بحر

See also: تخر, بجز, تجز, تجر, and بَجَر

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ب ح ر (b ḥ r)
7 terms

From Proto-West Semitic *baḥr- (“sea”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baħr/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

بَحْر • (baḥr) m (plural بِحَار (biḥār) or بُحُور (buḥūr) or أَبْحُر (ʔabḥur))

1. verbal noun of بَحَرَ (baḥara) (form I)
2. sea

   Coordinate terms: بَرّ (barr), جَوّ (jaww)

   فِي الصَّيْفِ، نُحِبُّ قِضَاءَ وَقْتٍ مُمْتَعٍ عَلَى شَوَاطِئِ الْبَحْرِ.

   fī ṣ-ṣayfi, nuḥibbu qiḍāʔa waqtin mumtaʕin ʕalā šawāṭiʔi l-baḥri.

   In the summer, we love spending enjoyable time on the seashore.

3. large river
4. a noble or great man (possessed of a sea of knowledge, experience and wisdom)
5. (poetry) poetic meter

Declension

Declension of noun بَحْر (baḥr)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بَحْر baḥr	الْبَحْر al-baḥr	بَحْر baḥr
nominative	بَحْرٌ baḥrun	الْبَحْرُ al-baḥru	بَحْرُ baḥru
accusative	بَحْرًا baḥran	الْبَحْرَ al-baḥra	بَحْرَ baḥra
genitive	بَحْرٍ baḥrin	الْبَحْرِ al-baḥri	بَحْرِ baḥri
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بَحْرَيْن baḥrayn	الْبَحْرَيْن al-baḥrayn	بَحْرَيْ baḥray
nominative	بَحْرَانِ baḥrāni	الْبَحْرَانِ al-baḥrāni	بَحْرَا baḥrā
accusative	بَحْرَيْنِ baḥrayni	الْبَحْرَيْنِ al-baḥrayni	بَحْرَيْ baḥray
genitive	بَحْرَيْنِ baḥrayni	الْبَحْرَيْنِ al-baḥrayni	بَحْرَيْ baḥray
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بِحَار‎; بُحُور‎; أَبْحُر biḥār‎; buḥūr‎; ʔabḥur	الْبِحَار‎; الْبُحُور‎; الْأَبْحُر al-biḥār‎; al-buḥūr‎; al-ʔabḥur	بِحَار‎; بُحُور‎; أَبْحُر biḥār‎; buḥūr‎; ʔabḥur
nominative	بِحَارٌ‎; بُحُورٌ‎; أَبْحُرٌ biḥārun‎; buḥūrun‎; ʔabḥurun	الْبِحَارُ‎; الْبُحُورُ‎; الْأَبْحُرُ al-biḥāru‎; al-buḥūru‎; al-ʔabḥuru	بِحَارُ‎; بُحُورُ‎; أَبْحُرُ biḥāru‎; buḥūru‎; ʔabḥuru
accusative	بِحَارًا‎; بُحُورًا‎; أَبْحُرًا biḥāran‎; buḥūran‎; ʔabḥuran	الْبِحَارَ‎; الْبُحُورَ‎; الْأَبْحُرَ al-biḥāra‎; al-buḥūra‎; al-ʔabḥura	بِحَارَ‎; بُحُورَ‎; أَبْحُرَ biḥāra‎; buḥūra‎; ʔabḥura
genitive	بِحَارٍ‎; بُحُورٍ‎; أَبْحُرٍ biḥārin‎; buḥūrin‎; ʔabḥurin	الْبِحَارِ‎; الْبُحُورِ‎; الْأَبْحُرِ al-biḥāri‎; al-buḥūri‎; al-ʔabḥuri	بِحَارِ‎; بُحُورِ‎; أَبْحُرِ biḥāri‎; buḥūri‎; ʔabḥuri

Derived terms

• أَمِير الْبَحْر (ʔamīr al-baḥr)
• مِنَ النَّهْرِ إلَى الْبَحْرِ (mina n-nahri ʔilā l-baḥri)

Descendants

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: بَحَر (bəḥər)
• Maltese: baħar
• Moroccan Arabic: بحر (bḥar)
• → Azerbaijani: bəhr
• → Bengali: বহর (bohor)
• → Lishana Deni: בחר (baḥḥaṛ)
• → Ottoman Turkish: بحر (baḥr)
  • Turkish: bahir
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਬਹਿਰ (bahir)

