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जीव

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: जैव

Hindi

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit जीव (jīva). Doublet of जीउ (jīu) and जी ().

Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /d͡ʒiːʋ/

Noun

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जीव (jīvm

  1. life
    Synonym: जीवन (jīvan)
  2. the soul; lifeforce
    Synonyms: प्राण (prāṇ), जान (jān)
  3. living creature

Declension

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Declension of जीव (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct जीव
jīv
जीव
jīv
oblique जीव
jīv
जीवों
jīvõ
vocative जीव
jīv
जीवो
jīvo

Derived terms

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Konkani

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit जीव (jīva). Doublet of जीवु (jīvu).

Noun

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जीव (jīv) (Latin script ziv, Kannada script ಜೀವ)

  1. life

Marathi

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit जीव (jīva). Related to जीवन (jīvan, life).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /d͡ʑiʋ/, [d͡ʑiːʋ]

Noun

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जीव (jīvm

  1. life
    Synonym: प्राण (prāṇ)
    त्याचा जीव धोक्यात आहे!tyācā jīv dhokyāt āhe!His life is in danger!

Declension

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Declension of जीव (masc cons-stem)
direct
singular
जीव
jīv
direct
plural
जीव
jīv
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा
जीव
jīv
जीव
jīv
oblique
सामान्यरूप
जीवा
jīvā
जीवां-
jīvān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी
जीवाला
jīvālā
जीवांना
jīvānnā
ergative जीवाने, जीवानं
jīvāne, jīvāna
जीवांनी
jīvānnī
instrumental जीवाशी
jīvāśī
जीवांशी
jīvānśī
locative
सप्तमी
जीवात
jīvāt
जीवांत
jīvāt
vocative
संबोधन
जीवा
jīvā
जीवांनो
jīvānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of जीव (masc cons-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म
feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म
neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म
oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular*
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता
जीवाचा
jīvāċā
जीवाचे
jīvāċe
जीवाची
jīvācī
जीवाच्या
jīvācā
जीवाचे, जीवाचं
jīvāċe, jīvāċa
जीवाची
jīvācī
जीवाच्या
jīvācā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता
जीवांचा
jīvānċā
जीवांचे
jīvānċe
जीवांची
jīvāñcī
जीवांच्या
jīvāncā
जीवांचे, जीवांचं
jīvānċe, jīvānċa
जीवांची
jīvāñcī
जीवांच्या
jīvāñcā
* Note: Word-final (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

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References

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  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “जीव”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Pali

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Alternative forms

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Adjective

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जीव

  1. Devanagari script form of jīva (living)

Declension

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Noun

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जीव m or n

  1. Devanagari script form of jīva (life)

Declension

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When masculine, the nominative, vocative and accusative are instead:

Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰiHwás (alive), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (alive), from *gʷeih₃w- (to live).

    Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬬𐬀 (jva), Old Persian 𐎪𐎡𐎺 (ji-i-v /⁠jīva⁠/), Ancient Greek βίος (bíos), Latin vīvus, Old Church Slavonic живъ (živŭ), Bulgarian жив (živ), Russian жив (živ), Old English cwic (whence English quick).

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    जीव (jīvá) stem

    1. alive, living
      • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.78.9:
        दश मासाञ्छशयानः कुमारो अधि मातरि ।
        निरैतु जीवो अक्षतो जीवो जीवन्त्या अधि ॥
        daśa māsāñchaśayānaḥ kumāro adhi mātari.
        niraitu jīvo akṣato jīvo jīvantyā adhi.
        The child who hath for ten months' time been lying in his mother's womb,
        May he come forth alive, unharmed, yea, living from the living dame.

    Declension

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    Masculine a-stem declension of जीव
    singular dual plural
    nominative जीवः (jīváḥ) जीवौ (jīvaú)
    जीवा¹ (jīvā́¹)
    जीवाः (jīvā́ḥ)
    जीवासः¹ (jīvā́saḥ¹)
    accusative जीवम् (jīvám) जीवौ (jīvaú)
    जीवा¹ (jīvā́¹)
    जीवान् (jīvā́n)
    instrumental जीवेन (jīvéna) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवैः (jīvaíḥ)
    जीवेभिः¹ (jīvébhiḥ¹)
    dative जीवाय (jīvā́ya) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवेभ्यः (jīvébhyaḥ)
    ablative जीवात् (jīvā́t) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवेभ्यः (jīvébhyaḥ)
    genitive जीवस्य (jīvásya) जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवानाम् (jīvā́nām)
    locative जीवे (jīvé) जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवेषु (jīvéṣu)
    vocative जीव (jī́va) जीवौ (jī́vau)
    जीवा¹ (jī́vā¹)
    जीवाः (jī́vāḥ)
    जीवासः¹ (jī́vāsaḥ¹)
    • ¹Vedic
    Feminine ā-stem declension of जीवा
    singular dual plural
    nominative जीवा (jīvā́) जीवे (jīvé) जीवाः (jīvā́ḥ)
    accusative जीवाम् (jīvā́m) जीवे (jīvé) जीवाः (jīvā́ḥ)
    instrumental जीवया (jīváyā)
    जीवा¹ (jīvā́¹)
    जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवाभिः (jīvā́bhiḥ)
    dative जीवायै (jīvā́yai) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवाभ्यः (jīvā́bhyaḥ)
    ablative जीवायाः (jīvā́yāḥ)
    जीवायै² (jīvā́yai²)
    जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवाभ्यः (jīvā́bhyaḥ)
    genitive जीवायाः (jīvā́yāḥ)
    जीवायै² (jīvā́yai²)
    जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवानाम् (jīvā́nām)
    locative जीवायाम् (jīvā́yām) जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवासु (jīvā́su)
    vocative जीवे (jī́ve) जीवे (jī́ve) जीवाः (jī́vāḥ)
    • ¹Vedic
    • ²Brāhmaṇas
    Neuter a-stem declension of जीव
    singular dual plural
    nominative जीवम् (jīvám) जीवे (jīvé) जीवानि (jīvā́ni)
    जीवा¹ (jīvā́¹)
    accusative जीवम् (jīvám) जीवे (jīvé) जीवानि (jīvā́ni)
    जीवा¹ (jīvā́¹)
    instrumental जीवेन (jīvéna) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवैः (jīvaíḥ)
    जीवेभिः¹ (jīvébhiḥ¹)
    dative जीवाय (jīvā́ya) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवेभ्यः (jīvébhyaḥ)
    ablative जीवात् (jīvā́t) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवेभ्यः (jīvébhyaḥ)
    genitive जीवस्य (jīvásya) जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवानाम् (jīvā́nām)
    locative जीवे (jīvé) जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवेषु (jīvéṣu)
    vocative जीव (jī́va) जीवे (jī́ve) जीवानि (jī́vāni)
    जीवा¹ (jī́vā¹)
    • ¹Vedic

    Noun

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    जीव (jīvá) stemm or n

    1. life, existence
    2. any living being, anything living
    3. the principle of life, the vital breath
    4. m (a name of) बृहस्पति

    Declension

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    Masculine a-stem declension of जीव
    singular dual plural
    nominative जीवः (jīváḥ) जीवौ (jīvaú)
    जीवा¹ (jīvā́¹)
    जीवाः (jīvā́ḥ)
    जीवासः¹ (jīvā́saḥ¹)
    accusative जीवम् (jīvám) जीवौ (jīvaú)
    जीवा¹ (jīvā́¹)
    जीवान् (jīvā́n)
    instrumental जीवेन (jīvéna) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवैः (jīvaíḥ)
    जीवेभिः¹ (jīvébhiḥ¹)
    dative जीवाय (jīvā́ya) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवेभ्यः (jīvébhyaḥ)
    ablative जीवात् (jīvā́t) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवेभ्यः (jīvébhyaḥ)
    genitive जीवस्य (jīvásya) जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवानाम् (jīvā́nām)
    locative जीवे (jīvé) जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवेषु (jīvéṣu)
    vocative जीव (jī́va) जीवौ (jī́vau)
    जीवा¹ (jī́vā¹)
    जीवाः (jī́vāḥ)
    जीवासः¹ (jī́vāsaḥ¹)
    • ¹Vedic
    Neuter a-stem declension of जीव
    singular dual plural
    nominative जीवम् (jīvám) जीवे (jīvé) जीवानि (jīvā́ni)
    जीवा¹ (jīvā́¹)
    accusative जीवम् (jīvám) जीवे (jīvé) जीवानि (jīvā́ni)
    जीवा¹ (jīvā́¹)
    instrumental जीवेन (jīvéna) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवैः (jīvaíḥ)
    जीवेभिः¹ (jīvébhiḥ¹)
    dative जीवाय (jīvā́ya) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवेभ्यः (jīvébhyaḥ)
    ablative जीवात् (jīvā́t) जीवाभ्याम् (jīvā́bhyām) जीवेभ्यः (jīvébhyaḥ)
    genitive जीवस्य (jīvásya) जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवानाम् (jīvā́nām)
    locative जीवे (jīvé) जीवयोः (jīváyoḥ) जीवेषु (jīvéṣu)
    vocative जीव (jī́va) जीवे (jī́ve) जीवानि (jī́vāni)
    जीवा¹ (jī́vā¹)
    • ¹Vedic
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    Descendants

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    References

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    • Monier Williams (1899) “जीव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 422/2.
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 594-5
    • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jīvá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press