मण्डल

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• maṇḍala (Latin script)
• 𑀫𑀡𑁆𑀟𑀮 (Brahmi script)
• মণ্ডল (Bengali script)
• මණ‍්ඩල (Sinhalese script)
• မဏ္ဍလ or မꧣ္ꩨလ or မꧣ်ꩨလ (Burmese script)
• มณฺฑล or มัณฑะละ (Thai script)
• ᨾᨱ᩠ᨯᩃ (Tai Tham script)
• ມຓ຺ຑລ or ມັຓຑະລະ (Lao script)
• មណ្ឌល (Khmer script)
• 𑄟𑄕𑄴𑄓𑄣 (Chakma script)

Noun

मण्डल n

1. circle
2. disc
3. round platform
4. circus ring
5. round flat surface

Declension

Declension table of "मण्डल" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	मण्डलं (maṇḍalaṃ)	मण्डलानि (maṇḍalāni)
Accusative (second)	मण्डलं (maṇḍalaṃ)	मण्डलानि (maṇḍalāni)
Instrumental (third)	मण्डलेन (maṇḍalena)	मण्डलेहि (maṇḍalehi) or मण्डलेभि (maṇḍalebhi)
Dative (fourth)	मण्डलस्स (maṇḍalassa) or मण्डलाय (maṇḍalāya) or मण्डलत्थं (maṇḍalatthaṃ)	मण्डलानं (maṇḍalānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	मण्डलस्मा (maṇḍalasmā) or मण्डलम्हा (maṇḍalamhā) or मण्डला (maṇḍalā)	मण्डलेहि (maṇḍalehi) or मण्डलेभि (maṇḍalebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	मण्डलस्स (maṇḍalassa)	मण्डलानं (maṇḍalānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	मण्डलस्मिं (maṇḍalasmiṃ) or मण्डलम्हि (maṇḍalamhi) or मण्डले (maṇḍale)	मण्डलेसु (maṇḍalesu)
Vocative (calling)	मण्डल (maṇḍala)	मण्डलानि (maṇḍalāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ᬫᬡ᭄ᬟᬮ (Balinese script)
• মণ্ডল (Assamese script)
• মণ্ডল (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰜𑰿𑰚𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀡𑁆𑀟𑀮 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌮𑌣𑍍𑌡𑌲 (Grantha script)
• મણ્ડલ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਣੑਡਲ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦩꦟ꧀ꦝꦭ (Javanese script)
• មណ្ឌល (Khmer script)
• ಮಣ್ಡಲ (Kannada script)
• ມຓ຺ຑລ (Lao script)
• മണ്ഡല (Malayalam script)
• 𑘦𑘜𑘿𑘚𑘩 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢏᢎᠠᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• ᠮᠠᢏᡷᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
• မဏ္ဍလ (Burmese script)
• 𑧆𑦼𑧠𑦺𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐞𑑂𑐜𑐮 (Newa script)
• ମଣ୍ଡଲ (Oriya script)
• ꢪꢠ꣄ꢞꢭ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆟𑇀𑆝𑆬 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖜𑖿𑖚𑖩 (Siddham script)
• මණ්ඩල (Sinhalese script)
• మణ్డల (Telugu script)
• มณฺฑล (Thai script)
• མ་ཎྜ་ལ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒪 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

Probably a borrowing from a substrate language. Less likely, from a Proto-Indo-European *melnd-, *mernd- (“to turn”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐɳ.ɖɐ.lɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmɐɳ.ɖɐ.l̪ɐ/

Adjective

मण्डल • (maṇḍala)

1. circular, round

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मण्डल (maṇḍala)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मण्डलः maṇḍalaḥ	मण्डलौ maṇḍalau	मण्डलाः / मण्डलासः¹ maṇḍalāḥ / maṇḍalāsaḥ¹
Vocative	मण्डल maṇḍala	मण्डलौ maṇḍalau	मण्डलाः / मण्डलासः¹ maṇḍalāḥ / maṇḍalāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मण्डलम् maṇḍalam	मण्डलौ maṇḍalau	मण्डलान् maṇḍalān
Instrumental	मण्डलेन maṇḍalena	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलैः / मण्डलेभिः¹ maṇḍalaiḥ / maṇḍalebhiḥ¹
Dative	मण्डलाय maṇḍalāya	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलेभ्यः maṇḍalebhyaḥ
Ablative	मण्डलात् maṇḍalāt	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलेभ्यः maṇḍalebhyaḥ
Genitive	मण्डलस्य maṇḍalasya	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलानाम् maṇḍalānām
Locative	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलेषु maṇḍaleṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of मण्डला (maṇḍalā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मण्डला maṇḍalā	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलाः maṇḍalāḥ
Vocative	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलाः maṇḍalāḥ
Accusative	मण्डलाम् maṇḍalām	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलाः maṇḍalāḥ
Instrumental	मण्डलया / मण्डला¹ maṇḍalayā / maṇḍalā¹	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलाभिः maṇḍalābhiḥ
Dative	मण्डलायै maṇḍalāyai	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलाभ्यः maṇḍalābhyaḥ
Ablative	मण्डलायाः maṇḍalāyāḥ	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलाभ्यः maṇḍalābhyaḥ
Genitive	मण्डलायाः maṇḍalāyāḥ	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलानाम् maṇḍalānām
Locative	मण्डलायाम् maṇḍalāyām	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलासु maṇḍalāsu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of मण्डल (maṇḍala)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मण्डलम् maṇḍalam	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलानि / मण्डला¹ maṇḍalāni / maṇḍalā¹
Vocative	मण्डल maṇḍala	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलानि / मण्डला¹ maṇḍalāni / maṇḍalā¹
Accusative	मण्डलम् maṇḍalam	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलानि / मण्डला¹ maṇḍalāni / maṇḍalā¹
Instrumental	मण्डलेन maṇḍalena	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलैः / मण्डलेभिः¹ maṇḍalaiḥ / maṇḍalebhiḥ¹
Dative	मण्डलाय maṇḍalāya	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलेभ्यः maṇḍalebhyaḥ
Ablative	मण्डलात् maṇḍalāt	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलेभ्यः maṇḍalebhyaḥ
Genitive	मण्डलस्य maṇḍalasya	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलानाम् maṇḍalānām
Locative	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलेषु maṇḍaleṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

मण्डल • (maṇḍala) n

1. (rarely m) disk (especially of the sun or moon)
2. anything round (but in Hemādri's Caturvarga-cintāmaṇi also applied to anything triangular; compare मण्डलक (maṇḍalaka))
3. circle (in instrumental: “in a circle”; also “the charmed circle of a conjuror”), globe, orb, ring, circumference, ball, wheel
4. the path or orbit of a heavenly body
5. a halo round the sun or moon
6. a ball used for playing
7. (surgery) circular bandage
8. (also in plural) a sort of cutaneous eruption or leprosy with circular spot
9. round mole or mark (caused by a finger-nail etc.) on the body
10. circular array of troops
11. a particular attitude in shooting
12. district, arrondissement, territory, province, country (often at the end of modern names e.g. Coro-mandal coast)
13. a surrounding district or neighbouring state, the circle of a king's near and distant neighbours (with whom he must maintain political and diplomatic relations ; 4 or 6 or 10 or even 12 such neighbouring princes are enumerated)
14. a multitude, group, band, collection, whole body, society, company
15. mandala (division of the book of the Rigveda)
16. unguis odoratus, onycha
17. a particular oblation or sacrifice

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of मण्डल (maṇḍala)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मण्डलम् maṇḍalam	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलानि / मण्डला¹ maṇḍalāni / maṇḍalā¹
Vocative	मण्डल maṇḍala	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलानि / मण्डला¹ maṇḍalāni / maṇḍalā¹
Accusative	मण्डलम् maṇḍalam	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलानि / मण्डला¹ maṇḍalāni / maṇḍalā¹
Instrumental	मण्डलेन maṇḍalena	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलैः / मण्डलेभिः¹ maṇḍalaiḥ / maṇḍalebhiḥ¹
Dative	मण्डलाय maṇḍalāya	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलेभ्यः maṇḍalebhyaḥ
Ablative	मण्डलात् maṇḍalāt	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलेभ्यः maṇḍalebhyaḥ
Genitive	मण्डलस्य maṇḍalasya	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलानाम् maṇḍalānām
Locative	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलेषु maṇḍaleṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• मण्डलिन् (maṇḍalin, “chief, leader”, literally “possessor of the territory”) (compounded with -इन् (-in, possessive suffix))
  • Pali: maṇḍalin
  • Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀮𑀺 (maṃḍali)
    • Bengali: মোড়ল (mōṛol, “chief of a village”)

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Kalasha: māṇḍal (“coffin”), māṇḍau
  • Kashmiri: manḍul (“circle”)

    Devanagari script: मन्डुल

    Arabic script: مانڈل‎

• Prakrit: 𑀫𑀀𑀟𑀮 (mam̐ḍala), 𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀮𑀻 (maṃḍalī)
  • Central:
    • Shauraseni Prakrit:
      • Hindustani: mãḍal, mãḍlī

        Hindi: मंडल, मंडली

        Urdu: مَںڈَل‎, مَںڈلِی‎

      • Old Gujarati: मांदलिइं (māṃdaliiṃ)
      • Romani: mandal (“village”)
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Assamese: মাৰল (marol)
      • Oriya: ମଣ୍ଡଳ (môṇḍôḷô), ମୁଣ୍ଡୁଳା (muṇḍuḷa), ମୁଣ୍ଡୁଳୀ (muṇḍuḷi)
      • Bihari:
        • Maithili: maṛᵃrā, mā̃ṛᵊrɨ, maṛro

          Devanagari script: मड़रा, माँड़रि, मड़्रो

          Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒛𑓃𑒩𑒰, 𑒧𑒰𑒿𑒛𑓃𑒩, 𑒧𑒛𑓃𑓂𑒩𑒽

  • Northern:
    • Khasa Prakrit:
      • Nepali: मडेउलि (maḍeuli)
  • Southern:
    • Elu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: މަޑުލު‎ (maḍulu), މަޑުލަ‎ (maḍula)
      • Sinhalese: මඩුල්ල (maḍulla), මැඩිල්ල (mæḍilla)
    • Maharashtra Prakrit:
      • Marathi: mãḍaḷ, mā̃ḍaḷ

        Devanagari script: मंडळ (maṇḍaḷ), मांडळ (māṇḍaḷ)

        Modi script: 𑘦𑘽𑘚𑘯 (maṇḍaḷ), 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘚𑘯 (māṇḍaḷ)

  • Western:
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Punjabi: maṇḍal (“circle, orb”), maṇḍlī (“assembly”)

        Gurmukhi script: ਮੰਡਲ, ਮੰਡਲੀ

        Shahmukhi script: مَݨڈَل‎, مَݨڈلِی‎

        • Lahnda: منلا‎ (mannlā, “lid of a churn”)
• → Bengali: মণ্ডল (monḍol)
• → Hindi: मंडल (maṇḍal)
• → Punjabi: ਮੰਡਲ (maṇḍal)
• → Tamil: மண்டலம் (maṇṭalam)
• → Thai: มณฑล (mon-ton)

Noun

मण्डल • (maṇḍala) m

1. dog
2. a kind of snake
3. Tinospora cordifolia (syns. Chasmanthera cordifolia, Cocculus cordifolius)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मण्डल (maṇḍala)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मण्डलः maṇḍalaḥ	मण्डलौ maṇḍalau	मण्डलाः / मण्डलासः¹ maṇḍalāḥ / maṇḍalāsaḥ¹
Vocative	मण्डल maṇḍala	मण्डलौ maṇḍalau	मण्डलाः / मण्डलासः¹ maṇḍalāḥ / maṇḍalāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मण्डलम् maṇḍalam	मण्डलौ maṇḍalau	मण्डलान् maṇḍalān
Instrumental	मण्डलेन maṇḍalena	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलैः / मण्डलेभिः¹ maṇḍalaiḥ / maṇḍalebhiḥ¹
Dative	मण्डलाय maṇḍalāya	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलेभ्यः maṇḍalebhyaḥ
Ablative	मण्डलात् maṇḍalāt	मण्डलाभ्याम् maṇḍalābhyām	मण्डलेभ्यः maṇḍalebhyaḥ
Genitive	मण्डलस्य maṇḍalasya	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलानाम् maṇḍalānām
Locative	मण्डले maṇḍale	मण्डलयोः maṇḍalayoḥ	मण्डलेषु maṇḍaleṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “mandala”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 559
• Monier Williams (1899), “मण्डल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0775.