  Shahmukhi script: بحر (bḥr)

• → Swahili: bahari
  • → Malagasy: bahary
• → Turkmen: bakyr
• → Uzbek: bahr
• → Zaghawa: bahar

Etymology 2

Denominal verb from بَحْر (baḥr, “sea”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baħ.ħa.ra/

Verb

بَحَّرَ • (baḥḥara) II (non-past يُبَحِّرُ (yubaḥḥiru), verbal noun تَبْحِير (tabḥīr))

1. to travel by sea, to make a voyage

Conjugation

Conjugation of بَحَّرَ (II, sound, impersonal passive (?), verbal noun تَبْحِير)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَبْحِير tabḥīr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُبَحِّر mubaḥḥir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُبَحَّر mubaḥḥar
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَحَّرْتُ baḥḥartu	بَحَّرْتَ baḥḥarta	بَحَّرَ baḥḥara		بَحَّرْتُمَا baḥḥartumā	بَحَّرَا baḥḥarā		بَحَّرْنَا baḥḥarnā	بَحَّرْتُمْ baḥḥartum	بَحَّرُوا baḥḥarū
	f		بَحَّرْتِ baḥḥarti	بَحَّرَتْ baḥḥarat			بَحَّرَتَا baḥḥaratā			بَحَّرْتُنَّ baḥḥartunna	بَحَّرْنَ baḥḥarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُبَحِّرُ ʔubaḥḥiru	تُبَحِّرُ tubaḥḥiru	يُبَحِّرُ yubaḥḥiru		تُبَحِّرَانِ tubaḥḥirāni	يُبَحِّرَانِ yubaḥḥirāni		نُبَحِّرُ nubaḥḥiru	تُبَحِّرُونَ tubaḥḥirūna	يُبَحِّرُونَ yubaḥḥirūna
	f		تُبَحِّرِينَ tubaḥḥirīna	تُبَحِّرُ tubaḥḥiru			تُبَحِّرَانِ tubaḥḥirāni			تُبَحِّرْنَ tubaḥḥirna	يُبَحِّرْنَ yubaḥḥirna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُبَحِّرَ ʔubaḥḥira	تُبَحِّرَ tubaḥḥira	يُبَحِّرَ yubaḥḥira		تُبَحِّرَا tubaḥḥirā	يُبَحِّرَا yubaḥḥirā		نُبَحِّرَ nubaḥḥira	تُبَحِّرُوا tubaḥḥirū	يُبَحِّرُوا yubaḥḥirū
	f		تُبَحِّرِي tubaḥḥirī	تُبَحِّرَ tubaḥḥira			تُبَحِّرَا tubaḥḥirā			تُبَحِّرْنَ tubaḥḥirna	يُبَحِّرْنَ yubaḥḥirna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُبَحِّرْ ʔubaḥḥir	تُبَحِّرْ tubaḥḥir	يُبَحِّرْ yubaḥḥir		تُبَحِّرَا tubaḥḥirā	يُبَحِّرَا yubaḥḥirā		نُبَحِّرْ nubaḥḥir	تُبَحِّرُوا tubaḥḥirū	يُبَحِّرُوا yubaḥḥirū
	f		تُبَحِّرِي tubaḥḥirī	تُبَحِّرْ tubaḥḥir			تُبَحِّرَا tubaḥḥirā			تُبَحِّرْنَ tubaḥḥirna	يُبَحِّرْنَ yubaḥḥirna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بَحِّرْ baḥḥir			بَحِّرَا baḥḥirā				بَحِّرُوا baḥḥirū
	f		بَحِّرِي baḥḥirī							بَحِّرْنَ baḥḥirna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	بُحِّرَ buḥḥira		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُبَحَّرُ yubaḥḥaru		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُبَحَّرَ yubaḥḥara		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُبَحَّرْ yubaḥḥar		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Descendants

• Maltese: baħħar

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba.ħi.ra/

Verb

بَحِرَ • (baḥira) I (non-past يَبْحَرُ (yabḥaru), verbal noun بَحَر (baḥar))

