鎮魂

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鎮	魂
ちん Grade: S	こん Grade: S
on'yomi	kan'on

Alternative spelling
鎭魂 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 鎮魂 (MC trinH hwon, literally “to calm, to pacify + soul, spirit”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕĩŋkõ̞ɴ]
• (Tokyo) ちんこん [chìńkóń] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

鎮(ちん)魂(こん) • (chinkon) ^{←ちんこん (tinkon)?}

1. consolation and pacification of the souls of the dead

Verb

鎮(ちん)魂(こん)する • (chinkon suru) ^{←ちんこん (tinkon)?}suru (stem 鎮(ちん)魂(こん)し (chinkon shi), past 鎮(ちん)魂(こん)した (chinkon shita))

1. to console and pacify the souls of the dead

Conjugation

Conjugation of "鎮魂する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	鎮魂し	ちんこんし	chinkon shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	鎮魂し	ちんこんし	chinkon shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	鎮魂する	ちんこんする	chinkon suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	鎮魂する	ちんこんする	chinkon suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	鎮魂すれ	ちんこんすれ	chinkon sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	鎮魂せよ¹ 鎮魂しろ²	ちんこんせよ¹ ちんこんしろ²	chinkon seyo¹ chinkon shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	鎮魂される	ちんこんされる	chinkon sareru
Causative	鎮魂させる 鎮魂さす	ちんこんさせる ちんこんさす	chinkon saseru chinkon sasu
Potential	鎮魂できる	ちんこんできる	chinkon dekiru
Volitional	鎮魂しよう	ちんこんしよう	chinkon shiyō
Negative	鎮魂しない	ちんこんしない	chinkon shinai
Negative continuative	鎮魂せず	ちんこんせず	chinkon sezu
Formal	鎮魂します	ちんこんします	chinkon shimasu
Perfective	鎮魂した	ちんこんした	chinkon shita
Conjunctive	鎮魂して	ちんこんして	chinkon shite
Hypothetical conditional	鎮魂すれば	ちんこんすれば	chinkon sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Derived terms

• 鎮魂歌(ちんこんか) (chinkonka)
• 鎮魂曲(ちんこんきょく) (chinkonkyoku)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鎮	魂
たましずめ
Grade: S	Grade: S
jukujikun

Alternative spelling
鎭魂 (kyūjitai)

Compound of 魂 (tama, “soul”) +‎ 鎮め (shizume, “calming, pacifying, appeasing”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 鎮(しず)める (shizumeru, “to calm, to pacify, to appease”).).

The spelling is from Middle Chinese, from the chinkon reading above.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ta̠ma̠ɕizɨme̞]
• (Tokyo) たましずめ [tàmáshíꜜzùmè] (Nakadaka – [3])

Noun

鎮魂(たましずめ) • (tamashizume) ^{←たましづめ (tamasidume)?}

1. consolation and pacification of the souls of the dead
2. (Shinto) short for 鎮魂の祭 (tamashizume no matsuri, “festival for the pacification of the souls of the dead”) or 鎮魂の式 (tamashizume no shiki, “ritual for the pacification of the souls of the dead”): a mass

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
鎮	魂
みたましずめ
Grade: S	Grade: S
jukujikun

Alternative spelling
鎭魂 (kyūjitai)

Compound of 御霊 (mitama, “soul”) +‎ 鎮め (shizume, “calming, pacifying, appeasing”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 鎮(しず)める (shizumeru, “to calm, to pacify, to appease”).).

The spelling is from Middle Chinese, from the chinkon reading above.

This reading with the mi- prefix appears to be less common than tamashizume above.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mʲita̠ma̠ɕizɨme̞]

Noun

鎮魂(みたましずめ) • (mitamashizume) ^{←みたましづめ (mitamasidume)?}

1. (Shinto, archaic) (see tamashizume above)

References

• “〈鎮魂〉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026