Cina

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cina"

Cebuano

Etymology

Short for Eufrocina.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: Ci‧na

Noun

Cina

1. a diminutive of the female given name Eufrocina

Corsican

A bandera di a Cina.

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin). Compare Italian Cina and Portuguese China.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃina/
• Hyphenation: Ci‧na

Proper noun

Cina f

1. China (a cultural region and civilization in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers, taken as a whole under its various dynasties)
2. China (a large country in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers; the People's Republic of China, since 1949)
   • 2019, Zosimov Premudroslovsky StaVl, Mutanti Sovetti: Fantasia divertente, →ISBN:

     Luntanu, luntanu à a fruntiera di l'antica URSS (avà Kazakistan) è a Cina, in u sudeste di a regione Semipalatinsk, vicinu à a cità de Ayaguz, traduttu cum'è "Oh toro", ci era un terrenu di teste nucleare cù una atmosfera radioattiva infettata ottenuta da a negligenza di i schientifichi in opera.

     Far, far away on the border of the former USSR (now Kazakhstan) and China, in the southeast of the region Semipalatinsk, next to the city of Ayaguz, translated as "Oh toro", there was a terrain of nuclear testing with an infected radioactive atmosphere obtained due to the negligence of the scientists in operation.

Czech

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sɪna]

Proper noun

Cina m anim (female equivalent Cinová)

1. a male surname

Declension

Declension of Cina (masculine animate in -a)

	singular	plural
nominative	Cina	Cinové
genitive	Ciny	Cinů
dative	Cinovi	Cinům
accusative	Cinu	Ciny
vocative	Cino	Cinové
locative	Cinovi	Cinech
instrumental	Cinou	Ciny

Further reading

• “Cina”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• Tjina (1901–1947, 1947–1972)
• China

Etymology

From Malay Cina, from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), likely derived from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “State of Qin, Qin dynasty”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃina/ [ˈt͡ʃi.na]
• Rhymes: -ina
• Syllabification: Ci‧na

Proper noun

Cina (direct, possibly derogatory)

1. China (a cultural region and civilization in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers, taken as a whole under its various dynasties)
2. China (a large country in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers; the People's Republic of China, since 1949)

   Synonym: Tiongkok

3. Chinese (the language or the people of the region)

   Synonym: Tionghoa

Adjective

Cina (possibly derogatory or offensive)

1. Chinese (of or related to China)

   Synonym: Tionghoa

Usage notes

This word is dropped from Indonesian official government use as the presidential decision was passed and replaced by Tiongkok (“China”) and Tionghoa (“Chinese”) due to its racist overtones and historical consideration. This direction is followed by most Indonesians and Indonesian-language mass media. However, the word is still commonly used, sometimes with racist connotation.

Derived terms

• pecinan

Further reading

• “Cina”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Italian

Etymology

From Classical Persian چین (Čin, “China”) under influence from Medieval Latin Sina (“China”), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (Čīn, “China”), ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), possibly from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “Qin”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃi.na/
• Rhymes: -ina
• Hyphenation: Cì‧na

• Audio:

  (file)

Proper noun

Cina f

1. China (a cultural region and civilization in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers, taken as a whole under its various dynasties)
2. China (a large country in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers; the People's Republic of China, since 1949; official name: Repubblica Popolare Cinese)

Derived terms

• cinese
• cino-

Anagrams

• Nicà, acni, cani, inca

Malay

Etymology

From a phonetic transcription of Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), probably derived from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “State of Qin, Qin dynasty”). Attested in 1701 in Thomas Bowery's English-Malay and Malay-English bilingual dictionary. Also attested in the Hikayat Muhammad Hanafiah whose manuscript dates to 1580 but is believed to been written as early as the 1380s.

Pronunciation

• (schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃinə/ [ˈt͡ʃi.nə]
• (Baku) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃina/ [ˈt͡ʃi.na]
• Rhymes: -na, -a
• Hyphenation: Ci‧na

Proper noun

Cina (Jawi spelling چينا)

1. Chinese (people, language, etc.)

   Synonym: Tionghoa (Riau)

   Dia fasih bercakap bahasa Cina.

   He speaks Chinese fluently.

Usage notes

• Unlike in Indonesia where this term is considered somewhat offensive, the use of Cina in neighbouring Malayophone countries like Singapore and Malaysia do not typically carry derogative connotations and is regularly used to describe Chinese-related matters, such as in Tahun Baru Cina (“Chinese New Year”).
• Although pronounced the same, the country name, China, is spelled differently with an H. This is a carryover from the old Za'aba Spelling system.

Affixations

• kecinaan (“Chinese-related”)

Compounds

• bahasa Cina (“Chinese language”)
• baju Cina
• cina apek
• Cina bukit
• cina buta
• Cina kelentong
• Cina kolong
• Cina peranakan
• tamadun Cina (“Chinese civilization”)
• timun cina
• wayang Cina

See also

• China (country)

Descendants

• Indonesian: Cina

Further reading

• "Cina" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Old Javanese

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), itself likely deriving from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “State of Qin, Qin dynasty”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃi.na/
• Rhymes: -ina
• Hyphenation: Ci‧na

Proper noun

Cina

1. China (a cultural region and civilization in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers, taken as a whole under its various dynasties)

   Synonym: Tatar

Further reading

• "Cina" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Sardinian

Proper noun

Cina ?

1. China (a cultural region and civilization in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers, taken as a whole under its various dynasties)
2. China (a large country in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers; the People's Republic of China, since 1949)