quad
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English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Shortened, via clipping or abbreviation, from various English terms. Ultimately related to Latin quattuor (“4”); compare quadri-, quadruple.
The typography senses are from the abbreviation quad. for obsolete quadrat; the keyboard command comes from the verb sense.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (General American) IPA(key): /kwɑd/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /kwɒd/
Audio (AU) (file) - Rhymes: -ɒd
Noun[edit]
quad (plural quads)
- (typography, obsolete) Abbreviation of quadrat. [18th to 19th century]
- (letterpress typography) A blank metal block used to fill short lines of type. [from 1780s]
- 1853 April 16, Charles Dickens, Household Words[1], number 160, page 148:
- “Quadrats, sir. We call 'em quads.” . . . Quads are the spaces left between the paragraphs that come white on the paper. If you look here, at this page that is set-up, you will see that they are deeper than the spaces left between the words and letters—regular little trenches.
- 1979, Marshall Lee, Bookmaking, page 110:
- Horizontal spacing is further divided into multiples and fractions of the em. The multiples are called quads. The fractions are called spaces.
- 2005, Phil Baines, Andrew Haslam, Type & Typography, 2nd edition, page 91:
- Other larger spaces – known as quads – were used to space out lines.
- (printing slang) A joke used to fill long days of setting type.
- (typography, phototypesetting and digital typesetting) A keyboard command which aligns text with the left or right margin, or centred between them. In combination, as quad left, quad right, or quad centre.
- (letterpress typography) A blank metal block used to fill short lines of type. [from 1780s]
- (informal) A quadrangle (quadrangular courtyard). [from 1780s]
- 1880, William Blades, The Enemies of Books, page 38:
- Gilt-backed books on gilded shelf or table caught the eye, and as you turned your glance from the luxurious interiors to the well-shorn lawn in the Quad with its classic fountain also gilded by sunbeams, the mental vision saw plainly written over the whole "The Union of Luxury and Learning."
- 2014, Walker Orenstein, for Norwest Asian Weekly, Cherry trees from Japan to grace UW campus[2]:
- Every spring, the quad on the University of Washington (UW) campus transforms from a peaceful green space to a bustling habitat for hundreds of shuttering cameras, families, and onlookers.
- (colloquial, dated) A horse, from colloquial or humorous quadruped specifically for horse. [from 1850s]
- 1934, John Buchan, The Free Fishers, page 258:
- The quads is all right, barrin’ that the bay is blind o’ the left eye, and the chestnut a bit weak in the off fore.
- Something that is quadruple (four times) the usual amount, number, etc.
- A poster advertising a cinematic film release, measuring forty by thirty inches, four times the area of crown paper. [c. 1910]
- (skating) A quadruple, a jump with four revolutions in the air.
- A serving of four shots of espresso; (attributive) containing four shots of espresso.
- A skate with four wheels.
- 2018, Elicia Hyder, Lights Out Lucy: Roller Derby 101:
- These are the quads I recommend for newbies.
- 2014, Brigitte Legendre, A Skater's Business, page 16:
- When you can skate, inline, ice, quads are all equally enjoyable as long as they are of good enough quality.
- Clipping of quadruplet (“a set of four; one of a set of four”). [from 1890s]
- 1991, Alain Gelbman, Mah Jong: One Step at a Time, page 7:
- The Pair, Triples, and Quads can be formed with both Honor and Suit Tiles.
- 1999, Jennifer Kelley, Great Book of Domino Games, page 70:
- Object of the game: To use up all the tiles by playing them in quads. A quad is four consecutive numbers running in ascending or descending order, and played in a straight line.
- 2002, Experiments with Plants: teacher’s guide, page 18:
- Each person on the team could be exclusively responsible for taking care of and keeping records for one set of four plants (a quad).
- (electronics, telecommunications) A group of four insulated wires twisted together to form two circuits of two wires each. [from 1920s]
- (radio) A quad antenna, a directional radio antenna consisting of multiple loop antennas. [from 1930s]
- (informal) A quadruplet, one of four babies born during the same birth.
- (chess) A kind of round-robin tournament between four players, where each participant plays every other participant once.
- (Mormonism) The Bible, Book of Mormon, Doctrine and Covenants, and Pearl of Great Price bound in a single volume.
- (poker slang, attributive) Of or relating to quads (four of a kind).
- (informal) The quadriceps muscle. [from 1950s]
- 2010, Adam Garett, “Fried Hams”, in Reps!, 17:23:
- Aesthetics aside, if you train your quads while neglecting your hamstrings, you're setting yourself up for an eventual injury.
- (informal) A quadriplegic person. [from 1970s]
- A unit of energy equivalent to a quadrillion BTU (1015 BTU). [from 1970s]
- (informal) A quadcopter.
- 2017 May 19, Ed Darack, “A Brief History of Quadrotors”, in Air & Space Magazine[4]:
- Today you can buy quadrotor drones—also known as quadcopters—of just about any kind, for just about any price. The extremely wealthy can buy gold-plated quads, and the rest of us can buy tiny plastic ones.
