जीव
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See also: जैव
Hindi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit जीव (jīva). Doublet of जीउ (jīu) and जी (jī).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
जीव • (jīv) m
Declension[edit]
Declension of जीव (masc cons-stem)
Derived terms[edit]
- जीव-रसायन (jīv-rasāyan)
- जीव-विज्ञान (jīv-vigyān, “biology”)
- जीव-वैज्ञानिक (jīv-vaigyānik, “biologist”)
- जीवकोष (jīvkoṣ)
- जीवसाधन (jīvsādhan)
- जीवहत्या (jīvhatyā)
- जीवहिंसा (jīvhinsā)
- जीवाणु (jīvāṇu, “microbe”)
Related terms[edit]
- सजीव (sajīv)
Konkani[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit जीव (jīva). Doublet of जीवु (jīvu).
Noun[edit]
जीव • (jīv) (Latin script ziv, Kannada script ಜೀವ)
Marathi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit जीव (jīva).
Noun[edit]
जीव • (jīv) m
Pali[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Alternative forms
Adjective[edit]
जीव
- Devanagari script form of jīva (“living”)
Declension[edit]
Declension table of "जीव" (masculine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | जीवो (jīvo) | जीवा (jīvā) |
Accusative (second) | जीवं (jīvaṃ) | जीवे (jīve) |
Instrumental (third) | जीवेन (jīvena) | जीवेहि (jīvehi) or जीवेभि (jīvebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | जीवस्स (jīvassa) or जीवाय (jīvāya) or जीवत्थं (jīvatthaṃ) | जीवानं (jīvānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | जीवस्मा (jīvasmā) or जीवम्हा (jīvamhā) or जीवा (jīvā) | जीवेहि (jīvehi) or जीवेभि (jīvebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | जीवस्स (jīvassa) | जीवानं (jīvānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | जीवस्मिं (jīvasmiṃ) or जीवम्हि (jīvamhi) or जीवे (jīve) | जीवेसु (jīvesu) |
Vocative (calling) | जीव (jīva) | जीवा (jīvā) |
Declension table of "जीवा" (feminine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | जीवा (jīvā) | जीवायो (jīvāyo) or जीवा (jīvā) |
Accusative (second) | जीवं (jīvaṃ) | जीवायो (jīvāyo) or जीवा (jīvā) |
Instrumental (third) | जीवाय (jīvāya) | जीवाहि (jīvāhi) or जीवाभि (jīvābhi) |
Dative (fourth) | जीवाय (jīvāya) | जीवानं (jīvānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | जीवाय (jīvāya) | जीवाहि (jīvāhi) or जीवाभि (jīvābhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | जीवाय (jīvāya) | जीवानं (jīvānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | जीवाय (jīvāya) or जीवायं (jīvāyaṃ) | जीवासु (jīvāsu) |
Vocative (calling) | जीवे (jīve) | जीवायो (jīvāyo) or जीवा (jīvā) |
Declension table of "जीव" (neuter)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | जीवं (jīvaṃ) | जीवानि (jīvāni) |
Accusative (second) | जीवं (jīvaṃ) | जीवानि (jīvāni) |
Instrumental (third) | जीवेन (jīvena) | जीवेहि (jīvehi) or जीवेभि (jīvebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | जीवस्स (jīvassa) or जीवाय (jīvāya) or जीवत्थं (jīvatthaṃ) | जीवानं (jīvānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | जीवस्मा (jīvasmā) or जीवम्हा (jīvamhā) or जीवा (jīvā) | जीवेहि (jīvehi) or जीवेभि (jīvebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | जीवस्स (jīvassa) | जीवानं (jīvānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | जीवस्मिं (jīvasmiṃ) or जीवम्हि (jīvamhi) or जीवे (jīve) | जीवेसु (jīvesu) |
Vocative (calling) | जीव (jīva) | जीवानि (jīvāni) |
Noun[edit]
जीव m or n
- Devanagari script form of jīva (“life”)
Declension[edit]
Declension table of "जीव" (neuter)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | जीवं (jīvaṃ) | जीवानि (jīvāni) |
Accusative (second) | जीवं (jīvaṃ) | जीवानि (jīvāni) |
Instrumental (third) | जीवेन (jīvena) | जीवेहि (jīvehi) or जीवेभि (jīvebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | जीवस्स (jīvassa) or जीवाय (jīvāya) or जीवत्थं (jīvatthaṃ) | जीवानं (jīvānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | जीवस्मा (jīvasmā) or जीवम्हा (jīvamhā) or जीवा (jīvā) | जीवेहि (jīvehi) or जीवेभि (jīvebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | जीवस्स (jīvassa) | जीवानं (jīvānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | जीवस्मिं (jīvasmiṃ) or जीवम्हि (jīvamhi) or जीवे (jīve) | जीवेसु (jīvesu) |
Vocative (calling) | जीव (jīva) | जीवानि (jīvāni) |
