互

See also: 亙

Translingual

Han character

互 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一女弓一 (MVNM), four-corner 1010₇, composition ⿱一彑)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 86, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 255
• Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 14, character 1
• Unihan data for U+4E92

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		互

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 互
Small seal script s03386 s03387 Transcribed ancient scripts L20734 L20735 L20736
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (互) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
魱	*ɡaː
互	*ɡaːs
冱	*ɡaːs
枑	*ɡaːs

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hù (hu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): fu¹

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hō͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hu⁶ / hou⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hù
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hù
    • Wade–Giles: hu⁴
    • Yale: hù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huh
    • Palladius: ху (xu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wu⁶
    • Yale: wuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: wu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu
    • Hakka Romanization System: fu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fu⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fu⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘
    • Tâi-lô: hōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ho
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hu⁶ / hou⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŭ / hōu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³⁵/, /hou¹¹/

Note:

• hu6 - literary (mutual);
• hou7 - vernacular (to give).

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• Middle Chinese: huH

Rime
Character	互
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡誤切
Baxter	huH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuoH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuoH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣoH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔH/
Li Rong	/ɣoH/
Wang Li	/ɣuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-qˤaʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	互
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hù
Middle Chinese	‹ huH ›
Old Chinese	/*m-qˁaʔ-s/
English	intertwining
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	互
Reading #	1/1
No.	5288
Phonetic component	互
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	護
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 互

1. mutually; reciprocally
2. mutual
3. crisscrossing; intertwining
4. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 䇘 (hù, “a tool to wind up cord”).
5. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 枑 (hù, “wooden rack”).
6. ^† error; mistake
7. ^† gate
8. ^† crustacean
9. a surname
10. (Southern Min) To give

Usage notes

• 互 (hù) usually modifies a verb of one syllable, while its negative 互不 usually modifies a verb of two.

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Japanese

Kanji

互

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. mutually, reciprocally

Readings

• Go-on: ご (go, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: こ (ko)
• Kun: たがい (tagai, 互い, Jōyō)^{←たがひ (tagafi, 互ひ, historical)}

Compounds

Compounds

• 相(そう)互(ご) (sōgo)
• 互(ご)角(かく) (gokaku)
• 交(こう)互(ご) (kōgo)

• 互(ご)換(かん) (gokan)
• 互(ご)選(せん) (gosen)
• 互(ご)助(じょ) (gojo)

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Korean

Hanja

互 (eum 호 (ho))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

互: Hán Nôm readings: hỗ, hổ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation