年齡

See also: 年龄 and 年齢

Chinese

		year	age; stage of one's life
trad. (年齡)		年	齡
simp. (年龄)		年	龄

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): niánlíng

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄥˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyian² nin²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nin⁴ ling⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): ngièn-lìn / ngiàn-lìn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ngian² lin²

• Eastern Min (BUC): nièng-lìng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): liân-lêng / nî-lêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵ lêng⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gni-lin

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niánlíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niánlíng
    • Wade–Giles: nien²-ling²
    • Yale: nyán-líng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nianling
    • Palladius: няньлин (njanʹlin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn³⁵ liŋ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nyian² nin²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: nian lin
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʲiɛn²¹ nin²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: nin⁴ ling⁴
    • Yale: nìhn lìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nin⁴ ling⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nin⁴ ling⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːn²¹ lɪŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngièn-lìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngien^ˇ lin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngian² lin²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯en¹¹ lin¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàn-lìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngian^ˇ lin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngian² lin²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯an¹¹ lin¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ngian² lin²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋian¹¹ lin¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nièng-lìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^(l-)nˡiŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liân-lêng
    • Tâi-lô: liân-lîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lienleeng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn²³⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn¹³⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /liɛn²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-lêng
    • Tâi-lô: nî-lîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nileeng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ni⁵ lêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî lêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ leŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶gni-lin
    • MiniDict: nyi^去 lin
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyi-lin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲi²² lin⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: nen leng

Rime
Character	年	齡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	奴顚切	郎丁切
Baxter	nen	leng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nen/	/leŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/nen/	/leŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛn/	/lɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛn/	/lɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/nen/	/leŋ/
Wang Li	/nien/	/lieŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/nien/	/lieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nián	líng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nin4	ling4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*niːŋ  reːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	年
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nián
Middle Chinese	‹ nen ›
Old Chinese	/*C.nˁi[ŋ]/
English	harvest; year
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	年	齡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9482	8288
Phonetic component	秊	令
Rime group	眞	耕
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime		靈
Old Chinese	/*niːŋ/	/*reːŋ/
Notes	同秊

Noun

年齡

1. age (of a person, plant, heavenly body, etc.)

   年齡分佈／年龄分布  ―  niánlíng fēnbù  ―  age distribution

   法定年齡／法定年龄  ―  fǎdìng niánlíng  ―  legal age

   年齡階段／年龄阶段  ―  niánlíng jiēduàn  ―  stage of (a person's) life

Usage notes

年齡／年龄 (niánlíng) and 年紀／年纪 (niánjì) are different in that the former can refer to the age of a person, plant or heavenly body, while the latter can only refer to the age of a person.

Synonyms

edit

• 年事 (niánshì)
• 年歲／年岁 (niánsuì)
• 年紀／年纪 (niánjì)
• 年齒／年齿 (niánchǐ) (literary, of a person, in years)
• 歲子／岁子 (Hokkien)
• 歲數／岁数 (suìshu)
• 歲聲／岁声 (Hokkien, Teochew)
• 歲頭／岁头 (Hokkien)
• 齒髮／齿发 (chǐfà) (literary, humble)

 

Derived terms

• 實足年齡／实足年龄
• 年齡層／年龄层
• 年齡黨／年龄党 (niánlíngdǎng)
• 心智年齡／心智年龄 (xīnzhì niánlíng)
• 心理年齡／心理年龄 (xīnlǐ niánlíng)
• 成人年齡／成人年龄 (chéngrén niánlíng)
• 成年年齡／成年年龄 (chéngnián niánlíng)
• 智力年齡／智力年龄
• 法定年齡／法定年龄 (fǎdìng niánlíng)
• 生理年齡／生理年龄 (shēnglǐ niánlíng)
• 適婚年齡／适婚年龄
• 骨齡／骨龄 (gǔlíng)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (年齡):

• → Japanese: 年齢(ねんれい) (nenrei)
• → Korean: 연령(年齡) (yeollyeong)

Korean

Hanja in this term
年	齡

Noun

年齡 • (yeollyeong) (hangeul 연령)

1. hanja form^? of 연령 (“(someone's) age”)