暑い
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 暑 |
| あつ Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 暑い (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
[edit]From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *atu.
Cognate with 熱い (atsui, “hot (of an object)”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of 暑い
| Plain | 暑い | あつい | [àtsúꜜì] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 暑くて | あつくて あつくて |
[àtsúꜜkùtè] [áꜜtsùkùtè] |
| Continuative | 暑く | あつく あつく |
[àtsúꜜkù] [áꜜtsùkù] |
| Negative | 暑くない | あつく・ない あつく・ない |
[àtsúꜜkù náꜜì] [áꜜtsùkù náꜜì] |
| Past | 暑かった | あつかった あつかった |
[àtsúꜜkàttà] [áꜜtsùkàttà] |
| Negative past | 暑くなかった | あつく・なかった あつく・なかった |
[àtsúꜜkù náꜜkàttà] [áꜜtsùkù náꜜkàttà] |
| Conditional | 暑ければ | あつければ あつければ |
[àtsúꜜkèrèbà] [áꜜtsùkèrèbà] |
| Terminal | 暑い | あつい | [àtsúꜜì] |
| Formal | 暑いです | あついです | [àtsúꜜì dèsù] |
Adjective
[edit]暑い • (atsui) -i (adverbial 暑く (atsuku))
Usage notes
[edit]- 暑い (atsui) is used to describe weather. To describe objects and feelings, use 熱い (atsui).
Inflection
[edit]| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 暑かろ | あつかろ | atsukaro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 暑く | あつく | atsuku |
| Terminal (終止形) | 暑い | あつい | atsui |
| Attributive (連体形) | 暑い | あつい | atsui |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 暑けれ | あつけれ | atsukere |
| Imperative (命令形) | 暑かれ | あつかれ | atsukare |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 暑くない | あつくない | atsuku nai |
| Informal past | 暑かった | あつかった | atsukatta |
| Informal negative past | 暑くなかった | あつくなかった | atsuku nakatta |
| Formal | 暑いです | あついです | atsui desu |
| Formal negative | 暑くないです | あつくないです | atsuku nai desu |
| Formal past | 暑かったです | あつかったです | atsukatta desu |
| Formal negative past | 暑くなかったです | あつくなかったです | atsuku nakatta desu |
| Conjunctive | 暑くて | あつくて | atsukute |
| Conditional | 暑ければ | あつければ | atsukereba |
| Provisional | 暑かったら | あつかったら | atsukattara |
| Volitional | 暑かろう | あつかろう | atsukarō |
| Adverbial | 暑く | あつく | atsuku |
| Degree | 暑さ | あつさ | atsusa |
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 暑く[1] 暑から[2] |
あつく あつから |
atuku atukara |
| Continuative (連用形) | 暑く[1] 暑かり[2] |
あつく あつかり |
atuku atukari |
| Terminal (終止形) | 暑し | あつし | atusi |
| Attributive (連体形) | 暑き 暑かる |
あつき あつかる |
atuki atukaru |
| Realis (已然形) | 暑けれ | あつけれ | atukere |
| Imperative (命令形) | 暑かれ | あつかれ | atukare |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 暑からず | あつからず | atukarazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 暑けれど | あつけれど | atukeredo |
| Causal conjunction | 暑ければ | あつければ | atukereba |
| Conditional conjunction | 暑くば | あつくば | atukuba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 暑かりき | あつかりき | atukariki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 暑かりけり | あつかりけり | atukarikeri |
| Adverbial | 暑く | あつく | atuku |
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.
Antonyms
[edit]Coordinate terms
[edit]- 熱い (atsui): hot (of an object)
- 暖かい (atatakai): warm (of weather)
- 涼しい (suzushii): cool (of weather)
- 冷たい (tsumetai): cold or cool (of an object)
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
- “暑い”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 暑 read as あつ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with Nakadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese い-i adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples