жена
Bulgarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old Church Slavonic жена (žena), from Proto-Slavic *žena, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *génāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
жена́ • (žená) f (relational adjective же́нски, diminutive жени́ца)
Usage notes[edit]
- The vocative жено (ženo) is considered vulgar and is therefore generally avoided.
Declension[edit]
References[edit]
- “жена”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “жена”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жена”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (а – з), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 536
Anagrams[edit]
- нежа (neža)
Macedonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žena, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *génāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
жена • (žena) f (plural жени, relational adjective женски, diminutive женичка or женче, augmentative жениште or женетина)
Declension[edit]
Antonyms[edit]
- маж m (maž)
Derived terms[edit]
- едноженство n (ednoženstvo)
- жени impf (ženi)
- женидба f (ženidba)
- женица f (ženica)
- женичка f (ženička)
- жениште n (ženište)
- женка f (ženka)
- женкар m (ženkar)
- женкарство n (ženkarstvo)
- женска f (ženska)
- женскар m (ženskar)
- женски (ženski)
- женско n (žensko)
- женсковина f (ženskovina)
- женскост f (ženskost)
- женскотија f (ženskotija)
- женствен (ženstven)
- женственост f (ženstvenost)
- женче n (ženče)
- женчуле n (ženčule)
- женчуленце n (ženčulence)
- многуженство n (mnoguženstvo)
- ожени pf (oženi)
- прежени pf (preženi)
- преженува impf (preženuva)
- прожени pf (proženi)
- се жени impf (se ženi)
- се ожени pf (se oženi)
- се прежени pf (se preženi)
- се преженува impf (se preženuva)
- се прожени pf (se proženi)
Old Church Slavonic[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- Glagolitic: ⰶⰵⱀⰰ (žena)
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *žena, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *génāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.
Noun[edit]
жена • (žena) f
Declension[edit]
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | жена žena |
женѣ ženě |
женꙑ ženy |
genitive | женꙑ ženy |
женоу ženu |
женъ ženŭ |
dative | женѣ ženě |
женама ženama |
женамъ ženamŭ |
accusative | женѫ ženǫ |
женѣ ženě |
женꙑ ženy |
instrumental | женоѭ ženojǫ |
женама ženama |
женами ženami |
locative | женѣ ženě |
женоу ženu |
женахъ ženaxŭ |
vocative | жено ženo |
женѣ ženě |
женꙑ ženy |
See also[edit]
отьчьство (otĭčĭstvo, “family”) | Male | Female |
---|---|---|
parent родител҄ь (roditelʹĭ) |
отьць (otĭcĭ), авва (avva, “father”) | мати (mati, “mother”) |
sibling | братръ (bratrŭ, “brother”) | сестра (sestra, “sister”) |
child | сꙑнъ (synŭ, “son”) | дъщи (dŭšti, “daughter”) |
grandparent | дѣдъ (dědŭ, “grandfather”) | баба (baba, “grandmother”) |
grandchild | въноукъ (vŭnukŭ, “grandson”) | – (“granddaughter”) |
great-grandparent | прѣдѣдъ (prědědŭ, “great-grandfather”) | – (“great-grandmother”) |
mother's sibling | оуи (ui, “maternal uncle”) | – (“maternal aunt”) |
sibling's child | братанъ (bratanŭ), сꙑновь (synovĭ), сꙑновьць (synovĭcĭ, “nephew”) | братана (bratana, “niece”) |
cousin | братоучѧдъ (bratučędŭ, “male cousin”) | братоучѧда (bratučęda, “female cousin”) |
spouse | мѫжь (mǫžĭ), чрьтожьникъ (črĭtožĭnikŭ), малъженъ (malŭženŭ, “husband”) | жена (žena), чрьтожьница (črĭtožĭnica), съложь (sŭložĭ, “wife”) |
parent of wife | тьсть (tĭstĭ, “father-in-law (wife's father)”) | тьща (tĭšta, “mother-in-law (wife's mother)”) |
parent of husband | свекръ (svekrŭ, “father-in-law (husband's father)”) | свекрꙑ (svekry, “mother-in-law (husband's father)”) |
spouse of child | зѧть (zętĭ, “son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) | снъха (snŭxa, “daughter-in-law (son's wife)”) |
spouse of husband's brother | – | етрꙑ (etry), кѫпетра (kǫpetra, “sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”) |
stepchild | пасторъкъ (pastorŭkŭ, “stepson”) | – (“stepdaughter”) |
Old East Slavic[edit]

Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *žena.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /ʑɛˈnɑ/
- (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /ʑɛˈna/
- (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /ʑɛˈna/
- Hyphenation: же‧на
Noun[edit]
