犅

Translingual

Han character

犅 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹手月廿山 (HQBTU), four-corner 2752₀, composition ⿰牜岡)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 702, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20056
• Dae Jaweon: page 1115, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1813, character 5
• Unihan data for U+7285

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		犅

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (岡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
岡	*klaːŋ
崗	*klaːŋ
剛	*klaːŋ
掆	*klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
鋼	*klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
綱	*klaːŋ
犅	*klaːŋ
堈	*klaːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ) : semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gaŋ (“penis, male”) (STEDT).

Schuessler, (2007) minimally reconstructs OC *kâŋ from earlier *klaŋ and proposed OC word's cognacy to Mru klaŋ, Mizo tlaŋ (“male”), Karbi chè lóŋ (“buffalo”), and Tibetan གླང (glang, “ox”), the latter four from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *laŋ with animal prefix *s- or *k-; if so, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b/m-laŋ (“penis, male, husband”) (STEDT).

Gong (1995) instead relates Tibetan གླང (glang, “ox”) to Old Chinese 象 (OC *ljaŋʔ) "elephant".

Zev Handel also notes 犅 (OC *klaːŋ)'s parallel etymology with its homophone 岡 (OC *klaːŋ) "ridge" (Mand. gāng) in the same phonetic series.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gāng (gang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gong¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gang
    • Wade–Giles: kang¹
    • Yale: gāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gang
    • Palladius: ган (gan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gong¹
    • Yale: gōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: kang

Rime
Character	犅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古郎切
Baxter	kang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaŋ/
Li Rong	/kɑŋ/
Wang Li	/kɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gong1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*klaːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	犅
Reading #	1/1
No.	3717
Phonetic component	岡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	岡
Old Chinese	/*klaːŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 犅

1. bull