵/
/tʰŋ̍³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tʰuaŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tʰuiŋ²¹/
/tuiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /tʰuaŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /huaŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 團
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 度官切
Baxter dwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/duɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/dʷɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/duɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dwan/
Li
Rong 		/duɑn/
Wang
Li 		/duɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱuɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tuán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		tyun4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 團
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tuán
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dwan ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.[d]ˁon/
English round, plenty

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 團
Reading # 1/1
No. 17665
Phonetic
component 		專
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		團
Old
Chinese 		/*doːn/

Definitions[edit]

團

  1. sphere; ball; circle
    團團圍住／团团围住  ―  tuántuán wéizhù  ―  to encircle
    蒲團／蒲团  ―  pútuán  ―  cushion (circular in shape)
  2. to roll (into a ball)
  3. mass; lump
    麵團／面团  ―  miàntuán  ―  dough
  4. Classifier for round, lumpy, or amorphous objects.
    一團泥／一团泥  ―  yītuán ní  ―  a clod; a lump of soil
    一團和氣／一团和气  ―  yītuánhéqì  ―  "a ball of friendly air"
  5. group; collective; panel; team; organization
    選舉人團／选举人团  ―  xuǎnjǔréntuán  ―  electoral college
    財團／财团  ―  cáituán  ―  financial group
    團體／团体  ―  tuántǐ  ―  team; collective
    樂團／乐团  ―  yuètuán  ―  music ensemble; orchestra
    1. tour group arranged by travel agency
      你們這團兒都安排了什麼項目啊？ [MSC, trad.]
      你们这团儿都安排了什么项目啊？ [MSC, simp.]
      Nǐmen zhèi tuánr dōu ānpái le shénme xiàngmu a? [Pinyin]
      What kind of programs do you provide for this tour group?
  6. (figurative, in compounds) tightly; completely; as an inseparable collective (suggestive of circles or tightly knit groups)
    團結／团结  ―  tuánjié  ―  to unite; to join each other; to stick together
    團圓／团圆  ―  tuányuán  ―  to reunite; to get together (with family members)
  7. (military) regiment; corps
  8. (military or paramilitary) formation; troops; armed organization
    軍團／军团  ―  jūntuán  ―  legion
    團練／团练  ―  tuánliàn  ―  militia; local paramilitary organization
  9. (Mainland China) Short for 共青團／共青团 (gòngqīngtuán, “Communist Youth League”).
  10. (graph theory) clique

Usage notes[edit]

(military): Under the National Revolutionary Army, a regiment of infantry was composed of three battalions (營) and some miscellaneous companies (連). In turn, two regiments formed a brigade (旅). Three regiments could be formed into a triangular division, where the brigade structure was absent, as a division (整編師 / 編制師).

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (團):
  • → Vietnamese: đoàn (團)

Others:

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai

団

Kyūjitai

團

Kanji[edit]

團

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 団)

  1. association

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 團 (MC dwan).

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

團 (eumhun 둥글 단 (dunggeul dan))

  1. Hanja form? of 단 (“group”).

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

團: Hán Nôm readings: đoàn

  1. group
  2. party
  3. corps
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