sín

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "sin"

Eastern Maninkakan[edit]

Alternative scripts[edit]

Noun[edit]

sín

  1. breast

Alternative scripts[edit]

Verb[edit]

sín

  1. to face, be opposite

Faroese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

sín

  1. reflexive pronoun, genitive third-person of seg
Declension[edit]
Reflexive pronouns - Afturbent fornavn
Singular (eintal), Plural (fleirtal) 3. m, f, n
Nominative (hvørfall) —
Accusative (hvønnfall) seg
Dative (hvørjumfall) sær
Genitive (hvørsfall) sín
References[edit]
  • Höskuldur Thráinsson, Hjalmar P. Petersen, Jógvan í Lon Jacobsen, Zakaris Svabo Hansen: Faroese : An Overview and Reference Grammar. Tórshavn: Føroya Fróðskaparfelag, 2004 (p. 119 f., 325 ff.)

Etymology 2[edit]

Old Norse sínn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz.

Pronoun[edit]

sín

  1. his, her, its, their; the third person possessive pronoun
Declension[edit]
Possessive pronoun - ognarfornavn
Singular (eintal) m f n
Nominative (hvørfall) sín sín sítt
Accusative (hvønnfall) sína
Dative (hvørjumfall) sínum síni / sínari sínum
Genitive (hvørsfall) (síns) (sínar) (síns)
Plural (fleirtal) m f n
Nominative (hvørfall) sínir sínar síni
Accusative (hvønnfall) sínar
Dative (hvørjumfall) sínum
Genitive (hvørsfall) (sína)

Hungarian[edit]

sín

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From German Schiene (“rail”).

Noun[edit]

sín (plural sínek)

  1. rail
Declension[edit]
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative sín sínek
accusative sínt síneket
dative sínnek síneknek
instrumental sínnel sínekkel
causal-final sínért sínekért
translative sínné sínekké
terminative sínig sínekig
essive-formal sínként sínekként
essive-modal — —
inessive sínben sínekben
superessive sínen síneken
adessive sínnél síneknél
illative sínbe sínekbe
sublative sínre sínekre
allative sínhez sínekhez
elative sínből sínekből
delative sínről sínekről
ablative síntől sínektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		síné síneké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		sínéi sínekéi
Possessive forms of sín
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. sínem sínjeim
2nd person sing. síned sínjeid
3rd person sing. sínje sínjei
1st person plural sínünk sínjeink
2nd person plural sínetek sínjeitek
3rd person plural sínjük sínjeik

Etymology 2[edit]

sí +‎ -n

Noun[edit]

sín

  1. superessive singular of sí

Further reading[edit]

  • sín in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

sín

  1. genitive of sig
Declension[edit]
declension of sín
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative - - - -
accusative sig, sik† sig, sik† sig, sik† sig, sik†
dative sér sér sér sér
genitive sín sín sín sín
Derived terms[edit]
terms derived from the genitive form, or sín

Etymology 2[edit]

Determiner[edit]

sín

  1. inflection of sinn:
    1. feminine nominative singular
    2. neuter nominative plural
    3. neuter accusative plural
Declension[edit]
Possessive pronouns (eignarfornöfn)
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative sinn sín sitt sínir sínar sín
accusative sinn sína sitt sína sínar sín
dative sínum sinni sínu sínum sínum sínum
genitive síns sinnar síns sinna sinna sinna

Irish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Irish sínid, from Proto-Celtic *sīnīti, from the same root as *sīros (“long”) (compare Old Irish sír, Welsh hir), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“late, long”) (compare Sanskrit साय (sāyá, “evening”), Latin sērus (“late”), Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (seiþus, “late”).

