形容詞

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See also: 形容词

Chinese

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word; phrase; classical Chinese poem
trad. (形容詞) 形容
simp. (形容词) 形容
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Pronunciation

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Noun

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形容詞

  1. (grammar) adjective

Derived terms

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term
けい
Grade: 2
よう
Grade: 5

Grade: 6
kan'on
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Etymology

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From 形容 (keiyō, description; form) +‎ (-shi, word; part of speech).[1][2][3][4]

First cited to 1870.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(けい)(よう)() (keiyōshi

  1. [from 1870] (grammar) an -i adjective: specific to Japanese grammar, an adjective with an attributive form that ends in (​-i)
  2. [after 1870] (grammar) (more generally, such as in another language) an adjective
    (けい)(よう)()(かく)(へん)()
    keiyōshi no kakuhenka
    adjectival declension
    (しょ)(ゆう)(けい)(よう)()
    shoyū keiyōshi
    a possessive adjective
    フランス()(けい)(よう)()(およ)(めい)()(だん)(せい)(けい)(じょ)(せい)(けい)ある
    Furansu-go no keiyōshi oyobi meishi wa, danseikei to joseikei ga aru.
    French adjectives and nouns have masculine and feminine forms.

Usage notes

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In Japanese grammar, 形容詞 is a specific class of 用言 (yōgen, inflectable words), with a specific inflection. Historically, they include words whose 終止形 (shūshikei, final form) ends with and whose 連体形 (rentaikei, attributive form) ends with . In standard modern Japanese, they only include words whose both forms end with (hence the alternate name "-i adjective"). Other endings occur in dialects. These contrast with other classes of words with adjectival functions, such as 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi, -na adjectives, literally adjectival verbs), 連体詞 (rentaishi, adnominals), and attributive nouns.

See also

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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 形容詞”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ 形容詞”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

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Hanja in this term

Noun

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形容詞 (hyeongyongsa) (hangeul 형용사)

  1. hanja form? of 형용사 (adjective)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Noun

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形容詞

  1. chữ Hán form of hình dung từ (adjective).