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ملك

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ملک

Arabic

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Etymology 1.1

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Shortened version of مَلْأَك (malʔak).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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مَلَك (malakm (plural مَلَائِكَة (malāʔika) or مَلَائِك (malāʔik))

  1. Alternative form of مَلْأَك (malʔak): angel
    • a. 538, أبو جندب الهُذَليّ المشؤوم, ديوان الهذليين:
      مَنْ مُبْلِغٌ مَلَائِكِي حُبْشِيًّا أَخَا
      بَنِي زُلَيْفَةَ الصُّبْحِيَّا؟
      man mubliḡun malāʔikī ḥubšiyyan ʔaḵā
      banī zulayfata ṣ-ṣubḥiyyā?
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 12:31:
      فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتْ بِمَكْرِهِنَّ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِنَّ وَأَعْتَدَتْ لَهُنَّ مُتَّكَأً وَآتَتْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِّنْهُنَّ سِكِّينًا وَقَالَتِ ٱخْرُجْ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهُ أَكْبَرْنَهُ وَقَطَّعْنَ أَيْدِيَهُنَّ وَقُلْنَ حَاشَ لِلّٰهِ مَا هَٰذَا بَشَرًا إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا مَلَكٌ كَرِيمٌ
      fa-lammā samiʕat bi-makrihinna ʔarsalat ʔilayhinna wa-ʔaʕtadat lahunna muttakaʔan wa-ʔātat kulla wāḥidatin minhunna sikkīnan wa-qālati ḵruj ʕalayhinna fa-lammā raʔaynahu ʔakbarnahu wa-qaṭṭaʕna ʔaydiyahunna wa-qulna ḥāša li-llāhi mā hāḏā bašaran ʔin hāḏā ʔillā malakun karīmun
      When she heard about their gossip, she invited them and set a banquet for them. She gave each one a knife, then said [to Joseph], “Come out before them.” When they saw him, they were so stunned [by his beauty] that they cut their hands, and exclaimed, “Good God! This cannot be human; this must be a noble angel!”
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 17:95:
      قُل لَّوْ كَانَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَلَائِكَةٌ يَمْشُونَ مُطْمَئِنِّينَ لَنَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ مَلَكًا رَّسُولًا
      qul law kāna fī l-ʔarḍi malāʔikatun yamšūna muṭmaʔinnīna la-nazzalnā ʕalayhim mina s-samāʔi malakan rasūlan
      Say, “Had there been angels walking the earth, well settled, We would have surely sent down for them an angel from heaven as a messenger.”
Declension
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Declension of noun مَلَك (malak)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal مَلَك
malak
الْمَلَك
al-malak
مَلَك
malak
nominative مَلَكٌ
malakun
الْمَلَكُ
al-malaku
مَلَكُ
malaku
accusative مَلَكًا
malakan
الْمَلَكَ
al-malaka
مَلَكَ
malaka
genitive مَلَكٍ
malakin
الْمَلَكِ
al-malaki
مَلَكِ
malaki
dual indefinite definite construct
informal مَلَكَيْن
malakayn
الْمَلَكَيْن
al-malakayn
مَلَكَيْ
malakay
nominative مَلَكَانِ
malakāni
الْمَلَكَانِ
al-malakāni
مَلَكَا
malakā
accusative مَلَكَيْنِ
malakayni
الْمَلَكَيْنِ
al-malakayni
مَلَكَيْ
malakay
genitive مَلَكَيْنِ
malakayni
الْمَلَكَيْنِ
al-malakayni
مَلَكَيْ
malakay
plural broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)‎;
basic broken plural diptote
indefinite definite construct
informal مَلَائِكَة‎; مَلَائِك
malāʔika‎; malāʔik
الْمَلَائِكَة‎; الْمَلَائِك
al-malāʔika‎; al-malāʔik
مَلَائِكَة‎; مَلَائِك
malāʔikat‎; malāʔik
nominative مَلَائِكَةٌ‎; مَلَائِكُ
malāʔikatun‎; malāʔiku
الْمَلَائِكَةُ‎; الْمَلَائِكُ
al-malāʔikatu‎; al-malāʔiku
مَلَائِكَةُ‎; مَلَائِكُ
malāʔikatu‎; malāʔiku
accusative مَلَائِكَةً‎; مَلَائِكَ
malāʔikatan‎; malāʔika
الْمَلَائِكَةَ‎; الْمَلَائِكَ
al-malāʔikata‎; al-malāʔika
مَلَائِكَةَ‎; مَلَائِكَ
malāʔikata‎; malāʔika
genitive مَلَائِكَةٍ‎; مَلَائِكَ
malāʔikatin‎; malāʔika
الْمَلَائِكَةِ‎; الْمَلَائِكِ
al-malāʔikati‎; al-malāʔiki
مَلَائِكَةِ‎; مَلَائِكِ
malāʔikati‎; malāʔiki
Descendants
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  • Azerbaijani: mələk
  • Gagauz: melek
  • Ottoman Turkish: ملك (melek)
  • Persian: ملک (malak)


