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جو

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Arabic

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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جَوّ (jawwm (dual جَوَّانِ (jawwāni), plural أَجْوَاء (ʔajwāʔ) or جِوَاء (jiwāʔ))

  1. air (the apparently open space above the ground)
    Coordinate terms: بَحْر (baḥr), بَرّ (barr)
  2. weather
  3. atmosphere
  4. (figurative) atmosphere (apparent mood)
  5. wide valley
  6. open pasture-ground
  7. interior of a house
    Antonym: بَرّ (barr)
  8. hall

Declension

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Declension of noun جَوّ (jaww)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal جَوّ
jaww
الْجَوّ
al-jaww
جَوّ
jaww
nominative جَوٌّ
jawwun
الْجَوُّ
al-jawwu
جَوُّ
jawwu
accusative جَوًّا
jawwan
الْجَوَّ
al-jawwa
جَوَّ
jawwa
genitive جَوٍّ
jawwin
الْجَوِّ
al-jawwi
جَوِّ
jawwi
dual indefinite definite construct
informal جَوَّيْن
jawwayn
الْجَوَّيْن
al-jawwayn
جَوَّيْ
jawway
nominative جَوَّانِ
jawwāni
الْجَوَّانِ
al-jawwāni
جَوَّا
jawwā
accusative جَوَّيْنِ
jawwayni
الْجَوَّيْنِ
al-jawwayni
جَوَّيْ
jawway
genitive جَوَّيْنِ
jawwayni
الْجَوَّيْنِ
al-jawwayni
جَوَّيْ
jawway
plural basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal أَجْوَاء‎; جِوَاء
ʔajwāʔ‎; jiwāʔ
الْأَجْوَاء‎; الْجِوَاء
al-ʔajwāʔ‎; al-jiwāʔ
أَجْوَاء‎; جِوَاء
ʔajwāʔ‎; jiwāʔ
nominative أَجْوَاءٌ‎; جِوَاءٌ
ʔajwāʔun‎; jiwāʔun
الْأَجْوَاءُ‎; الْجِوَاءُ
al-ʔajwāʔu‎; al-jiwāʔu
أَجْوَاءُ‎; جِوَاءُ
ʔajwāʔu‎; jiwāʔu
accusative أَجْوَاءً‎; جِوَاءً
ʔajwāʔan‎; jiwāʔan
الْأَجْوَاءَ‎; الْجِوَاءَ
al-ʔajwāʔa‎; al-jiwāʔa
أَجْوَاءَ‎; جِوَاءَ
ʔajwāʔa‎; jiwāʔa
genitive أَجْوَاءٍ‎; جِوَاءٍ
ʔajwāʔin‎; jiwāʔin
الْأَجْوَاءِ‎; الْجِوَاءِ
al-ʔajwāʔi‎; al-jiwāʔi
أَجْوَاءِ‎; جِوَاءِ
ʔajwāʔi‎; jiwāʔi

Derived terms

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References

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Baluchi

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Noun

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جو (joho)

  1. barley

Persian

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (Šᵍ /⁠jaw⁠/), from Old Persian *yáwaʰ, from Proto-Iranian *yáwah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáwas, from Proto-Indo-European *yéwos (barley, cereal).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? jaw
Dari reading? jaw
Iranian reading? jow
Tajik reading? jav

Noun

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Dari جو
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҷав

جو (jow)

  1. barley
  2. grain

Etymology 2

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From Middle Persian [script needed] (joi) or Middle Persian [script needed] (yoi), from Old Persian 𐎹𐎢𐎻𐎹𐎠 (yauviya), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yaw(i)yā́ (stream, canal). Cognate with Northern Kurdish co and Sanskrit यव्या (yavyā).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading?
Dari reading?
Iranian reading? ju
Tajik reading?

Noun

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Dari جو, جوی
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҷӯ, ҷӯй

جو (ju)

  1. stream
  2. brook
  3. irrigation channel
Alternative forms
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Etymology 3

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From Arabic جَوّ (jaww, weather, environment).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? jaww
Dari reading? jaww
Iranian reading? javv
Tajik reading? javv

Noun

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جو (javv)

  1. air
  2. sky
  3. atmosphere

Etymology 4

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Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? jō, jū
Dari reading? jō, jū
Iranian reading? ju
Tajik reading? jü, ju

Verb

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جو (ju)

  1. present stem form of جستن (jostan), suffixed form indicating "seeker"/"seeking"
Derived terms
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Sindhi

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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جو (jo) (Devanagari जो)

  1. of; genitive case marker

References

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  • Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “جو”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
  • Khānu, Balocu (19601988) “جو”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

South Levantine Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic جَوّ (jaww).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʒaww/, [ʒaw]
  • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

Noun

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جوّ (jawwm (plural أجواء (ʔajwāʔ))

  1. air
    Synonym: هوا (hawa)
  2. atmosphere
  3. weather
    Synonym: طقس (ṭaʔs)

Ternate

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Noun

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جو

  1. Jawi spelling of joo‎‎, shortened form of جوو (joou).

References

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  • Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890) Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill

Urdu

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Etymology

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Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑁄 (jo), from Sanskrit यः (yáḥ), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hyás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyás, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyós.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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جو (jom or f by sense (Hindi spelling जो)

  1. the relative pronoun:
    1. who; whoever
    2. whichever
    3. whatever

Declension

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Pronoun declension of جو
singular plural
direct جو (jo) جے (je (obsolete))
indirect جِس (jis) جِن (jin)
ergative جِس نے (jis ne) جِنھوں نے (jinhõ ne)
genitive جِس کا (jis kā) جِن کا (jin kā)
dative جِسے, جِس کو (jise, jis ko) جِنِہیں, جِن کو (jinhẽ, jin ko)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 601

Further reading

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  • S. W. Fallon (1879) “جو”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “جو”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “جو”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
  • جو”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
  • John Shakespear (1834) “جو”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
  • جو”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.