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قلعة

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: قلعہ and قلعه

Arabic

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قَلْعَة
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    Etymology 1

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    Unknown. Possibilities include:

    • From the Arabic root ق ل ع (q-l-ʕ).
    • From Persian کلات (kalât, fortress), since a borrowing of this word regularly yields the shape قَلْعَة (qalʕa). Akin to Mazanderani کلا (kalâ, borough) and probably Old Armenian քաղաք (kʻałakʻ, town) (under ancient circumstances “fortress, castle” and “town” isn’t necessarily a meaning difference).
    • From the name of the Malay town below, after its high walls, perhaps supported by how the vocalization varies between قَلْعَة (qalʕa), قِلْعَة (qilʕa) and قَلَعَة (qalaʕa).
    • From Proto-Turkic *kiāl-mak (to remain). Compare the early Turkic borrowing for a fortification خَازُوق (ḵāzūq, pale, stake).

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /qal.ʕa/, (less common) IPA(key): /qil.ʕa/
      • (Hijazi) IPA(key): [ɡal.ʕa], [qal.ʕa]

    Noun

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    قَلْعَة or قِلْعَة (qalʕa or qilʕaf (plural قِلَاع (qilāʕ) or قُلُوع (qulūʕ) or قَلَعَات (qalaʕāt))

    1. fortress, fort, castle
    Declension
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    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    Toponyms
    • Spanish: Alcalá
    • Sicilian: Carta-
    • Sicilian: Cala-
    • Arabic: قَلْعَةْ النِسَاء (qalʕat an-nisāʔ, Fort of the Women)

    Etymology 2

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    Root
    ق ل ع (q l ʕ)
    14 terms

    Noun

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    قُلْعَة (qulʕaf

    1. (obsolete) distancing oneself, remotion, depart, not resting
      Synonym: رِحْلَة (riḥla)
    Declension
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    Etymology 3

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    Proper noun

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    قَلْعَة or قِلْعَة (qalʕa or qilʕaf

    1. alternative form of كَلَة (kala, the tin-exporting port town)
    Declension
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    Derived terms
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    References

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    • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قلعة”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 396
    • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 237
    • Freytag, Georg (1835) “قلعة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 490
    • Mirzoyan, Knarik, Charchyan, Tadevos (2016) “Some Persian Loanwords in Tatar Language”, in Problems of Oriental Studies[3], volume 12, Yerevan: University Press, page 256
    • Siddiqi, Abdussattar (1919) Studien über die Persischen Fremdwörter im klassischen Arabisch (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 70–71
    • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قلعة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[4], London: W.H. Allen, page 853
    • Wehr, Hans (1979) “قلعة”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 920

    Hijazi Arabic

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    Root
    ق ل ع
    3 terms

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ɡal.ʕa/ (used for the sense of "expulsion")
      • IPA(key): /ɡal.ʕa/, [qal.ʕa] ([q] pronunciation used for the sense of "fort, fortress, castle")

    Etymology 1

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    Probably from Arabic قُلْعَة (qulʕa).

    Noun

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    قلعة (galʕaf (plural قلعات (ɡalʕāt))

    1. usually used in the (idiomatic) phrase; go to hell, out the window
      قلعة تقلعك
      galʕa tiglaʕak
      get out of here
    2. explosion
      Synonym: طردة (ṭarda)

    Etymology 2

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    Learned borrowing from Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa).

    Noun

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    قلعة (galʕaf (plural قلعات (galʕāt) or قلاع (gilāʕ))

    1. fort, fortress, castle
    2. (chess) rook

    South Levantine Arabic

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    Etymology

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    Learned borrowing from Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa).

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /qal.ʕe/, [ˈqɑl.ʕa]
    • IPA(key): /qal.ʕa/, [ˈqɑl.ʕa]
    • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

    Noun

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    قلعة (qalʕaf (plural قلاع (qilāʕ))

    1. fort, fortress, castle
    2. (chess) rook

    See also

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    Chess pieces in South Levantine Arabic · قطع الشطرنج (ʔuṭaʕ iš-šaṭranj) (layout · text)
    ♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
    ملك (malik) ملكة (malike) قلعة (ʔalʕa) وزير (wazīr) حصان (ḥsān) جندي (jundi)