惰

See also: 憜

惰 U+60F0, 惰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60F0 ← 惯 [U+60EF] CJK Unified Ideographs 惱 → [U+60F1]

Translingual

Han character

惰 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 心大一月 (PKMB), four-corner 9402₇, composition ⿰忄⿱左月)

Derived characters

• 墯

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 392, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10855
• Dae Jaweon: page 728, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2326, character 11
• Unihan data for U+60F0

Chinese

trad.		惰
simp. #		惰
alternative forms		憜 媠 隳 obsolete 墮／堕

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (隓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鬌	*ʔl'oːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *l'ol
隋	*l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *ljol
墮	*l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *hlol
媠	*l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːls
橢	*l̥ʰoːlʔ
嫷	*l̥ʰoːls, *l'oːlʔ
毻	*l̥ʰoːls, *l̥ʰoːds
堶	*l'oːl
憜	*l'oːlʔ
惰	*l'oːlʔ, *l'oːls
嶞	*l'oːlʔ
髓	*slolʔ
瀡	*slolʔ, *slols
隨	*ljol
隓	*hlol
隳	*hlol
撱	*lolʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːlʔ, *l'oːls) : semantic 心 (“heart; mind”) + abbreviated phonetic 隋 (OC *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *ljol).

Etymology

May be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(d/n)waj (“to hang from; to cling to; creeper”); see 垂 (OC *djol, “to hang down”) for more (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): duò (duo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): do⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tho
• Eastern Min (BUC): dô̤
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tō / tǒ͘ / tǒ / tōaⁿ / tǒaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): duan⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶du

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: duò
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: duò
    • Wade–Giles: to⁴
    • Yale: dwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duoh
    • Palladius: до (do)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: do⁶
    • Yale: doh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: do⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: do⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔː²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tho
    • Hakka Romanization System: to
    • Hagfa Pinyim: to⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰo⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dô̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō
    • Tâi-lô: tō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doi
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /to²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /to³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǒ͘
    • Tâi-lô: tǒo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǒ
    • Tâi-lô: tǒ
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /to²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tuānn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dvoa
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /tuã²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /tuã³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǒaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tuǎnn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tuã²²/
    • IPA (Lukang): /tuã³³/

Note:

• tō/tǒ͘/tǒ - literary;
• tōaⁿ - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: duan⁶
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tuăⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tũã³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶du
    • MiniDict: du^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³du
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /du²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dwaX, dwaH

Rime
Character	惰	惰
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	徒果切	徒臥切
Baxter	dwaX	dwaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duɑX/	/duɑH/
Pan Wuyun	/duɑX/	/duɑH/
Shao Rongfen	/duɑX/	/duɑH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dwaX/	/dwaH/
Li Rong	/duɑX/	/duɑH/
Wang Li	/duɑX/	/duɑH/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱuɑX/	/dʱuɑH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	duò	duò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	do6	do6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤojʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'oːlʔ/, /*l'oːls/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	惰
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	duò
Middle Chinese	‹ dwaX ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁojʔ/
English	lazy
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	惰	惰
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	5426	5430
Phonetic component	隓	隓
Rime group	歌	歌
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	墮	惰
Old Chinese	/*l'oːlʔ/	/*l'oːls/

Definitions

惰

1. lazy; indolent

   • 教不嚴，師之惰。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     教不严，师之惰。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: Three Character Classic, circa 13^th century CE

     Jiào bù yán, shī zhī duò. [Pinyin]

     To teach, without severity, is the teacher's laziness.

2. (obsolete) irreverent; careless

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 懶惰 (“lazy”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		懶, 惰, 懈, 怠
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		懶惰
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	懶
	Taiwan	懶
	Singapore	懶, 懶惰
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	懶
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	懶
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	懶
	Wuhan	懶
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	懶
	Hefei	懶
Cantonese	Guangzhou	懶, 蛇
	Hong Kong	懶, 蛇
	Taishan	懶
	Yangjiang	懶
	Singapore (Guangfu)	懶
Gan	Nanchang	懶
Hakka	Meixian	懶, 懶屍
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	懶屍
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	懶屍
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	懶屍
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	懶屍
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	懶屍
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	懶屍
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	懶屍
Jin	Taiyuan	懶
Northern Min	Jian'ou	惰
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	懶, 懶屍, 懶漢, 二婿
Southern Min	Xiamen	貧惰, 臭惰, 懶屍, 荏懶, 懶賤, 漚肉
	Quanzhou	貧惰, 臭惰, 荏懶, 臭肉, 漚肉
	Zhangzhou	貧惰, 臭惰, 懶屍, 荏懶, 想死, 懶賤, 漚肉, 屎礐蟲
	Taipei	荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍
	Kaohsiung	荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍
	Yilan	荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍
	Changhua (Lukang)	貧惰
	Taichung	貧惰
	Tainan	荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍
	Hsinchu	貧惰
	Kinmen	貧惰
	Penghu (Magong)	貧惰
	Penang (Hokkien)	荏懶, 貧惰
	Singapore (Hokkien)	荏懶, 貧惰
	Manila (Hokkien)	貧惰, 荏懶, 臭惰, 臭骨
	Chaozhou	惰
	Shantou	惰
	Jieyang	惰
	Singapore (Teochew)	惰
	Leizhou	惰
	Haikou	惰
Wu	Shanghai	懶
	Suzhou	懶, 懶怕
	Wenzhou	懶
Xiang	Changsha	懶
	Shuangfeng	懶

Compounds

• 休惰
• 偏惰
• 偷惰
• 委惰
• 姦惰／奸惰
• 媮惰／偷惰
• 嫚惰
• 嬌惰／娇惰
• 嬾惰／懒惰
• 弛惰
• 怯惰
• 怠惰 (dàiduò)
• 恬惰
• 惰侈
• 惰倪
• 惰偷
• 惰傲
• 惰力
• 惰劣
• 惰君
• 惰壞／惰坏
• 惰失
• 惰奢
• 惰媮／惰偷
• 惰嬾／惰懒
• 惰容
• 惰廢／惰废
• 惰弛
• 惰心
• 惰性 (duòxìng)
• 惰怠
• 惰慵
• 惰慢 (duòmàn)
• 惰懈
• 惰昏
• 惰民
• 惰氣／惰气
• 惰游
• 惰窳
• 惰肆
• 惰行
• 惰貧／惰贫
• 惰農／惰农 (duònóng)
• 惰食
• 惰驕／惰骄
• 慢惰 (mànduò)
• 慵惰
• 懈惰
• 懶惰／懒惰 (lǎnduò)
• 敖惰
• 昏惰
• 曠惰／旷惰
• 浮惰
• 淫惰
• 游惰
• 燕惰
• 猥惰
• 疏惰
• 疑惰
• 矜惰
• 窳惰
• 簡惰／简惰
• 纖惰／纤惰
• 肆惰
• 衰惰
• 解惰
• 貪惰／贪惰
• 貧惰／贫惰
• 輕惰／轻惰
• 退惰
• 逋惰
• 遊惰／游惰
• 違惰／违惰
• 避強擊惰／避强击惰
• 闇惰／暗惰
• 隳惰
• 頑惰／顽惰
• 頹惰／颓惰
• 騃惰／𫘤惰
• 驕惰／骄惰

 

Japanese

Kanji

惰

(Jōyō kanji)

1. lazy

Readings

• Go-on: だ (da, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: た (ta)
• Kun: おこたる (okotaru, 惰る)

Korean

Hanja

惰 (eum 타 (ta))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

惰: Hán Nôm readings: đọa/đoạ, nọa/noạ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.