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新し

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Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
あたら
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Shift in meaning from classical adjective 可惜し (atarashi, precious, regrettable).

By metathesis both meanings of 可惜し (atarashi) and 新たし (aratashi, new, novel) were compounded into this atarashi around the developmental stages of Middle Japanese, while aratashi fell out of use. See (あたら)しい (atarashii) for further details of its etymology. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Adjective

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(あたら) (atarashi-shiku

  1. (archaic) new, novel
  2. (archaic) latest, recent
  3. (archaic) modern
  4. (archaic) fresh
Conjugation
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Classical conjugation of "新し" (シク活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 新しく[1]
新しから[2]
あたらしく
あたらしから
atarasiku
atarasikara
Continuative (連用形) 新しく[1]
新しかり[2]
あたらしく
あたらしかり
atarasiku
atarasikari
Terminal (終止形) 新し あたらし atarasi
Attributive (連体形) 新しき
新しかる
あたらしき
あたらしかる
atarasiki
atarasikaru
Realis (已然形) 新しけれ あたらしけれ atarasikere
Imperative (命令形) 新しかれ あたらしかれ atarasikare
Key constructions
Negative 新しからず あたらしからず atarasikarazu
Contrasting conjunction 新しけれど あたらしけれど atarasikeredo
Causal conjunction 新しければ あたらしければ atarasikereba
Conditional conjunction 新しくば あたらしくば atarasikuba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 新しかりき あたらしかりき atarasikariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 新しかりけり あたらしかりけり atarasikarikeri
Adverbial 新しく あたらしく atarasiku

[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

Derived terms
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Proverbs
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
あら(た)
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.

Derived from adjectival noun 新た (arata, new) +‎ (-shi, adjectival suffix).

By metathesis this aratashi and 可惜し (atarashi, precious, regrettable) merged into atarashi above around the developmental stages of Middle Japanese. See (あたら)しい (atarashii) for further details of its etymology. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Adjective

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(あらた) (aratashi-shiku

  1. (obsolete) alternative spelling of 新たし (aratashi): new, novel
Conjugation
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Classical conjugation of "新し" (シク活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 新しく[1]
新しから[2]
あらたしく
あらたしから
aratasiku
aratasikara
Continuative (連用形) 新しく[1]
新しかり[2]
あらたしく
あらたしかり
aratasiku
aratasikari
Terminal (終止形) 新し あらたし aratasi
Attributive (連体形) 新しき
新しかる
あらたしき
あらたしかる
aratasiki
aratasikaru
Realis (已然形) 新しけれ あらたしけれ aratasikere
Imperative (命令形) 新しかれ あらたしかれ aratasikare
Key constructions
Negative 新しからず あらたしからず aratasikarazu
Contrasting conjunction 新しけれど あらたしけれど aratasikeredo
Causal conjunction 新しければ あらたしければ aratasikereba
Conditional conjunction 新しくば あらたしくば aratasikuba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 新しかりき あらたしかりき aratasikariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 新しかりけり あらたしかりけり aratasikarikeri
Adverbial 新しく あらたしく aratasiku

[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
にい
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.

Derived from root (nii, fresh, new, original) +‎ (-shi, adjectival suffix).

Adjective

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(にい) (nīshiにひし (nifisi)?-shiku

  1. (obsolete) Same as あたらし (atarashi) above
Conjugation
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Classical conjugation of "新し" (シク活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 新しく[1]
新しから[2]
にひしく
にひしから
nifisiku
nifisikara
Continuative (連用形) 新しく[1]
新しかり[2]
にひしく
にひしかり
nifisiku
nifisikari
Terminal (終止形) 新し にひし nifisi
Attributive (連体形) 新しき
新しかる
にひしき
にひしかる
nifisiki
nifisikaru
Realis (已然形) 新しけれ にひしけれ nifisikere
Imperative (命令形) 新しかれ にひしかれ nifisikare
Key constructions
Negative 新しからず にひしからず nifisikarazu
Contrasting conjunction 新しけれど にひしけれど nifisikeredo
Causal conjunction 新しければ にひしければ nifisikereba
Conditional conjunction 新しくば にひしくば nifisikuba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 新しかりき にひしかりき nifisikariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 新しかりけり にひしかりけり nifisikarikeri
Adverbial 新しく にひしく nifisiku

[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

Antonyms

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