빌다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 빌〯다〮 (Yale: pǐl-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈpi(ː)ɭda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [빌(ː)다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	bilda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	bilda
McCune–Reischauer?	pilda
Yale Romanization?	pīlta

Verb

빌다 • (bilda) (infinitive 빌어, sequential 비니) (transitive or intransitive)

1. to wish, to pray for something

   삼가 고인의 명복을 빕니다

   samga goinui myeongbogeul bimnida

   rest in peace

   (literally, “I reverently wish for the happiness of the deceased in the next world”)

2. to beg for, to ask for
   • 2017, “경두 [gyeongdu]”, in 첫사랑 [cheotsarang], 문학동네 [munhakdongne], →ISBN, page 83:

     조는 척하고 있었지만 네가 그 자리에 있는 것처럼 가슴이 뛰었다. 그 고동 소리를 듣고 청년이 내게로 온다면 나는 나도 모르게 잘못했다고 빌 것 같았다.

     Joneun cheok-hago isseotjiman ne-ga geu jari-e inneun geot-cheoreom gaseum-i ttwieotda. Geu godong sori-reul deutgo cheongnyeon-i nae-ge-ro onda-myeon na-neun na-do moreuge jalmot-haetda-go bil geot gatatda.

     I was pretending to doze off, but my heart was beating as if you were there. If the young man came to me, having heard the sound of that pounding of my heart, I would have begged for forgiveness in spite of myself.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 빌다 (bilda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	빈다 binda	빌어 bireo	빌어요 bireoyo	빕니다 bimnida
	Past	빌었다 bireotda	빌었어 bireosseo	빌었어요 bireosseoyo	빌었습니다 bireotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	비느냐 bineunya	빌어 bireo	빌어요 bireoyo	빕니까 bimnikka
	Past	빌었느냐 bireonneunya	빌었어 bireosseo	빌었어요 bireosseoyo	빌었습니까 bireotseumnikka
Hortative		빌자 bilja	빌어 bireo	빌어요 bireoyo	비십시다 bisipsida
Imperative		빌어라 bireora	빌어 bireo	빌어요 bireoyo	빕시오 bipsio
Assertive		빌겠다 bilgetda	빌겠어 bilgesseo	빌겠어요 bilgesseoyo	빌겠습니다 bilgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		빌어 bireo	빌어서 bireoseo	비니 bini	비니까 binikka
Contrast		빌지만 biljiman	비는데 bineunde	빌더니 bildeoni
Conjunction		빌고 bilgo
Condition		빌면 bilmyeon	빌어야 bireoya
Motive		빌려고 billyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		빎 bim	빌기 bilgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		빌었음 bireosseum	빌었기 bireotgi
Determiners	Past	빈 bin
	Present	비는 bineun
	Future	빌 bil

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	비신다 bisinda	비셔 bisyeo	비세요, 비셔요 biseyo, bisyeoyo	비십니다 bisimnida
	Past	비셨다 bisyeotda	비셨어 bisyeosseo	비셨어요 bisyeosseoyo	비셨습니다 bisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	비시느냐 bisineunya	비셔 bisyeo	비세요, 비셔요 biseyo, bisyeoyo	비십니까 bisimnikka
	Past	비셨느냐 bisyeonneunya	비셨어 bisyeosseo	비셨어요 bisyeosseoyo	비셨습니까 bisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		비시라 bisira	비셔 bisyeo	비세요 biseyo	비십시오 bisipsio
Assertive		비시겠다 bisigetda	비시겠어 bisigesseo	비시겠어요 bisigesseoyo	비시겠습니다 bisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		비셔 bisyeo	비셔서 bisyeoseo	비시니 bisini	비시니까 bisinikka
Contrast		비시지만 bisijiman	비시는데 bisineunde	비시더니 bisideoni
Conjunction		비시고 bisigo
Condition		비시면 bisimyeon	비셔야 bisyeoya
Motive		비시려고 bisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		비심 bisim	비시기 bisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		비셨음 bisyeosseum	비셨기 bisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	비신 bisin
	Present	비시는 bisineun
	Future	비실 bisil