sultan
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Contents |
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From French sultan, from Turkish sultan, from Arabic سلطان (sulṭān), from Aramaic (šultānā, “strength, authority”).[1] Compare soldan.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
sultan (plural sultans)
- Originally, a secular office, formally subordinate to -, but de facto the power behind the throne of the (theoretically universal) caliph.
- A hereditary ruler in various Muslim states (sultanate), varying from petty principalities (as in Indonesia and in Yemen), often vassal of a greater ruler, to independent realms, such as Oman, Brunei, or an empire such as the Turkish Ottoman Empire.
- A variant of solitaire, played with two decks of cards.
- A breed of chicken originating in Turkey, kept primarily in gardens for ornamental reasons. See: sultan (chicken)
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
ruler
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solitaire
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "sultan" in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition (2008).
Dutch[edit]
Noun[edit]
sultan m (plural sultans, ??? please provide the diminutive!)
- sultan, a Muslim ruler title
- a certain pastry
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]
French[edit]
Noun[edit]
sultan m (plural sultans)
- A sultan: a Muslim ruler with a certain title.
- A silk-ornamented basket.
- A perfume sachet to put in a linen coffer.
Synonyms[edit]
References[edit]
- Nouveau Petit Larousse illustré. Dictionnaire encyclopédique. Paris, Librairie Larousse, 1952, 146th edition
Maltese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān).
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA: /sʊlˈtɐːn/
Noun[edit]
sultan m (plural slaten)
Related terms[edit]
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Turkish sultan, from Arabic سلطان (sulṭān).
Noun[edit]
sùltān m (Cyrillic spelling су̀лта̄н)
Declension[edit]
declension of sultan
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | sùltān | sultani |
| genitive | sultána | sultana |
| dative | sultanu | sultanima |
| accusative | sultana | sultane |
| vocative | sultane | sultani |
| locative | sultanu | sultanima |
| instrumental | sultanom | sultanima |
Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Arabic سلطان.
Noun[edit]
sultan (definite accusative sultanı, plural sultanlar)
- A monarchic title for Sunni Muslim monarchs.
- A noble title for monarch's mother, wifes and children.
- A honorific title for Bektashi saints.
- A breed of chicken originating in Turkey, kept primarily in gardens for ornamental reasons. See: sultan (chicken)
Declension[edit]
declension of sultan
| singular (tekil) | plural (çoğul) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (yalın) | sultan | sultanlar |
| definite accusative (belirtme) | sultanı | sultanları |
| dative (yönelme) | sultana | sultanlara |
| locative (bulunma) | sultanda | sultanlarda |
| ablative (çıkma) | sultandan | sultanlardan |
| genitive (tamlayan) | sultanın | sultanların |
possessive forms of sultan
predicative forms of sultan
| simple present | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| ben (I am) | sultanım | sultanlarım* |
| sen (you are) | sultansın | sultanlarsın* |
| o (he/she/it is) | sultan / sultandır | sultanlar* / sultanlardır* |
| biz (we are) | sultanız | sultanlarız |
| siz (you are) | sultansınız | sultanlarsınız |
| onlar (they are) | sultanlar | sultanlardır |
| simple past | singular | plural |
| ben (I was) | sultandım | sultanlardım* |
| sen (you were) | sultandın | sultanlardın* |
| o (he/she/it was) | sultandı | sultanlardı* |
| biz (we were) | sultandık | sultanlardık |
| siz (you were) | sultandınız | sultanlardınız |
| onlar (they were) | sultandılar | sultanlardı |
| indirect / unwitnessed past | singular | plural |
| ben (I was) | sultanmışım | sultanlarmışım* |
| sen (you were) | sultanmışsın | sultanlarmışsın* |
| o (he/she/it was) | sultanmış | sultanlarmış* |
| biz (we were) | sultanmışız | sultanlarmışız |
| siz (you were) | sultanmışsınız | sultanlarmışsınız |
| onlar (they were) | sultanmışlar | sultanlarmış |
| *Not used, but perhaps rarely - chiefly grammatical formations.
Note: Plural forms are not used with adjectives. |
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Derived terms[edit]
Categories:
- English terms derived from French
- English terms derived from Turkish
- English terms derived from Arabic
- English terms derived from Aramaic
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- Dutch nouns
- French nouns
- French masculine nouns
- Maltese terms derived from Arabic
- Maltese nouns
- Maltese dated terms
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Turkish
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Arabic
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Turkish nouns