Etymology 2.1

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From Proto-Semitic *malk-. The insertion of the vowel i is irregular, leading, though it could be a prop vowel as in إِبِل (ʔibil), to the suggestion that it is instead borrowed from an archaic Aramaic predecessor to Aramaic מַלְכָּא (malkā, king), along with the clear borrowing مَلَكُوت (malakūt).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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مَلِك (malikm (plural مُلُوك (mulūk) or أَمْلَاك (ʔamlāk), feminine مَلِكَة (malika))

  1. king, sovereign, monarch
  2. (video games) a boss
Declension
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Declension of noun مَلِك (malik)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal مَلِك
malik
الْمَلِك
al-malik
مَلِك
malik
nominative مَلِكٌ
malikun
الْمَلِكُ
al-maliku
مَلِكُ
maliku
accusative مَلِكًا
malikan
الْمَلِكَ
al-malika
مَلِكَ
malika
genitive مَلِكٍ
malikin
الْمَلِكِ
al-maliki
مَلِكِ
maliki
dual indefinite definite construct
informal مَلِكَيْن
malikayn
الْمَلِكَيْن
al-malikayn
مَلِكَيْ
malikay
nominative مَلِكَانِ
malikāni
الْمَلِكَانِ
al-malikāni
مَلِكَا
malikā
accusative مَلِكَيْنِ
malikayni
الْمَلِكَيْنِ
al-malikayni
مَلِكَيْ
malikay
genitive مَلِكَيْنِ
malikayni
الْمَلِكَيْنِ
al-malikayni
مَلِكَيْ
malikay
plural basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal مُلُوك‎; أَمْلَاك
mulūk‎; ʔamlāk
الْمُلُوك‎; الْأَمْلَاك
al-mulūk‎; al-ʔamlāk
مُلُوك‎; أَمْلَاك
mulūk‎; ʔamlāk
nominative مُلُوكٌ‎; أَمْلَاكٌ
mulūkun‎; ʔamlākun
الْمُلُوكُ‎; الْأَمْلَاكُ
al-mulūku‎; al-ʔamlāku
مُلُوكُ‎; أَمْلَاكُ
mulūku‎; ʔamlāku
accusative مُلُوكًا‎; أَمْلَاكًا
mulūkan‎; ʔamlākan
الْمُلُوكَ‎; الْأَمْلَاكَ
al-mulūka‎; al-ʔamlāka
مُلُوكَ‎; أَمْلَاكَ
mulūka‎; ʔamlāka
genitive مُلُوكٍ‎; أَمْلَاكٍ
mulūkin‎; ʔamlākin
الْمُلُوكِ‎; الْأَمْلَاكِ
al-mulūki‎; al-ʔamlāki
مُلُوكِ‎; أَمْلَاكِ
mulūki‎; ʔamlāki
Descendants
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Etymology 2.2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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مُلْك (mulkm

  1. verbal noun of مَلَكَ (malaka) (form I)
  2. rule, reign, supreme authority, dominion, dominance, sway, power
  3. sovereignty, kingship, royalty
  4. monarchy
Declension
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Declension of noun مُلْك (mulk)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal مُلْك
mulk
الْمُلْك
al-mulk
مُلْك
mulk
nominative مُلْكٌ
mulkun
الْمُلْكُ
al-mulku
مُلْكُ
mulku
accusative مُلْكًا
mulkan
الْمُلْكَ
al-mulka
مُلْكَ
mulka
genitive مُلْكٍ
mulkin
الْمُلْكِ
al-mulki
مُلْكِ
mulki
Descendants
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Etymology 2.3

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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مِلْك (milkm (plural أَمْلَاك (ʔamlāk))

  1. verbal noun of مَلَكَ (malaka) (form I)
  2. property, possession, goods and chattels, fortune, wealth
  3. estate
  4. real estate, landed property
Declension
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Declension of noun مِلْك (milk)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal مِلْك
milk
الْمِلْك
al-milk
مِلْك
milk
nominative مِلْكٌ
milkun
الْمِلْكُ
al-milku
مِلْكُ
milku
accusative مِلْكًا
milkan
الْمِلْكَ
al-milka
مِلْكَ
milka
genitive مِلْكٍ
milkin
الْمِلْكِ
al-milki
مِلْكِ
milki
dual indefinite definite construct
informal مِلْكَيْن
milkayn
الْمِلْكَيْن
al-milkayn
مِلْكَيْ
milkay
nominative مِلْكَانِ
milkāni
الْمِلْكَانِ
al-milkāni
مِلْكَا
milkā
accusative مِلْكَيْنِ
milkayni
الْمِلْكَيْنِ
al-milkayni
مِلْكَيْ
milkay
genitive مِلْكَيْنِ
milkayni
الْمِلْكَيْنِ
al-milkayni
مِلْكَيْ
milkay
plural basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal أَمْلَاك
ʔamlāk
الْأَمْلَاك
al-ʔamlāk
أَمْلَاك
ʔamlāk
nominative أَمْلَاكٌ
ʔamlākun
الْأَمْلَاكُ
al-ʔamlāku
أَمْلَاكُ
ʔamlāku
accusative أَمْلَاكًا
ʔamlākan
الْأَمْلَاكَ
al-ʔamlāka
أَمْلَاكَ
ʔamlāka
genitive أَمْلَاكٍ
ʔamlākin
الْأَمْلَاكِ
al-ʔamlāki
أَمْلَاكِ
ʔamlāki
Descendants
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Etymology 2.4

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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مَلَكَ (malaka) I (non-past يَمْلِكُ (yamliku), verbal noun مَلْك (malk) or مِلْك (milk) or مُلْك (mulk) or مَلَكَة (malaka) or مَمْلُكَة (mamluka) or مَمْلِكَة (mamlika) or مَمْلَكَة (mamlaka))

  1. to take in possession, to take over, to acquire, to seize
  2. to possess, to lay hold, to own, to have, to be the owner
    يَمْلِكُ ٱلرَّجُلُ سَيَّارَةً جَدِيدَةً.
    yamliku r-rajulu sayyāratan jadīdatan.
    The man owns a new car.
  3. to dominate, to control
  4. to be the master
  5. to be capable, to be able, to be in a position to
    • Hadith
      لَيْسَ الشَّدِيدُ بِالصُّرَعَةِ؛ إِنَّمَا الشَّدِيدُ الَّذِي يَمْلِكُ نَفْسَهُ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ.
      laysa š-šadīdu bi-ṣ-ṣuraʕati; ʔinnamā š-šadīdu llaḏī yamliku nafsahu ʕinda l-ḡaḍabi.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  6. to rule, to reign, to exercise authority, to hold sway, to lord over
Conjugation
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Etymology 2.5

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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مَلَّكَ (mallaka) II (non-past يُمَلِّكُ (yumalliku), verbal noun تَمْلِيك (tamlīk))

  1. to make the owner
  2. to put in possession
  3. to transfer ownership, to assign, to make over, to convey
  4. to make king
Conjugation
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Etymology 2.6

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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مَلَك (malakm (plural مُلُك (muluk))

