затвор

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *zatvorъ, derived from *verti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zɐtˈvɔr]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔr
• Syllabification^(key): зат‧вор

Noun

затво́р • (zatvór) m

1. prison, jail
2. imprisonment
3. (firearms) lock (mechanism to ignite the propellant in a firearm)
4. (photography) shutter
5. (engineering) gate, lock (on a dam or sluice)

Declension

Declension of затво́р

	singular	plural
indefinite	затво́р zatvór	затво́ри zatvóri
definite (subject form)	затво́рът zatvórǎt	затво́рите zatvórite
definite (object form)	затво́ра zatvóra
count form	—	затво́ра zatvóra

References

• “затвор”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “затвор”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zatvorъ, derived from *verti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈzatvɔr]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: зат‧вор

Noun

затвор • (zatvor) m (plural затвори, relational adjective затворски)

1. prison, jail
2. imprisonment
3. (medicine) constipation

   Synonym: запек (zapek)

4. (dialectal) lock (something used for fastening)

Declension

Declension of затвор

	singular	plural
indefinite	затвор (zatvor)	затвори (zatvori)
definite unspecified	затворот (zatvorot)	затворите (zatvorite)
definite proximal	затворов (zatvorov)	затвориве (zatvorive)
definite distal	затворон (zatvoron)	затворине (zatvorine)
vocative	затвору (zatvoru)	затвори (zatvori)
count form	—	затвора (zatvora)

References

• “затвор” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zatvorъ, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *verti. By surface analysis, deverbal from затворя́ть, затвори́ть (zatvorjátʹ, zatvorítʹ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zɐtˈvor]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

затво́р • (zatvór) m inan (genitive затво́ра, nominative plural затво́ры, genitive plural затво́ров)

1. bolt, bar, latch (for locking a door, window, etc.)
2. (engineering) gate, valve
3. (photography) shutter

   спуск затво́ра ― spusk zatvóra ― shutter release

4. (plumbing) trap
5. (firearms) breechblock
6. (electronics) gate (of a field-effect transistor)

Declension

Declension of затво́р (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	затво́р zatvór	затво́ры zatvóry
genitive	затво́ра zatvóra	затво́ров zatvórov
dative	затво́ру zatvóru	затво́рам zatvóram
accusative	затво́р zatvór	затво́ры zatvóry
instrumental	затво́ром zatvórom	затво́рами zatvórami
prepositional	затво́ре zatvóre	затво́рах zatvórax

Related terms

• затво́рный (zatvórnyj)
• затворя́ть (zatvorjátʹ), затвори́ть (zatvorítʹ)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zatvorъ, derived from *verti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zǎːtʋor/
• Hyphenation: зат‧вор

Noun

за́твор m inan (Latin spelling zátvor)

1. prison, jail

   Synonym: бу̀хара

2. (medicine) constipation (state of the bowels)
3. (linguistics) closure, occlusion
4. closing (act of)

Declension

Declension of затвор

	singular	plural
nominative	затвор	затвори
genitive	затвора	затвора
dative	затвору	затворима
accusative	затвор	затворе
vocative	затворе	затвори
locative	затвору	затворима
instrumental	затвором	затворима

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zatvorъ, related to *zavorъ (“closure, enclosure”), from *verti. The introduction of -t- results from rebracketing of the prefix *otъ- of *otъvorìti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zɐtˈwɔr]

Noun

затво́р • (zatvór) m inan (genitive затво́ра, nominative plural затво́ри, genitive plural затво́рів)

1. closure (a device to facilitate temporary and repeatable opening and closing)
2. (firearms) breechblock
3. (photography) shutter

Declension

Declension of затво́р
(inan hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	затво́р zatvór	затво́ри zatvóry
genitive	затво́ра zatvóra	затво́рів zatvóriv
dative	затво́рові, затво́ру zatvórovi, zatvóru	затво́рам zatvóram
accusative	затво́р zatvór	затво́ри zatvóry
instrumental	затво́ром zatvórom	затво́рами zatvóramy
locative	затво́рі zatvóri	затво́рах zatvórax
vocative	затво́ре zatvóre	затво́ри zatvóry

Noun

затво́р • (zatvór) m inan (genitive затво́ру, nominative plural затво́ри, genitive plural затво́рів)

1. (dated sense) prison, jail (place of imprisonment)

   Synonyms: в'язни́ця f (vʺjaznýcja), темни́ця f (temnýcja), тюрма́ f (tjurmá)

2. (dated sense, religion) cell (a small room used by a hermit, monk, nun or anchorite)

   Synonym: ке́лія f (kélija)

Declension

Declension of затво́р
(inan hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	затво́р zatvór	затво́ри zatvóry
genitive	затво́ру zatvóru	затво́рів zatvóriv
dative	затво́рові, затво́ру zatvórovi, zatvóru	затво́рам zatvóram
accusative	затво́р zatvór	затво́ри zatvóry
instrumental	затво́ром zatvórom	затво́рами zatvóramy
locative	затво́рі zatvóri	затво́рах zatvórax
vocative	затво́ре zatvóre	затво́ри zatvóry

Related terms

• затво́рник m (zatvórnyk), затво́рниця f (zatvórnycja), затві́рник m (zatvírnyk), затві́рниця f (zatvírnycja)
• затво́рництво n (zatvórnyctvo), затві́рництво n (zatvírnyctvo)
• затво́рницький (zatvórnycʹkyj), затві́рницький (zatvírnycʹkyj)

References

• “затвор”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[1]

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1972), “затвор”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 3 (З), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 344
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “затвор”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “затвор”, in English–Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “затвор”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “затвор”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua, Slovnyk.ua]‎^[2]