चरण

See also: चूर्ण and चरणौ

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit चरण (caraṇa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃə.ɾəɳ/, [t͡ʃɐ.ɾɐ̃ɳ]

Noun

चरण • (caraṇ) m

1. foot

   Synonyms: पैर (pair), पाँव (pā̃v)

   बेटे ने अपने पिता के चरण छूए।

   beṭe ne apne pitā ke caraṇ chūe.

   The son touched his father's feet [with respect].

2. step, stride

   Synonym: क़दम (qadam)

3. stage, step, phase
4. (poetry) foot; quarter of a verse
5. quarter part

   Synonyms: चतुर्थांश (caturthāñś), चौथाई (cauthāī)

Declension

Declension of चरण (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	चरण caraṇ	चरण caraṇ
oblique	चरण caraṇ	चरणों caraṇõ
vocative	चरण caraṇ	चरणो caraṇo

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “चरण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• caraṇa (Latin script)
• 𑀘𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• চরণ (Bengali script)
• චරණ (Sinhalese script)
• စရဏ or ၸရꧣ (Burmese script)
• จรณ or จะระณะ (Thai script)
• ᨧᩁᨱ (Tai Tham script)
• ຈຣຓ or ຈະຣະຓະ or ຈະຣະນ຺ະ or ຈະລະນະ (Lao script)
• ចរណ (Khmer script)
• 𑄌𑄢𑄕 (Chakma script)

Noun

चरण n

1. Devanagari script form of caraṇa (“foot; conduct”)

Declension

Declension table of "चरण" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	चरणं (caraṇaṃ)	चरणानि (caraṇāni)
Accusative (second)	चरणं (caraṇaṃ)	चरणानि (caraṇāni)
Instrumental (third)	चरणेन (caraṇena)	चरणेहि (caraṇehi) or चरणेभि (caraṇebhi)
Dative (fourth)	चरणस्स (caraṇassa) or चरणाय (caraṇāya) or चरणत्थं (caraṇatthaṃ)	चरणानं (caraṇānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	चरणस्मा (caraṇasmā) or चरणम्हा (caraṇamhā) or चरणा (caraṇā)	चरणेहि (caraṇehi) or चरणेभि (caraṇebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	चरणस्स (caraṇassa)	चरणानं (caraṇānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	चरणस्मिं (caraṇasmiṃ) or चरणम्हि (caraṇamhi) or चरणे (caraṇe)	चरणेसु (caraṇesu)
Vocative (calling)	चरण (caraṇa)	चरणानि (caraṇāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• চৰণ (Assamese script)
• ᬘᬭᬡ (Balinese script)
• চরণ (Bengali script)
• 𑰓𑰨𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀘𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• စရဏ (Burmese script)
• ચરણ (Gujarati script)
• ਚਰਣ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌚𑌰𑌣 (Grantha script)
• ꦕꦫꦟ (Javanese script)
• 𑂒𑂩𑂝 (Kaithi script)
• ಚರಣ (Kannada script)
• ចរណ (Khmer script)
• ຈຣຓ (Lao script)
• ചരണ (Malayalam script)
• ᢜᠠᡵᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘓𑘨𑘜 (Modi script)
• ᢋᠠᠷᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦳𑧈𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐔𑐬𑐞 (Newa script)
• ଚରଣ (Odia script)
• ꢗꢬꢠ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆖𑆫𑆟 (Sharada script)
• 𑖓𑖨𑖜 (Siddham script)
• චරණ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩡𑩼𑩪 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚏𑚤𑚘 (Takri script)
• சரண (Tamil script)
• చరణ (Telugu script)
• จรณ (Thai script)
• ཙ་ར་ཎ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒔𑒩𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨣𑨫𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root चर् (car) +‎ -अन (-ana).

Noun

चरण • (caraṇa) stem, m or n

1. foot (Gobh., Mn., Bādar. MBh., etc.)
2. pillar, support (Hariv.)
3. tree root (L.)
4. पाद (pāda, “metrical foot”)
5. dactyl
6. section, division (Bhpr., Sarvad.)
7. school or branch of the Veda
8. going-about, course (RV., ŚBr.)
9. acting, managing, performance, observance (AV., ŚBr. ŚāṅkhŚr. VP.)
10. behavior (KāṭyŚr., ChUp.)
11. good conduct (Kauś., MBh., Lalit.)
12. practicing (Gobh., Nal.)
13. grazing, eating (W., L.)
14. a certain high number (Buddh., L.)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of चरण

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चरणः (caraṇaḥ)	चरणौ (caraṇau)	चरणाः (caraṇāḥ)
accusative	चरणम् (caraṇam)	चरणौ (caraṇau)	चरणान् (caraṇān)
instrumental	चरणेन (caraṇena)	चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām)	चरणैः (caraṇaiḥ)
dative	चरणाय (caraṇāya)	चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām)	चरणेभ्यः (caraṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	चरणात् (caraṇāt)	चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām)	चरणेभ्यः (caraṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	चरणस्य (caraṇasya)	चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ)	चरणानाम् (caraṇānām)
locative	चरणे (caraṇe)	चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ)	चरणेषु (caraṇeṣu)
vocative	चरण (caraṇa)	चरणौ (caraṇau)	चरणाः (caraṇāḥ)

Neuter a-stem declension of चरण

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चरणम् (caraṇam)	चरणे (caraṇe)	चरणानि (caraṇāni)
accusative	चरणम् (caraṇam)	चरणे (caraṇe)	चरणानि (caraṇāni)
instrumental	चरणेन (caraṇena)	चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām)	चरणैः (caraṇaiḥ)
dative	चरणाय (caraṇāya)	चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām)	चरणेभ्यः (caraṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	चरणात् (caraṇāt)	चरणाभ्याम् (caraṇābhyām)	चरणेभ्यः (caraṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	चरणस्य (caraṇasya)	चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ)	चरणानाम् (caraṇānām)
locative	चरणे (caraṇe)	चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ)	चरणेषु (caraṇeṣu)
vocative	चरण (caraṇa)	चरणे (caraṇe)	चरणानि (caraṇāni)

Derived terms

• तपश्चरण (tapaścaraṇa, “the practice of austerities”)

Descendants

• Old Javanese: caraṇa
• Pali: caraṇa
• → Hindi: चरण (caraṇ) (learned)
• → Tamil: சரணம் (caraṇam) (learned)
• → Telugu: చరణము (caraṇamu) (learned)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “चरण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0389.