憫

See also: 悯

Translingual

Han character

憫 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心日弓大 (PANK), four-corner 9702₀, composition ⿰忄閔)

1. pity, sympathize with, grieve for

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 403, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11252
• Dae Jaweon: page 744, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2357, character 4
• Unihan data for U+61AB

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Chinese

trad.		憫
simp.		悯
alternative forms		愍

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (閔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
憫	*mrɯnʔ
閔	*mrɯnʔ
潣	*mrɯnʔ, *mɯːlʔ
簢	*mrɯnʔ
燘	*mɯːlʔ, *hmɯːlʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mǐn (min³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): man⁵
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bín

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
    • Wade–Giles: min³
    • Yale: mǐn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
    • Palladius: минь (minʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /min²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: man⁵
    • Yale: máhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: man⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: men⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bín
    • Tâi-lô: bín
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bien
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bin⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bin⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bin⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: minX

Rime
Character	憫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	眉殞切
Baxter	minX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠiɪnX/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚinX/
Shao Rongfen	/mienX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mjinX/
Li Rong	/mjĕnX/
Wang Li	/mǐĕnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯ĕnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mǐn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	man5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mrə[n]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mrɯnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	憫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mǐn
Middle Chinese	‹ minX ›
Old Chinese	/*mrə[n]ʔ/
English	grieved
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	憫
Reading #	1/1
No.	9153
Phonetic component	閔
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	愍
Old Chinese	/*mrɯnʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 憫

1. to sympathize, to pity, to feel compassion for

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Japanese

Kanji

憫

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: みん (min)
• Kan-on: びん (bin)
• Kun: あわれむ (awaremu, 憫れむ); うれえる (ureeru, 憫える)

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Korean

Hanja

憫 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 憫 (mẫn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.