1. to be startled, to be bewildered with fright

Conjugation

Conjugation of بَحِرَ (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal noun بَحَر)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						بَحَر baḥar
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						بَحِر, بَحِير baḥir, baḥīr
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَحِرْتُ baḥirtu	بَحِرْتَ baḥirta	بَحِرَ baḥira		بَحِرْتُمَا baḥirtumā	بَحِرَا baḥirā		بَحِرْنَا baḥirnā	بَحِرْتُمْ baḥirtum	بَحِرُوا baḥirū
	f		بَحِرْتِ baḥirti	بَحِرَتْ baḥirat			بَحِرَتَا baḥiratā			بَحِرْتُنَّ baḥirtunna	بَحِرْنَ baḥirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبْحَرُ ʔabḥaru	تَبْحَرُ tabḥaru	يَبْحَرُ yabḥaru		تَبْحَرَانِ tabḥarāni	يَبْحَرَانِ yabḥarāni		نَبْحَرُ nabḥaru	تَبْحَرُونَ tabḥarūna	يَبْحَرُونَ yabḥarūna
	f		تَبْحَرِينَ tabḥarīna	تَبْحَرُ tabḥaru			تَبْحَرَانِ tabḥarāni			تَبْحَرْنَ tabḥarna	يَبْحَرْنَ yabḥarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبْحَرَ ʔabḥara	تَبْحَرَ tabḥara	يَبْحَرَ yabḥara		تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā	يَبْحَرَا yabḥarā		نَبْحَرَ nabḥara	تَبْحَرُوا tabḥarū	يَبْحَرُوا yabḥarū
	f		تَبْحَرِي tabḥarī	تَبْحَرَ tabḥara			تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā			تَبْحَرْنَ tabḥarna	يَبْحَرْنَ yabḥarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبْحَرْ ʔabḥar	تَبْحَرْ tabḥar	يَبْحَرْ yabḥar		تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā	يَبْحَرَا yabḥarā		نَبْحَرْ nabḥar	تَبْحَرُوا tabḥarū	يَبْحَرُوا yabḥarū
	f		تَبْحَرِي tabḥarī	تَبْحَرْ tabḥar			تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā			تَبْحَرْنَ tabḥarna	يَبْحَرْنَ yabḥarna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِبْحَرْ ibḥar			اِبْحَرَا ibḥarā				اِبْحَرُوا ibḥarū
	f		اِبْحَرِي ibḥarī							اِبْحَرْنَ ibḥarna

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba.ħa.ra/

Verb

بَحَرَ • (baḥara) I (non-past يَبْحَرُ (yabḥaru), verbal noun بَحْر (baḥr))