- (informal, computer graphics) A quadrilateral.
- 2010, Tony Mullen, Claudio Andaur, Blender Studio Projects: Digital Movie-Making, page 91:
- Tris and quads have different areas of functionality. In real-time graphics, tris are the norm because they provide the most basic geometric representations of planes.
- (informal) Quadruplex videotape.
- (informal) A quadrupel beer.
- A quad bike.
Derived terms[edit]
typography
quadruplet
other senses
Translations[edit]
quadrangle — see quadrangle
quadruplet — see quadruplet
quadrilateral — see quadrilateral
quad bike — see quad bike
Adjective[edit]
quad (not comparable)
- Quadruple, four times the usual size or quantity. [from 1880s]
- 1896, Sunderland. Re Mawson, Phillips & Co., Ld., in Liquidation[5]:
- Printing Plant Machinery, Type, Material, Fittings, Stock-in-Trade, Paper, &c., including QUAD-CROWN CYLINDER MACHINE, With Flyers, Riders, &c., by Miller & Richard.
- 1998, Kip Ward, Mike van Mantgem, Axel Floyd, Quake for Nintendo 64 (Prima’s Unauthorized Game Secrets), page 23:
- Around the corner waits a Quad Damage rune, which you can activate before returning to the Teleporter and heading for the Gold Key.
- 2014, Brian Johnson, 21 Best Tablets for You This Holiday Season of 2014, page 44:
- With Mali-400 MP4 GPU, 2GB of RAM and a quad-core Cortex-A9 processor, this tablet is more than capable to handle even the latest graphics intense games
- 2015 May, Chris Woodward, “Yamaha 190 FSH”, in Sport Fishing, volume 30, page 85:
- SeaStar Solutions, which makes systems for twin- and triple-outboard powered boats, now offers its Optimus electronic power steering (EPS) for single- and quad-powered boats.
- (paper) Quadrille, marked with squares.
Derived terms[edit]
Verb[edit]
quad (third-person singular simple present quads, present participle quadding, simple past and past participle quadded)
- (typography, letterpress typography, transitive, intransitive) To fill spaces in a line of type with quads. Also quad out.
- (typography, phototypesetting and digital typesetting, transitive, intransitive) To align text with the left or right margin, or centre it.
- (transitive) To twist four individually insulated conductors together as two pairs of twisted wires that are then twisted together.
- 1901, Report of the Industrial Commission on Transportation, page 232:
- Can you "quad" the cable?
- 1961, Telecommunications, page 690:
- The star quadding of the wires ensures a reduction in the diameters of cables and their weight […]
- 1965, Telephone Cable Splicing: Cable Terminations and Cable Repairs, United States. Department of the Army, page 906:
- The conductors in quadded cables are tinned and may also be enameled.
- (intransitive) To ride a quad bike.
See also[edit]
Basque[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
quad inan
Declension[edit]
Declension of quad (inanimate, ending in consonant)
indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | quad | quada | quadak |
ergative | quadek | quadak | quadek |
dative | quadi | quadari | quadei |
genitive | quaden | quadaren | quaden |
comitative | quadekin | quadarekin | quadekin |
causative | quadengatik | quadarengatik | quadengatik |
benefactive | quadentzat | quadarentzat | quadentzat |
instrumental | quadez | quadaz | quadez |
inessive | quadetan | quadean | quadetan |
locative | quadetako | quadeko | quadetako |
allative | quadetara | quadera | quadetara |
terminative | quadetaraino | quaderaino | quadetaraino |
directive | quadetarantz | quaderantz | quadetarantz |
destinative | quadetarako | quaderako | quadetarako |
ablative | quadetatik | quadetik | quadetatik |
partitive | quadik | — | — |
prolative | quadtzat | — | — |
Further reading[edit]
- "quad" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
Catalan[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
quad m (plural quads)
- Clipping of quadricicle.
Dutch[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (file)
Noun[edit]
quad m (plural quads, diminutive quadje n)
Italian[edit]
Noun[edit]
quad m (invariable)
Old High German[edit]
Verb[edit]
quad
Polish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Unadapted borrowing from English quad.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
quad m inan
- quad bike
- Synonyms: czterokołowiec, wszędołaz, kład
Declension[edit]
Declension of quad
Further reading[edit]
- quad in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- quad in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Scots[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Middle English qued, from Old English cwēad.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Early Scots) IPA(key): [kwad]
- (Early Middle Scots) IPA(key): [kwad]
- (Late Middle Scots) IPA(key): [kwad]
Adjective[edit]
quad (comparative quader)
- (Middle Scots) evil, wicked, bad
Usage notes[edit]
Only the comparative is attested.
Further reading[edit]
- “quad”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from William A[lexander] Craigie, A[dam] J[ack] Aitken [et al.], editors, A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue: […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1931–2002, →OCLC.
Spanish[edit]
Noun[edit]
quad f (plural quads)
Further reading[edit]
- “quad”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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