Verb[edit]

sín (present analytic síneann, future analytic sínfidh, verbal noun síneadh, past participle sínte)

  1. to stretch, extend
  2. to pass (transfer from one person to another, hand over)
  3. to lengthen
Conjugation[edit]
conjugation of sín (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present sínim síneann tú;
sínir† 		síneann sé, sí sínimid síneann sibh síneann siad;
sínid† 		a shíneann; a shíneas /
a síneann*; a síneas* 		síntear
past shín mé; shíneas shín tú; shínis shín sé, sí shíneamar; shín muid shín sibh; shíneabhair shín siad; shíneadar a shín /
ar shín* 		síneadh
past habitual shíninn / síninn‡‡ shínteá / sínteᇇ shíneadh sé, sí / síneadh sé, s퇇 shínimis; shíneadh muid / sínimis‡‡; síneadh muid‡‡ shíneadh sibh / síneadh sibh‡‡ shínidís; shíneadh siad / sínidís‡‡; síneadh siad‡‡ a shíneadh /
a síneadh* 		shíntí / sínt퇇
future sínfidh mé;
sínfead 		sínfidh tú;
sínfir† 		sínfidh sé, sí sínfimid;
sínfidh muid 		sínfidh sibh sínfidh siad;
sínfid† 		a shínfidh; a shínfeas /
a sínfidh*; a sínfeas* 		sínfear
conditional shínfinn / sínfinn‡‡ shínfeá / sínfeᇇ shínfeadh sé, sí / sínfeadh sé, s퇇 shínfimis; shínfeadh muid / sínfimis‡‡; sínfeadh muid‡‡ shínfeadh sibh / sínfeadh sibh‡‡ shínfidís; shínfeadh siad / sínfidís‡‡; sínfeadh siad‡‡ a shínfeadh /
a sínfeadh* 		shínfí / sínf퇇
subjunctive present go síne mé;
go sínead† 		go síne tú;
go sínir† 		go síne sé, sí go sínimid;
go síne muid 		go síne sibh go síne siad;
go sínid† 		— go síntear
past dá síninn dá sínteá dá síneadh sé, sí dá sínimis;
dá síneadh muid 		dá síneadh sibh dá sínidís;
dá síneadh siad 		— dá síntí
imperative sínim sín síneadh sé, sí sínimis sínigí;
sínidh† 		sínidís — síntear
verbal noun síneadh
past participle sínte

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old French signe, seing (“sign; mark; signature”), from Latin signum (“a mark; sign; token”). Doublet of séan.

Noun[edit]

sín f (genitive singular síne, nominative plural síneacha)

  1. sign
    Synonym: comhartha
Declension[edit]
Declension of sín

Second declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sín síneacha
Vocative a shín a shíneacha
Genitive síne síneacha
Dative sín síneacha

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an tsín na síneacha
Genitive na síne na síneacha
Dative leis an tsín

don tsín

leis na síneacha
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun[edit]

sín f

  1. (archaic, dialectal) dative singular of síon

Mutation[edit]

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
sín shín
after an, tsín 		not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading[edit]

Old Irish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *sīnā (“weather”). Cognate with Welsh hin and Breton hinon (“good weather”).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈsʲiːn/ (nominative singular and genitive plural)
  • IPA(key): /ˈsʲiːnʲ/ (accusative and dative singular)

Noun[edit]

sín f (genitive síne, nominative plural sína)

  1. weather
    • c. 850 Glosses on the Carlsruhe Beda, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 10–30, Bcr. 33b14
      .i. conscuchud suas ar ómun inna sín⁠.
      i.e. moving upwards for fear of the storms.
    • Tecosca Cormaic, published in Tecosca Cormaic. The Instructions of King Cormaic Mac Airt (1909, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Kuno Meyer, page 36, §17, line 8
      Dech do sínaib céo […]
      The best of weathers is mist […]

Usage notes[edit]

Often, but not always, with negative connotations.

Inflection[edit]

Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative sínL sínL sínaH
Vocative sínL sínL sínaH
Accusative sínN sínL sínaH
Genitive síneH sínL sínN
Dative sínL sínaib sínaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants[edit]

  • Middle Irish: sín

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
sín ṡín unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sīnā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 336

Further reading[edit]

Old Norse[edit]

Determiner[edit]

sín

  1. inflection of sínn:
    1. feminine nominative singular
    2. neuter nominative/accusative plural

Pronoun[edit]

sín

  1. genitive of sik
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