यान

See also: यान्, योनि, and यानी

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit यान (yāna).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /jɑːn/, [jä̃ːn]

Noun

यान • (yān) m

1. vehicle, craft, coach

Declension

Declension of यान (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	यान yān	यान yān
oblique	यान yān	यानों yānõ
vocative	यान yān	यानो yāno

Hyponyms

• गाड़ी (gāṛī)

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “यान”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 4068
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “यान”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 629
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “यान”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 843
• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “यान”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 529.

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit यान (yāna).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jan/

Noun

यान • (yān) n

1. vehicle

   Synonym: गाडी (gāḍī)

2. coach
3. carriage

Declension

Declension of यान (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	यान yān
direct plural	याने, यानं yāne, yāna
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	यान yān		याने, यानं yāne, yāna
oblique सामान्यरूप	याना yānā		यानां- yānān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	यानाला yānālā		यानांना yānānnā
ergative	यानाने, यानानं yānāne, yānāna		यानांनी yānānnī
instrumental	यानाशी yānāśī		यानांशी yānānśī
locative सप्तमी	यानात yānāt		यानांत yānāt
vocative संबोधन	याना yānā		यानांनो yānānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of यान (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	यानाचा yānāċā	यानाचे yānāċe	यानाची yānācī	यानाच्या yānācā	यानाचे, यानाचं yānāċe, yānāċa	यानाची yānācī	यानाच्या yānācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	यानांचा yānānċā	यानांचे yānānċe	यानांची yānāñcī	यानांच्या yānāncā	यानांचे, यानांचं yānānċe, yānānċa	यानांची yānāñcī	यानांच्या yānāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• yāna (Latin script)
• 𑀬𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• যান (Bengali script)
• යාන (Sinhalese script)
• ယာန or ယႃၼ (Burmese script)
• ยาน or ยานะ (Thai script)
• ᨿᩣᨶ (Tai Tham script)
• ຍານ or ຍານະ or ຢານະ (Lao script)
• យាន (Khmer script)
• 𑄠𑄂𑄚 (Chakma script)

Noun

यान n

1. Devanagari script form of yāna (“conveyance”)

Declension

Declension table of "यान" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	यानं (yānaṃ)	यानानि (yānāni) or याना (yānā)
Accusative (second)	यानं (yānaṃ)	यानानि (yānāni)
Instrumental (third)	यानेन (yānena)	यानेहि (yānehi) or यानेभि (yānebhi)
Dative (fourth)	यानस्स (yānassa) or यानाय (yānāya) or यानत्थं (yānatthaṃ)	यानानं (yānānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	यानस्मा (yānasmā) or यानम्हा (yānamhā) or याना (yānā)	यानेहि (yānehi) or यानेभि (yānebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	यानस्स (yānassa)	यानानं (yānānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	यानस्मिं (yānasmiṃ) or यानम्हि (yānamhi) or याने (yāne)	यानेसु (yānesu)
Vocative (calling)	यान (yāna)	यानानि (yānāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• যান (Assamese script)
• ᬬᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
• যান (Bengali script)
• 𑰧𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀬𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ယာန (Burmese script)
• યાન (Gujarati script)
• ਯਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌯𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦪꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂨𑂰𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ಯಾನ (Kannada script)
• យាន (Khmer script)
• ຍານ (Lao script)
• യാന (Malayalam script)
• ᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘧𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧇𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐫𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଯାନ (Odia script)
• ꢫꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆪𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖧𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
• යාන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩻𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚣𑚭𑚝 (Takri script)
• யாந (Tamil script)
• యాన (Telugu script)
• ยาน (Thai script)
• ཡཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒨𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨪𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáHnam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂-nom, from *yeh₂- (“to go”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *ěxati (“to travel”). The Sanskrit root is या (yā, “to go, proceed”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɑ́ː.nɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /jɑː.n̪ɐ/

Adjective

यान • (yāna) stem

1. leading, conducting (said of a road)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of यान

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	यानः (yānaḥ)	यानौ (yānau)	यानाः (yānāḥ)
accusative	यानम् (yānam)	यानौ (yānau)	यानान् (yānān)
instrumental	यानेन (yānena)	यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām)	यानैः (yānaiḥ)
dative	यानाय (yānāya)	यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām)	यानेभ्यः (yānebhyaḥ)
ablative	यानात् (yānāt)	यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām)	यानेभ्यः (yānebhyaḥ)
genitive	यानस्य (yānasya)	यानयोः (yānayoḥ)	यानानाम् (yānānām)
locative	याने (yāne)	यानयोः (yānayoḥ)	यानेषु (yāneṣu)
vocative	यान (yāna)	यानौ (yānau)	यानाः (yānāḥ)

Feminine ā-stem declension of यान

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	याना (yānā)	याने (yāne)	यानाः (yānāḥ)
accusative	यानाम् (yānām)	याने (yāne)	यानाः (yānāḥ)
instrumental	यानया (yānayā)	यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām)	यानाभिः (yānābhiḥ)
dative	यानायै (yānāyai)	यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām)	यानाभ्यः (yānābhyaḥ)
ablative	यानायाः (yānāyāḥ)	यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām)	यानाभ्यः (yānābhyaḥ)
genitive	यानायाः (yānāyāḥ)	यानयोः (yānayoḥ)	यानानाम् (yānānām)
locative	यानायाम् (yānāyām)	यानयोः (yānayoḥ)	यानासु (yānāsu)
vocative	याने (yāne)	याने (yāne)	यानाः (yānāḥ)

Neuter a-stem declension of यान

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	यानम् (yānam)	याने (yāne)	यानानि (yānāni)
accusative	यानम् (yānam)	याने (yāne)	यानानि (yānāni)
instrumental	यानेन (yānena)	यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām)	यानैः (yānaiḥ)
dative	यानाय (yānāya)	यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām)	यानेभ्यः (yānebhyaḥ)
ablative	यानात् (yānāt)	यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām)	यानेभ्यः (yānebhyaḥ)
genitive	यानस्य (yānasya)	यानयोः (yānayoḥ)	यानानाम् (yānānām)
locative	याने (yāne)	यानयोः (yānayoḥ)	यानेषु (yāneṣu)
vocative	यान (yāna)	याने (yāne)	यानानि (yānāni)

Noun

यान • (yā́na) stem, n

1. carriage, vehicle, mode of transport
2. moving, journey, travel
3. going, moving, riding, marching to or upon or against
4. (Buddhism) figuratively and metaphorically, the modes or methods of religious practice that "convey" practitioners on "journeys" towards their spiritual goal, normally translated as vehicle

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of यान

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	यानम् (yā́nam)	याने (yā́ne)	यानानि (yā́nāni) याना¹ (yā́nā¹)
accusative	यानम् (yā́nam)	याने (yā́ne)	यानानि (yā́nāni) याना¹ (yā́nā¹)
instrumental	यानेन (yā́nena)	यानाभ्याम् (yā́nābhyām)	यानैः (yā́naiḥ) यानेभिः¹ (yā́nebhiḥ¹)
dative	यानाय (yā́nāya)	यानाभ्याम् (yā́nābhyām)	यानेभ्यः (yā́nebhyaḥ)
ablative	यानात् (yā́nāt)	यानाभ्याम् (yā́nābhyām)	यानेभ्यः (yā́nebhyaḥ)
genitive	यानस्य (yā́nasya)	यानयोः (yā́nayoḥ)	यानानाम् (yā́nānām)
locative	याने (yā́ne)	यानयोः (yā́nayoḥ)	यानेषु (yā́neṣu)
vocative	यान (yā́na)	याने (yā́ne)	यानानि (yā́nāni) याना¹ (yā́nā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• अभियान (abhiyāna)
• उद्यान (udyāna)
• कारयान (kārayāna)
• तन्त्रयान (tantrayāna)
• बसयान (basayāna)
• मन्त्रयान (mantrayāna)
• महायान (mahāyāna)
• वज्रयान (vajrayāna)
• श्रावकयान (śrāvakayāna)
• सूत्रयान (sūtrayāna)
• हीनयान (hīnayāna)

Related terms

• यामन् (yā́man)
• याति (yā́ti)
• यावन् (yā́van)

Descendants

• → Khmer: យាន (yiən, “conveyance”)
• → Kannada: ಯಾನ (yāna, “carriage, vehicle”)
• → Hindi: यान (yān, “carriage, coach”)
• → Malayalam: യാനം (yānaṁ, “carriage, vehicle”)
• → Marathi: यान (yān, “carriage, vehicle”)
• → Pali: yāna (“conveyance”)
  • → Burmese: ယာဉ် (yany, “conveyance”)
    • → Shan: ယဵၼ်ႇ (yàen, “conveyance”)
  • → Thai: ยาน (yaan, “conveyance”)
• → Tamil: யானம் (yāṉam, “carriage, vehicle”)
• → Telugu: యానము (yānamu, “carriage, vehicle”)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “यान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 849/3.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025), “yāna”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.