When masculine, the nominative, vocative and accusative are instead:
Declension table of "जीव" (masculine)
Sanskrit[edit]
Alternative scripts[edit]
Alternative scripts
- ᬚᬷᬯ (Balinese script)
- জীৱ (Assamese script)
- জীব (Bengali script)
- 𑰕𑰱𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀚𑀻𑀯 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌜𑍀𑌵 (Grantha script)
- જીવ (Gujarati script)
- ਜੀਵ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦗꦷꦮ (Javanese script)
- ជីវ (Khmer script)
- ಜೀವ (Kannada script)
- ຊີວ (Lao script)
- ജീവ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘕𑘲𑘪 (Modi script)
- ᠽᢈᢈᠸᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᡯᡳᡳᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
- ဇီဝ (Burmese script)
- 𑦵𑧓𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐖𑐷𑐰 (Newa script)
- ଜୀଵ (Oriya script)
- ꢙꢷꢮ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆘𑆵𑆮 (Sharada script)
- 𑖕𑖱𑖪 (Siddham script)
- ජීව (Sinhalese script)
- జీవ (Telugu script)
- ชีว (Thai script)
- ཛཱི་ཝ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒖𑒲𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰiHwás (“alive”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), from *gʷeih₃w- (“to live”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬬𐬀 (jva), Old Persian 𐎪𐎡𐎺 (ji-i-v /jīva/), Ancient Greek βίος (bíos), Latin vīvus, Old Church Slavonic живъ (živŭ), Bulgarian жив (živ), Russian жив (živ), Old English cwic (whence English quick).
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
जीव • (jīvá)
- alive, living
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.78.9:
- दश मासाञ्छशयानः कुमारो अधि मातरि ।
निरैतु जीवो अक्षतो जीवो जीवन्त्या अधि ॥- daśa māsāñchaśayānaḥ kumāro adhi mātari .
niraitu jīvo akṣato jīvo jīvantyā adhi . - The child who hath for ten months' time been lying in his mother's womb,
May he come forth alive, unharmed, yea, living from the living dame.
- daśa māsāñchaśayānaḥ kumāro adhi mātari .
- दश मासाञ्छशयानः कुमारो अधि मातरि ।
Declension[edit]
Masculine a-stem declension of जीव (jīvá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | जीवः jīváḥ |
जीवौ jīvaú |
जीवाः / जीवासः¹ jīvā́ḥ / jīvā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | जीव jī́va |
जीवौ jī́vau |
जीवाः / जीवासः¹ jī́vāḥ / jī́vāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | जीवम् jīvám |
जीवौ jīvaú |
जीवान् jīvā́n |
Instrumental | जीवेन jīvéna |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवैः / जीवेभिः¹ jīvaíḥ / jīvébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | जीवाय jīvā́ya |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवेभ्यः jīvébhyaḥ |
Ablative | जीवात् jīvā́t |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवेभ्यः jīvébhyaḥ |
Genitive | जीवस्य jīvásya |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवानाम् jīvā́nām |
Locative | जीवे jīvé |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवेषु jīvéṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of जीवा (jīvā́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | जीवा jīvā́ |
जीवे jīvé |
जीवाः jīvā́ḥ |
Vocative | जीवे jī́ve |
जीवे jī́ve |
जीवाः jī́vāḥ |
Accusative | जीवाम् jīvā́m |
जीवे jīvé |
जीवाः jīvā́ḥ |
Instrumental | जीवया / जीवा¹ jīváyā / jīvā́¹ |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवाभिः jīvā́bhiḥ |
Dative | जीवायै jīvā́yai |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवाभ्यः jīvā́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | जीवायाः jīvā́yāḥ |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवाभ्यः jīvā́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | जीवायाः jīvā́yāḥ |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवानाम् jīvā́nām |
Locative | जीवायाम् jīvā́yām |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवासु jīvā́su |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of जीव (jīvá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | जीवम् jīvám |
जीवे jīvé |
जीवानि / जीवा¹ jīvā́ni / jīvā́¹ |
Vocative | जीव jī́va |
जीवे jī́ve |
जीवानि / जीवा¹ jī́vāni / jī́vā¹ |
Accusative | जीवम् jīvám |
जीवे jīvé |
