形容動詞
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |||
---|---|---|---|
形 | 容 | 動 | 詞 |
けい Grade: 2 |
よう Grade: 5 |
どう Grade: 3 |
し Grade: 6 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
Compound of 形容 (keiyō, “description; form”) + 動詞 (dōshi, “verb”).[1]
Pronunciation
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Noun
形容動詞 • (keiyō dōshi)
- (grammar) specific to Japanese grammar, an adjective with an attributive form that ends in な (-na)
Usage notes
English-language labels for this part of speech are various, and include adjective, adjectival noun, the literal translation of adjectival verb, copular noun, "-na" adjective, and quasi-adjective.
Although this term contains the word 動詞 (dōshi, “verb”) and some sources compare them to verbs, some people feel that there is nothing intrinsically verb-like about these words in the modern language. Historically, this appellation probably arose due to certain inflectionary endings that derived from verbs, such as なる (naru, homophonic with naru "to become", but actually derived as a contraction of ni aru "to be (in a certain state)").
Japanese has three classes of words that correspond to adjectives in English: 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi), 形容詞 (keiyōshi), and 連体詞 (rentaishi). There are no generally accepted English translations for these parts of speech, and varying texts adopt different translations. Note that some western texts call 形容詞 (keiyōshi) "adjectival verbs", so take caution when using the literal translation of 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi).
In more practical and less academic texts, all three of these parts of speech are broadly called “adjectives”, with explanations given for how each type functions.
Synonyms
- (adjective, in the broad sense of a word that modifies a noun)::
See also
- Category:Japanese な-na adjectives
- (parts of speech) 品詞 (hinshi); 冠詞 (kanshi, “article”), 感動詞 (kandōshi, “interjection”), 形容詞 (keiyōshi, “adjective”), 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi, “adjectival noun”), 数詞 (sūshi, “numeral”), 接続詞 (setsuzokushi, “conjunction”), 前置詞 (zenchishi, “preposition”), 代名詞 (daimeishi, “pronoun”), 動詞 (dōshi, “verb”), 副詞 (fukushi, “adverb”), 名詞 (meishi, “noun”) (Category: ja:Parts of speech)
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
Further reading
形容動詞 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja
Japanese adjectives on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Japanese terms spelled with 形 read as けい
- Japanese terms spelled with 容 read as よう
- Japanese terms spelled with 動 read as どう
- Japanese terms spelled with 詞 read as し
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 4 kanji
- ja:Parts of speech
- ja:Adjectives
- ja:Verbs