1. to slit, to cut lengthwise
2. to split
3. to enlarge, to make wide

Conjugation

Conjugation of بَحَرَ (I, sound, a ~ a, full passive, verbal noun بَحْر)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						بَحْر baḥr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						بَاحِر bāḥir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَبْحُور mabḥūr
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَحَرْتُ baḥartu	بَحَرْتَ baḥarta	بَحَرَ baḥara		بَحَرْتُمَا baḥartumā	بَحَرَا baḥarā		بَحَرْنَا baḥarnā	بَحَرْتُمْ baḥartum	بَحَرُوا baḥarū
	f		بَحَرْتِ baḥarti	بَحَرَتْ baḥarat			بَحَرَتَا baḥaratā			بَحَرْتُنَّ baḥartunna	بَحَرْنَ baḥarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبْحَرُ ʔabḥaru	تَبْحَرُ tabḥaru	يَبْحَرُ yabḥaru		تَبْحَرَانِ tabḥarāni	يَبْحَرَانِ yabḥarāni		نَبْحَرُ nabḥaru	تَبْحَرُونَ tabḥarūna	يَبْحَرُونَ yabḥarūna
	f		تَبْحَرِينَ tabḥarīna	تَبْحَرُ tabḥaru			تَبْحَرَانِ tabḥarāni			تَبْحَرْنَ tabḥarna	يَبْحَرْنَ yabḥarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبْحَرَ ʔabḥara	تَبْحَرَ tabḥara	يَبْحَرَ yabḥara		تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā	يَبْحَرَا yabḥarā		نَبْحَرَ nabḥara	تَبْحَرُوا tabḥarū	يَبْحَرُوا yabḥarū
	f		تَبْحَرِي tabḥarī	تَبْحَرَ tabḥara			تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā			تَبْحَرْنَ tabḥarna	يَبْحَرْنَ yabḥarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبْحَرْ ʔabḥar	تَبْحَرْ tabḥar	يَبْحَرْ yabḥar		تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā	يَبْحَرَا yabḥarā		نَبْحَرْ nabḥar	تَبْحَرُوا tabḥarū	يَبْحَرُوا yabḥarū
	f		تَبْحَرِي tabḥarī	تَبْحَرْ tabḥar			تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā			تَبْحَرْنَ tabḥarna	يَبْحَرْنَ yabḥarna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِبْحَرْ ibḥar			اِبْحَرَا ibḥarā				اِبْحَرُوا ibḥarū
	f		اِبْحَرِي ibḥarī							اِبْحَرْنَ ibḥarna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بُحِرْتُ buḥirtu	بُحِرْتَ buḥirta	بُحِرَ buḥira		بُحِرْتُمَا buḥirtumā	بُحِرَا buḥirā		بُحِرْنَا buḥirnā	بُحِرْتُمْ buḥirtum	بُحِرُوا buḥirū
	f		بُحِرْتِ buḥirti	بُحِرَتْ buḥirat			بُحِرَتَا buḥiratā			بُحِرْتُنَّ buḥirtunna	بُحِرْنَ buḥirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُبْحَرُ ʔubḥaru	تُبْحَرُ tubḥaru	يُبْحَرُ yubḥaru		تُبْحَرَانِ tubḥarāni	يُبْحَرَانِ yubḥarāni		نُبْحَرُ nubḥaru	تُبْحَرُونَ tubḥarūna	يُبْحَرُونَ yubḥarūna
	f		تُبْحَرِينَ tubḥarīna	تُبْحَرُ tubḥaru			تُبْحَرَانِ tubḥarāni			تُبْحَرْنَ tubḥarna	يُبْحَرْنَ yubḥarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُبْحَرَ ʔubḥara	تُبْحَرَ tubḥara	يُبْحَرَ yubḥara		تُبْحَرَا tubḥarā	يُبْحَرَا yubḥarā		نُبْحَرَ nubḥara	تُبْحَرُوا tubḥarū	يُبْحَرُوا yubḥarū
	f		تُبْحَرِي tubḥarī	تُبْحَرَ tubḥara			تُبْحَرَا tubḥarā			تُبْحَرْنَ tubḥarna	يُبْحَرْنَ yubḥarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُبْحَرْ ʔubḥar	تُبْحَرْ tubḥar	يُبْحَرْ yubḥar		تُبْحَرَا tubḥarā	يُبْحَرَا yubḥarā		نُبْحَرْ nubḥar	تُبْحَرُوا tubḥarū	يُبْحَرُوا yubḥarū
	f		تُبْحَرِي tubḥarī	تُبْحَرْ tubḥar			تُبْحَرَا tubḥarā			تُبْحَرْنَ tubḥarna	يُبْحَرْنَ yubḥarna

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba.ħar/

Noun

بَحَر • (baḥar) m

1. verbal noun of بَحِرَ (baḥira) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun بَحَر (baḥar)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بَحَر baḥar	الْبَحَر al-baḥar	بَحَر baḥar
nominative	بَحَرٌ baḥarun	الْبَحَرُ al-baḥaru	بَحَرُ baḥaru
accusative	بَحَرًا baḥaran	الْبَحَرَ al-baḥara	بَحَرَ baḥara
genitive	بَحَرٍ baḥarin	الْبَحَرِ al-baḥari	بَحَرِ baḥari

References

• Freytag, Georg (1830), “بحر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 87–88
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “بحر”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, pages 88–89
• Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “بحر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 156–157.
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “بحر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 66–67

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic بَحْر (baḥr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bəħər/

Noun

بَحَر • (baḥar) m (plural بِحَار (biḥār))

1. sea
2. beach

   Synonym: (dated or obsolete) جال (jāl)

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic بَحْر (baḥr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baħar/

Noun

بحر • (baḥar) m (construct state بَحْر (baḥr), plural بحور (buḥūr) or بحار (biḥār))

1. sea
2. beach

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ب ح ر
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic بَحْر (baḥr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bħar/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

بحر • (bḥar) m (plural بحور (bḥūr) or بحار (bḥār))

1. sea
2. beach

Descendants

• → Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵍⴱⵃⵔ (lbḥr)
• → Tarifit: řebḥar
• → Tashelhit: lbḥṛ

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic بَحْر (baḥr). For the adverb, compare Spanish la mar (“very; a lot”, literally “the sea”) and Western Neo-Aramaic [script needed] (baḥar, “a lot”, literally “ocean”), the latter development possibly related.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaħ(ᵊ)r/
• (Beqaa) IPA^(key): /baħr/ [baːħr]

Noun

بَحْر • (baḥr) m (plural بحار (bḥār) or بحور (bḥūr))

1. ocean, sea

Adverb

بَحْر • (baḥr)

1. (regional, Matn, possibly dated) a lot

   Synonym: كْتِير (ktīr, “a lot”)

   Near-synonym: خَيْر الله (ḵayr ʔaḷḷa, “an abundance”, adverbial, literally “God's goodness”)

   • c. 1955–1974, Henri Fleisch, “Compléments concernant la préséntation des textes dialectaux”, in Études d'Arabe Dialectal [Studies of Dialectal Arabic], Exposés concernant les études précédentes sur le dialectal libanais (overall work in French), Beirut: Dar el-Machreq, published 1974, →ISBN, →OCLC, Qornet Chahouâne, page 289:

     baḥr « beaucoup »: byeštᵊġel baḥr « il travaille beaucoup ». Dans le Dict. manuscrit de J. Harfouche, l-läi̯mūn fi yāfa baḥr « à Jaffa les oranges se trouvent à foison ».

     بَحْر (baḥr, “a lot”): بيِشْتِغِل بَحْر (byištiḡil baḥr, “he works a lot”). In the handwritten Dict. of J. Harfouche, اللَّيْمُون فِي يَافَا بَحْر (l-laymūn fi yāfa baḥr, “in Jaffa, oranges abound”).

     The Dict. in question is, according to page 146: J. Harfouche, Dictionnaire arabe–français, dialecte libanais; manuscrit en la possession de l’Imprimerie Catholique, Beyrouth, malheureusement incomplet.

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic بَحْر (baḥr).

Noun

بحر • (bahr)

1. (geography) sea

   Synonyms: دكز (deniz), دریا (derya)

Derived terms

• بحر سیاه (Bahr-i Siyah, “Black Sea”)

Related terms

• بحیره (buheyre, “lake, small sea”)

Descendants

• Turkish: bahir

References

• Redhouse, J. W. (1884), “sea”, in A Lexicon, English and Turkish, 3rd edition, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 667

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَحْر (baḥr).

Noun

بحر • (bahr) m

1. sea
2. (Poetry) meter, rhythm

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَحْر (baḥr).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbahr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäɦɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäɦɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bäɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bäɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bæɦɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bäɦɾ]

• Rhymes: -ahr

Readings
Classical reading?	bahr
Dari reading?	bahr
Iranian reading?	bahr
Tajik reading?	bahr

Noun

بحر • (bahr) (Tajik spelling баҳр)

1. (Dari Tajik, archaic in Iran) sea

   Synonym: دَریا (daryâ)

Related terms

Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ب ح ر (0 c, 3 e)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ب ح ر
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic بَحْر (baḥr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba.ħar/, [ˈbɑ.ħɑrˤ]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Noun

بحر • (baḥar) m (plural أبحار (ʔabḥār) or بحار (bḥār) or بحور (bḥūr))

1. sea

Derived terms

• البحر الميت (il-baḥr il-mayyet, “Dead Sea”)
• البحر الأحمر (il-baḥr il-ʔaḥmar, “Red Sea”)
• البحر الأبيض المتوسط (il-baḥr il-ʔabyaḍ il-mutawasseṭ, “Mediterranean Sea”)

See also

• بحيرة (buḥayra, “lake”)
• محيط (muḥīṭ, “ocean”)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بحر (bahr), from Arabic بَحْر (baḥr).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /bəɦɾ/, [bɛ.ɦ(ɛ)ɾ]

Noun

بَحْر • (bahr) m (formal plural بحار, Hindi spelling बहर)

1. (geography) ocean

   بحرِ ہند ― bahr-e-hind ― Indian Ocean

2. sea
3. meter

Synonyms

• (sea): سمندر (samandar), بحیرہ (bahīra), ساگر (sāgar)

Derived terms

• بَحْر اُلْکاہِل (bahr-ul-kāhil)
• بَحْرِ اُوقِیَانُوس (bahr-e-ūqiyānūs)
• بَحْرِ ہِنْد (bahr-e-hind)
• بَحْرِ مُنْجَمِد جُنُوبی (bahr-e-munjamid junūbī)
• بَحْرِ مُنْجَمِد شُمالی (bahr-e-munjamid śumālī)