قلعة
Appearance
Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Unknown. Possibilities include:
- From the Arabic root ق ل ع (q-l-ʕ).
- From Persian کلات (kalât, “fortress”), since a borrowing of this word regularly yields the shape قَلْعَة (qalʕa). Akin to Mazanderani کلا (kalâ, “borough”) and probably Old Armenian քաղաք (kʻałakʻ, “town”) (under ancient circumstances “fortress, castle” and “town” isn’t necessarily a meaning difference).
- From the name of the Malay town below, after its high walls, perhaps supported by how the vocalization varies between قَلْعَة (qalʕa), قِلْعَة (qilʕa) and قَلَعَة (qalaʕa).
- From Proto-Turkic *kiāl-mak (“to remain”). Compare the early Turkic borrowing for a fortification خَازُوق (ḵāzūq, “pale, stake”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]قَلْعَة or قِلْعَة • (qalʕa or qilʕa) f (plural قِلَاع (qilāʕ) or قُلُوع (qulūʕ) or قَلَعَات (qalaʕāt))
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun قَلْعَة (qalʕa); قِلْعَة (qilʕa)
Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | قَلْعَة; قِلْعَة qalʕa; qilʕa |
الْقَلْعَة; الْقِلْعَة al-qalʕa; al-qilʕa |
قَلْعَة; قِلْعَة qalʕat; qilʕat |
Nominative | قَلْعَةٌ; قِلْعَةٌ qalʕatun; qilʕatun |
الْقَلْعَةُ; الْقِلْعَةُ al-qalʕatu; al-qilʕatu |
قَلْعَةُ; قِلْعَةُ qalʕatu; qilʕatu |
Accusative | قَلْعَةً; قِلْعَةً qalʕatan; qilʕatan |
الْقَلْعَةَ; الْقِلْعَةَ al-qalʕata; al-qilʕata |
قَلْعَةَ; قِلْعَةَ qalʕata; qilʕata |
Genitive | قَلْعَةٍ; قِلْعَةٍ qalʕatin; qilʕatin |
الْقَلْعَةِ; الْقِلْعَةِ al-qalʕati; al-qilʕati |
قَلْعَةِ; قِلْعَةِ qalʕati; qilʕati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | قَلْعَتَيْن; قِلْعَتَيْن qalʕatayn; qilʕatayn |
الْقَلْعَتَيْن; الْقِلْعَتَيْن al-qalʕatayn; al-qilʕatayn |
قَلْعَتَيْ; قِلْعَتَيْ qalʕatay; qilʕatay |
Nominative | قَلْعَتَانِ; قِلْعَتَانِ qalʕatāni; qilʕatāni |
الْقَلْعَتَانِ; الْقِلْعَتَانِ al-qalʕatāni; al-qilʕatāni |
قَلْعَتَا; قِلْعَتَا qalʕatā; qilʕatā |
Accusative | قَلْعَتَيْنِ; قِلْعَتَيْنِ qalʕatayni; qilʕatayni |
الْقَلْعَتَيْنِ; الْقِلْعَتَيْنِ al-qalʕatayni; al-qilʕatayni |
قَلْعَتَيْ; قِلْعَتَيْ qalʕatay; qilʕatay |
Genitive | قَلْعَتَيْنِ; قِلْعَتَيْنِ qalʕatayni; qilʕatayni |
الْقَلْعَتَيْنِ; الْقِلْعَتَيْنِ al-qalʕatayni; al-qilʕatayni |
قَلْعَتَيْ; قِلْعَتَيْ qalʕatay; qilʕatay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote; sound feminine plural | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | قِلَاع; قُلُوع; قَلَعَات qilāʕ; qulūʕ; qalaʕāt |
الْقِلَاع; الْقُلُوع; الْقَلَعَات al-qilāʕ; al-qulūʕ; al-qalaʕāt |
قِلَاع; قُلُوع; قَلَعَات qilāʕ; qulūʕ; qalaʕāt |
Nominative | قِلَاعٌ; قُلُوعٌ; قَلَعَاتٌ qilāʕun; qulūʕun; qalaʕātun |
الْقِلَاعُ; الْقُلُوعُ; الْقَلَعَاتُ al-qilāʕu; al-qulūʕu; al-qalaʕātu |
قِلَاعُ; قُلُوعُ; قَلَعَاتُ qilāʕu; qulūʕu; qalaʕātu |
Accusative | قِلَاعًا; قُلُوعًا; قَلَعَاتٍ qilāʕan; qulūʕan; qalaʕātin |
الْقِلَاعَ; الْقُلُوعَ; الْقَلَعَاتِ al-qilāʕa; al-qulūʕa; al-qalaʕāti |
قِلَاعَ; قُلُوعَ; قَلَعَاتِ qilāʕa; qulūʕa; qalaʕāti |
Genitive | قِلَاعٍ; قُلُوعٍ; قَلَعَاتٍ qilāʕin; qulūʕin; qalaʕātin |
الْقِلَاعِ; الْقُلُوعِ; الْقَلَعَاتِ al-qilāʕi; al-qulūʕi; al-qalaʕāti |
قِلَاعِ; قُلُوعِ; قَلَعَاتِ qilāʕi; qulūʕi; qalaʕāti |
Derived terms
[edit]- قُلَيْعَة (qulayʕa, diminutive)
Descendants
[edit]- → Middle Armenian: կլայ (klay)
- → Persian: قلعه (qal'e)
- → Tabasaran: гъала (ġala)
- Toponyms
- → Spanish: Alcalá
- → Sicilian: Carta-
- → Sicilian: Cala-
- ⇒ Arabic: قَلْعَةْ النِسَاء (qalʕat an-nisāʔ, “Fort of the Women”)
- → Italian: Caltanissetta
Etymology 2
[edit]Root |
---|
ق ل ع (q l ʕ) |
14 terms |
Noun
[edit]قُلْعَة • (qulʕa) f
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun قُلْعَة (qulʕa)
Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | قُلْعَة qulʕa |
الْقُلْعَة al-qulʕa |
قُلْعَة qulʕat |
Nominative | قُلْعَةٌ qulʕatun |
الْقُلْعَةُ al-qulʕatu |
قُلْعَةُ qulʕatu |