जीवानि / जीवा¹ jīvā́ni / jīvā́¹ |
Instrumental | जीवेन jīvéna |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवैः / जीवेभिः¹ jīvaíḥ / jīvébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | जीवाय jīvā́ya |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवेभ्यः jīvébhyaḥ |
Ablative | जीवात् jīvā́t |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवेभ्यः jīvébhyaḥ |
Genitive | जीवस्य jīvásya |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवानाम् jīvā́nām |
Locative | जीवे jīvé |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवेषु jīvéṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms[edit]
- जीवात्मन् (jīvātman)
Noun[edit]
जीव • (jīvá) m or n
- life, existence
- any living being, anything living
- the principle of life, the vital breath
- m (a name of) बृहस्पति
Declension[edit]
Masculine a-stem declension of जीव (jīvá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | जीवः jīváḥ |
जीवौ jīvaú |
जीवाः / जीवासः¹ jīvā́ḥ / jīvā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | जीव jī́va |
जीवौ jī́vau |
जीवाः / जीवासः¹ jī́vāḥ / jī́vāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | जीवम् jīvám |
जीवौ jīvaú |
जीवान् jīvā́n |
Instrumental | जीवेन jīvéna |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवैः / जीवेभिः¹ jīvaíḥ / jīvébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | जीवाय jīvā́ya |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवेभ्यः jīvébhyaḥ |
Ablative | जीवात् jīvā́t |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवेभ्यः jīvébhyaḥ |
Genitive | जीवस्य jīvásya |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवानाम् jīvā́nām |
Locative | जीवे jīvé |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवेषु jīvéṣu |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of जीव (jīvá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | जीवम् jīvám |
जीवे jīvé |
जीवानि / जीवा¹ jīvā́ni / jīvā́¹ |
Vocative | जीव jī́va |
जीवे jī́ve |
जीवानि / जीवा¹ jī́vāni / jī́vā¹ |
Accusative | जीवम् jīvám |
जीवे jīvé |
जीवानि / जीवा¹ jīvā́ni / jīvā́¹ |
Instrumental | जीवेन jīvéna |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवैः / जीवेभिः¹ jīvaíḥ / jīvébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | जीवाय jīvā́ya |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवेभ्यः jīvébhyaḥ |
Ablative | जीवात् jīvā́t |
जीवाभ्याम् jīvā́bhyām |
जीवेभ्यः jīvébhyaḥ |
Genitive | जीवस्य jīvásya |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवानाम् jīvā́nām |
Locative | जीवे jīvé |
जीवयोः jīváyoḥ |
जीवेषु jīvéṣu |
Notes |
|
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀚𑀻𑀯 (jīva)
- Awadhi: जिउ (jiu)
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri: زُو (zuv)
- Khasa Prakrit:
- Nepali: जीउ (jīu)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀚𑀻𑀯 (jīva)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀻𑀯 (jīva)
- Konkani: जीवु (jīvu)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Pali: jīva
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀻𑀯 (jīva)
Borrowed terms[edit]
- Assamese: জীৱ (ziw)
- Bengali: জীব (jib)
- Burmese: ဇီဝ (jiwa.)
- Gujarati: જીવ (jīv)
- Hindi: जीव (jīv)
- Kannada: ಜೀವ (jīva)
- Konkani: जीव (jīv)
- Malay: jiwa
- Marathi: जीव (jīv)
- Punjabi: ਜੀਵ (jīv)
- Telugu: జీవము (jīvamu)
- Thai: ชีว- (chiiu-), ชีว (chiiu)
- Tagalog: diwa
References[edit]
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “jīvá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi doublets
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Konkani terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Konkani learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Konkani terms derived from Sanskrit
- Konkani doublets
- Konkani lemmas
- Konkani nouns
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi masculine nouns
- Pali lemmas
- Pali adjectives
- Pali adjectives in Devanagari script
- Pali nouns
- Pali nouns in Devanagari script
- Pali masculine nouns
- Pali neuter nouns
- Pali nouns with multiple genders
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit nouns with multiple genders
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns