adiuvo

See also: adiuvò

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.dju.vo/
• Rhymes: -adjuvo
• Hyphenation: à‧diu‧vo

Verb

adiuvo

1. first-person singular present indicative of adiuvare

Latin

Alternative forms

• adjuvō
• adiuerō, adjuerō

Etymology

From ad- (“towards”) +‎ iuvō (“to help”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈad.jʊ.woː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈad.ju.vo]

Verb

adiuvō (present infinitive adiuvāre, perfect active adiūvī or adiuvāvī, supine adiūtum or adiuvātum); first conjugation

1. to help, assist

   Synonyms: adiūtō, iuvō, assistō, succurrō, sublevō, prōficiō, prōsum, adsum

   Antonym: officiō

   • 160 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Adelphoe 202–203:

     Ergō istaec quom ita sunt, Antiphō, / tantō mage tē advigilāre aequomst: fortis Fortūna adiuvat.

     Therefore, since these things are so, Antipho, it is all the more right that you be vigilant: Fortune favors the brave.
     (See: Fortune favours the bold.)

2. to be useful

   Synonyms: prosum, valeō, expediō, prōficiō, cōnferō

3. (figuratively) to cheer

Usage notes

In very rare circumstances, the perfect is adiuvāvī and the supine is adiuvātum.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of adiuvō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	adiuvō		adiuvās		adiuvat		adiuvāmus		adiuvātis		adiuvant
	imperfect	adiuvābam		adiuvābās		adiuvābat		adiuvābāmus		adiuvābātis		adiuvābant
	future	adiuvābō		adiuvābis		adiuvābit		adiuvābimus		adiuvābitis		adiuvābunt
	perfect	adiūvī, adiuvāvī		adiūvistī, adiuvāvistī		adiūvit, adiuvāvit		adiūvimus, adiuvāvimus		adiūvistis, adiuvāvistis		adiūvērunt, adiūvēre, adiuvāvērunt, adiuvāvēre
	pluperfect	adiūveram, adiuvāveram		adiūverās, adiuvāverās		adiūverat, adiuvāverat		adiūverāmus, adiuvāverāmus		adiūverātis, adiuvāverātis		adiūverant, adiuvāverant
	future perfect	adiūverō, adiuvāverō		adiūveris, adiuvāveris		adiūverit, adiuvāverit		adiūverimus, adiuvāverimus		adiūveritis, adiuvāveritis		adiūverint, adiuvāverint
passive	present	adiuvor		adiuvāris, adiuvāre		adiuvātur		adiuvāmur		adiuvāminī		adiuvantur
	imperfect	adiuvābar		adiuvābāris, adiuvābāre		adiuvābātur		adiuvābāmur		adiuvābāminī		adiuvābantur
	future	adiuvābor		adiuvāberis, adiuvābere		adiuvābitur		adiuvābimur		adiuvābiminī		adiuvābuntur
	perfect	adiūtus or adiuvātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	adiūtus or adiuvātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	adiūtus or adiuvātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	adiuvem		adiuvēs		adiuvet		adiuvēmus		adiuvētis		adiuvent
	imperfect	adiuvārem		adiuvārēs		adiuvāret		adiuvārēmus		adiuvārētis		adiuvārent
	perfect	adiūverim, adiuvāverim		adiūverīs, adiuvāverīs		adiūverit, adiuvāverit		adiūverīmus, adiuvāverīmus		adiūverītis, adiuvāverītis		adiūverint, adiuvāverint
	pluperfect	adiūvissem, adiuvāvissem		adiūvissēs, adiuvāvissēs		adiūvisset, adiuvāvisset		adiūvissēmus, adiuvāvissēmus		adiūvissētis, adiuvāvissētis		adiūvissent, adiuvāvissent
passive	present	adiuver		adiuvēris, adiuvēre		adiuvētur		adiuvēmur		adiuvēminī		adiuventur
	imperfect	adiuvārer		adiuvārēris, adiuvārēre		adiuvārētur		adiuvārēmur		adiuvārēminī		adiuvārentur
	perfect	adiūtus or adiuvātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	adiūtus or adiuvātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		adiuvā		—		—		adiuvāte		—
	future	—		adiuvātō		adiuvātō		—		adiuvātōte		adiuvantō
passive	present	—		adiuvāre		—		—		adiuvāminī		—
	future	—		adiuvātor		adiuvātor		—		—		adiuvantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		adiuvāre			adiuvārī			adiuvāns			—
future		adiūtūrum esse, adiuvātūrum esse			adiūtum īrī, adiuvātum īrī			adiūtūrus, adiuvātūrus			adiuvandus
perfect		adiūvisse, adiuvāvisse			adiūtum esse, adiuvātum esse			—			adiūtus, adiuvātus
future perfect		—			adiūtum fore, adiuvātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		adiūtūrum fuisse, adiuvātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		adiuvandī		adiuvandō		adiuvandum		adiuvandō		adiūtum, adiuvātum		adiūtū, adiuvātū

Derived terms

• adiūtō
• adiūtor
• adiūmentum

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: aggiovare (archaic)
  • Sicilian: aggiuvari
• Borrowings:
  • → English: adjuvate
  • → Italian: adiuvare (learned)
  • → Middle French: adjuver

References

• “adjuvo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “adiuvo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Enrico Olivett. Dizionario Latino