жена (žena) f (diminutive женъка or жонка)
Declension[edit]
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | жена žena |
женѣ ženě |
женꙑ ženy |
Genitive | женꙑ ženy |
жену ženu |
женъ ženŭ |
Dative | женѣ ženě |
женама ženama |
женамъ ženamŭ |
Accusative | женѫ ženǫ |
женѣ ženě |
женꙑ ženy |
Instrumental | женоѭ ženojǫ |
женама ženama |
женами ženami |
Locative | женѣ ženě |
жену ženu |
женахъ ženaxŭ |
Vocative | жено ženo |
женѣ ženě |
женꙑ ženy |
Coordinate terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Belarusian: жана́ (žaná) (dated)
- Russian: жена́ (žená)
- Rusyn: жона́ (žoná)
- Ukrainian: жона́ (žoná) (dated)
References[edit]
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893), “жена”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments][1] (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 857
Russian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old East Slavic жена (žena), from Proto-Slavic *žena, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *génāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn, whence English queen and gyno-.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
жена́ • (žená) f anim (genitive жены́, nominative plural жёны, genitive plural жён, diminutive жёнушка or жену́ля or жену́лька)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- жена́тый (ženátyj)
- жёнка (žónka)
- же́нщина (žénščina)
- жени́ть (ženítʹ)
- жени́ться (ženítʹsja)
- жени́тьба f (ženítʹba)
- женоненави́стничество n (ženonenavístničestvo)
- же́нин (žénin)
Rusyn[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *žena, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *génāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.
Noun[edit]
жена • (žena)
- woman
- Ту грає єдна жена і єден хлоп
- Tu hraje jedna žena i jeden xlop
- Here plays one woman and one man
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žena, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *génāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
жѐна f (Latin spelling žèna, diminutive жѐница, relational adjective жѐнскӣ)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “жена” in Hrvatski jezični portal
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Old Church Slavonic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian terms with audio links
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
- Bulgarian feminine nouns
- bg:Female family members
- bg:Marriage
- bg:Female people
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Macedonian 2-syllable words
- Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Macedonian paroxytone terms
- Macedonian terms with audio links
- Macedonian lemmas
- Macedonian nouns
- Macedonian feminine nouns
- mk:Female family members
- mk:Marriage
- mk:Female people
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic lemmas
- Old Church Slavonic nouns
- Old Church Slavonic feminine nouns
- Old Church Slavonic hard a-stem nouns
- Old Church Slavonic hard feminine a-stem nouns
- cu:Female family members
- cu:Marriage
- cu:Female people
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old East Slavic lemmas
- Old East Slavic nouns
- Old East Slavic feminine nouns
- Old East Slavic hard a-stem nouns
- orv:Female family members
- orv:Marriage
- orv:Female people
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Russian 2-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Russian/a
- Russian lemmas
- Russian nouns
- Russian feminine nouns
- Russian animate nouns
- Russian terms with obsolete senses
- Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns
- Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-d nouns
- Russian nouns with accent pattern d
- Russian nouns with vocative singular
- ru:Female family members
- ru:Marriage
- ru:Female people
- Rusyn terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Rusyn terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Rusyn terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Rusyn terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Rusyn terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Rusyn terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Rusyn lemmas
- Rusyn nouns
- Rusyn terms with usage examples
- rue:Female people
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- sh:Female family members
- sh:Marriage
- sh:Female people