  1. possession, property
  2. food and water, resources; anything which regulates, maintains, or sustains; essentials, supplies, utilities
  3. foundation of ones existence
    1. agent or effective cause
Declension
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Declension of noun مَلَك (malak)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal مَلَك
malak
الْمَلَك
al-malak
مَلَك
malak
nominative مَلَكٌ
malakun
الْمَلَكُ
al-malaku
مَلَكُ
malaku
accusative مَلَكًا
malakan
الْمَلَكَ
al-malaka
مَلَكَ
malaka
genitive مَلَكٍ
malakin
الْمَلَكِ
al-malaki
مَلَكِ
malaki
dual indefinite definite construct
informal مَلَكَيْن
malakayn
الْمَلَكَيْن
al-malakayn
مَلَكَيْ
malakay
nominative مَلَكَانِ
malakāni
الْمَلَكَانِ
al-malakāni
مَلَكَا
malakā
accusative مَلَكَيْنِ
malakayni
الْمَلَكَيْنِ
al-malakayni
مَلَكَيْ
malakay
genitive مَلَكَيْنِ
malakayni
الْمَلَكَيْنِ
al-malakayni
مَلَكَيْ
malakay
plural basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal مُلُك
muluk
الْمُلُك
al-muluk
مُلُك
muluk
nominative مُلُكٌ
mulukun
الْمُلُكُ
al-muluku
مُلُكُ
muluku
accusative مُلُكًا
mulukan
الْمُلُكَ
al-muluka
مُلُكَ
muluka
genitive مُلُكٍ
mulukin
الْمُلُكِ
al-muluki
مُلُكِ
muluki

Etymology 2.7

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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مَلْك (malkm

  1. verbal noun of مَلَكَ (malaka) (form I)
Declension
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Declension of noun مَلْك (malk)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal مَلْك
malk
الْمَلْك
al-malk
مَلْك
malk
nominative مَلْكٌ
malkun
الْمَلْكُ
al-malku
مَلْكُ
malku
accusative مَلْكًا
malkan
الْمَلْكَ
al-malka
مَلْكَ
malka
genitive مَلْكٍ
malkin
الْمَلْكِ
al-malki
مَلْكِ
malki

Etymology 2.8

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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مُلَّك (mullakm pl

  1. plural of مَالِك (mālik)

Adjective

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مُلَّك (mullakm pl

  1. masculine plural of مَالِك (mālik)

References

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  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “ملك”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 613–614
  • Freytag, Georg (1837) “ملك”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 208–209
  • van Putten, Marijn (2020), "Classical and Modern Standard Arabic", in Arabic and Contact-induced Change (eds. Manfredi and Lucas)
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “ملك”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 1081

Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Arabic مَلَك (malak), variant of مَلْأَك (malʔak, angel).

Noun

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ملك (melek) (plural ملائك or ملائكة)

  1. angel
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Arabic مَلِك (malik, king).

Noun

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ملك (melik) (feminine ملكه, plural ملوك)

  1. lord, king, sovereign
  2. God, the sovereign Lord
  3. pirate
Descendants
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Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Arabic مِلْك (milk, property).

Noun

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ملك (milk, mülk) (plural املاك)

  1. possession, property
  2. sovereignty, dominion
  3. God's supreme sovereignty and dominion
  4. the whole creation, as the domain of God
Descendants
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Etymology 4

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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ملك (müllek)

  1. plural of مالك

References

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South Levantine Arabic

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Etymology 1

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From Arabic مَلَكَ (malaka).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ma.lak/, [ˈma.lak]
  • Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

Verb

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ملك (malak) I (present بملك (bimlik))

  1. to own
  2. to control
Conjugation
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Conjugation of ملك
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ملكت (malakt) ملكت (malakt) ملك (malak) ملكنا (malakna) ملكتو (malaktu) ملكو (malaku)
f ملكتي (malakti) ملكت (malkat)
present m بملك (bamlik) بتملك (btimlik) بملك (bimlik) منملك (mnimlik) بتملكو (btimliku) بملكو (bimliku)
f بتملكي (btimliki) بتملك (btimlik)
subjunctive m أملك (ʔamlik) تملك (timlik) يملك (yimlik) نملك (nimlik) تملكو (timliku) يملكو (yimliku)
f تملكي (timliki) تملك (timlik)
imperative m املك (imlik) املكو (imliku)
f املكي (imliki)

Etymology 2

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From Arabic مَلِك (malik).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ملك (malikm (plural ملوك (mlūk), feminine ملكة (malike))

  1. king
See also
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Chess pieces in South Levantine Arabic · قطع الشطرنج (ʔuṭaʕ iš-šaṭranj) (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
ملك (malik) ملكة (malike) قلعة (ʔalʕa) وزير (wazīr) حصان (ḥsān) جندي (jundi)