Accusative | قُلْعَةً qulʕatan |
الْقُلْعَةَ al-qulʕata |
قُلْعَةَ qulʕata |
Genitive | قُلْعَةٍ qulʕatin |
الْقُلْعَةِ al-qulʕati |
قُلْعَةِ qulʕati |
Etymology 3
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]قَلْعَة or قِلْعَة • (qalʕa or qilʕa) f
- alternative form of كَلَة (kala, “the tin-exporting port town”)
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun قَلْعَة (qalʕa); قِلْعَة (qilʕa)
Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | — | قَلْعَة; قِلْعَة qalʕa; qilʕa |
— |
Nominative | — | قَلْعَةٌ; قِلْعَةٌ qalʕatun; qilʕatun |
— |
Accusative | — | قَلْعَةً; قِلْعَةً qalʕatan; qilʕatan |
— |
Genitive | — | قَلْعَةٍ; قِلْعَةٍ qalʕatin; qilʕatin |
— |
Derived terms
[edit]- قَلْعِيّ (qalʕiyy)
References
[edit]- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قلعة”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 396
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 237
- Freytag, Georg (1835) “قلعة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 490
- Mirzoyan, Knarik, Charchyan, Tadevos (2016) “Some Persian Loanwords in Tatar Language”, in Problems of Oriental Studies[3], volume 12, Yerevan: University Press, page 256
- Siddiqi, Abdussattar (1919) Studien über die Persischen Fremdwörter im klassischen Arabisch (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 70–71
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قلعة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[4], London: W.H. Allen, page 853
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “قلعة”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 920
Hijazi Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
ق ل ع |
3 terms |
Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Probably from Arabic قُلْعَة (qulʕa).
Noun
[edit]قلعة • (galʕa) f (plural قلعات (ɡalʕāt))
- usually used in the (idiomatic) phrase; go to hell, out the window
- قلعة تقلعك
- galʕa tiglaʕak
- get out of here
- explosion
- Synonym: طردة (ṭarda)
Etymology 2
[edit]Learned borrowing from Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa).
Noun
[edit]قلعة • (galʕa) f (plural قلعات (galʕāt) or قلاع (gilāʕ))
South Levantine Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]قلعة • (qalʕa) f (plural قلاع (qilāʕ))
See also
[edit]Chess pieces in South Levantine Arabic · قطع الشطرنج (ʔuṭaʕ iš-šaṭranj) (layout · text) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ملك (malik) | ملكة (malike) | قلعة (ʔalʕa) | وزير (wazīr) | حصان (ḥsān) | جندي (jundi) |
Categories:
- Arabic terms with unknown etymologies
- Arabic terms borrowed from Persian
- Arabic terms derived from Persian
- Arabic terms borrowed from Old Armenian
- Arabic terms derived from Old Armenian
- Arabic terms borrowed from Malay
- Arabic terms derived from Malay
- Arabic terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hijazi Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic feminine nouns
- Arabic nouns with triptote singular in -a
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic nouns with sound feminine plural
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ق ل ع
- Arabic obsolete terms
- Arabic proper nouns
- Arabic definite nouns
- ar:Buildings
- Hijazi Arabic terms belonging to the root ق ل ع
- Hijazi Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic lemmas
- Hijazi Arabic nouns
- Hijazi Arabic feminine nouns
- Hijazi Arabic idioms
- Hijazi Arabic terms with usage examples
- Hijazi Arabic terms borrowed from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic learned borrowings from Arabic
- acw:Chess
- South Levantine Arabic terms borrowed from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic learned borrowings from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic terms with audio pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic nouns
- South Levantine Arabic feminine nouns
- ajp:Chess